Te Wananga 1874-1878: Volume 2, Number 23. 09 October 1875 |
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TE WANANGA. HE PANUITANGA TENA KIA KITE KOUTOU. "TIHE MAURI-ORA." NAMA 23. NEPIA, HATAREI, 9 OKETOPA, I875. PUKAPUKA 2. PANUITANGA Ki Ngatikahungunu me nga hapu e noko ana i waho o te Porowini o Haku Pei ——^\_—— WINEHITI WHARE HEHITINGI TIRITI —*— Kua timata ki te whakahaere mahi toa hokohoko taonga i Nepia. I runga i tenei mahi ka whakaatu ia, ko nga mea o tana toa, he tera, he puutu, me era atu taonga e paingia ana e nga tangata Maori. Ko tana tino kupu nui tenei kia koutou e koro a ia e tono atu ki nga tangata Maori i. tetahi utu rere ke i te utu o tonoa ana i te Pakeha mo aua taonga. Ko ana taonga e hoatu mo te MONI whakangawari i te utu. Heoi ano tana i tono ai inaianei, kia haere matau i te ngawari o te utu kia kite hoki i te pai o nga taonga. KEI NGARO TAKU INGOA:— W. H. PINGIKI, WINIHETI WHARE, HEHITINGI TIRITI, NEPIA.
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Te Wananga. HE HOIHO TINO MOMO REIHI. KO PAPAPA. . Ko Rongorana tenei Hoiho tu ai a tenei tau. Ko Pa- papa, na Reriwata, ko te whaea ko Waimea, io Waimea ano hoki te whaea o Manukau, o Toitoi, a ko nga uri o enei Hoiho i roto i nga tau kotahi tekau, e rima toa. e rima uha, a kahore kau he mate o enei kuri, i nga ra o mahia ana hei Reihi, ko te utu mo te uha kotahi e £6 6 O. He Hoiho whero a mangu a Papapa, e rima ona tau 15 ringa me nga inihi e 3 te tike tike. A koia tetahi o nga Hoiho tino horo o tenei whenua. I te Rrihi i Karatihati, i te tau 1873. Koia te Hoiho i muri o Raurina mate Kapu o Katapere. A e rua maero me te nawhe te roa o te wa i omo ai aua Hoiho. A e wha meneti me nga hekena e waru, ona. i haere ai i aua maero. E tora ano ona tau i aua ra. A e waru tone me te rua pauna aana i mau ai i tana tuara i taua Reihi. Ko Rauriri, e wha ona tau e waru tone e iwa pauna i a ai e mau ana. Ko Tamapuriri o iwa tone me te ono pauna ana i mau ai. Koia te tua toru i roto i te Reihi. Ko Maniwa, e waru tone e iwa pa- una i mau ai. A i a Papapa te Reihi o Karatihati. Ko Kaatawei tana hoa Reihi, a, i a Papapa te Reihi. E rua meneti me nga hekana e wha tekau ma ono, i haere ai taua Reihi. A ko Katawe, he tuakana aia no Temepetana rana ko Tereta. I Akarana, i a Papapa te Reihi mo te Kapu o te Reihi, a e whitu tone me te waru pauna ona i mau ai i tona tuara i taua Reihi. A e rua Maero te roa o te omanga. E toru meneti me nga hekana e whatekau ma rima i rere ai, ka puta aia, ko Tatarina he Hoiho kua kuiitia, a e whitu pauna me te tekau ma rua pauna i mau ai, koia te tuarua i muri o Papapa, ko Parawhenua e wha ona tau, e whitu tone me te iwa pauna i mau ai, koia te tuatoru o nga Hoiho i muri i a Papapa, ko Hetirita, e waru tone, me te tekau pauna i mau ai, ko Paraki Ikara, kua kuiitia e whitu tone e rima pauna i mau ai, kihai tenei i mahia. A ko Papapa anake te Hoiho i te Reihi mo te moni Rerewei, i aia aua moni. A ko te moni o te Reihi i Hauraki i aia ano, e whitu tone e rima pauna ona i mau ai, e rua maero te roa o te Reihi. E toru meneti me nga hekana e rima te kau ma rima ona i oma ai, ka puta, ko Hetanita te hoa Reihi a o iwa ona tone rae nga pauna e whitu. He patiki pai nga patiki mo nga uha, ka tiakina paitia, otiia kahore he he ki au mo te mate aitua ki aua uha. Me utu nga uha i to ra e kawea ketia ai e nga tangata, na ratou aua uha, maku te kupu kia tikina mai aua uha. RAPATA PAAMA. Waitahora. 108. PANUITANGA. KUA whiwhi ahau i te Tangata tino mohio ki te mahi i nga Pu pakaru, ki te mahi i nga mea katoa o te Pu. Ki te hanga Pu hou ano hoki, maana e mahi nga Pu katoa o nga Maori. Na PAIRANGI, Nepia, Aperira 12, 1875. Kai hoko paura. [TRANSLATION.] NOTICE.'—The undersigned, having secured the services of a first-rate gunsmith, is now prepared to mend, make, and repair all sorts of fire-arms.—M. BOYLAN, Licensed for the sale of ammunition. Napier, April 12, l875. 4 HE HOIHO TINO MOMO TO KAATA NO TE MOMO KARAITERA KEI Maraekakaho te waahi e tu ai tenei Hoiho He patiki pai te wahi e noho ai nga uha e kawea mai ana ki a ia. He Hoiho a TIUKA kua riro i a ia nga moni whaka- kitekite mo nga Hoiho tino pai o tenei Porowini, mo nga . tau e rua, koia te tatakuna ai tona kawei matua. E kore e tino nui nga uha e tukua ki a ia, e 30 ano pea te kau. "Ko te utu e £4, O, O, mo te uha kotahi, a ki te mea o rua uha a te tangata kotahi; penei e £3 10 0 mo te mea kotahi. E kore ahau e pai kia he ko ahau ana pa he aitua ki nga uha e kawea mai ana kia TIUKA. He nui te pai o te kai i nga patiki i Maraekakaho. TAMATI KANE, Maraekakaho, Hepetema: 3, 1875. 97 HE TINO HOIHO REIHI. KO TERENGA. HE uri tenei hoiho na Ririwata, ko te whaea ko Pipii, ... (kei te pukapuka whakapaparanga hoiho o Nui Tireni te tino korero mo te hoiho nei.) He hohio pai rawa a TERENGA, 15 ringa me te 3 inihi te tiketike, a he kuri kaha, he kuri pai te ahua. Ko Waipukurau a TERENGA tu ai i tenei tau, he pai nga patiki hei nohoanga mo nga uha, a e kore e utu te nohoa- nga o nga uha i reira. Otiia e kore ahau e mea kia utua te mate aitua ki nga uha. Me utu nga uha i te ra e riro ai i nga tangata na ratou aua uha. A maku e ki, kia tikina mai. £5 5s. Od., mo te uha kotahi. RAWIRI PEREMANGA. POA HIRA. Waipukurau. 106 . Na Rati Raua ko Rauniri. NGA Moenga, me nga tini tini o nga mea pera. Kei ta raua Toa. i te taha o te Haku Pei Karapu. 15
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Te Waiimiga* HE H O I H O T A R I O N A . HE Momo Karaitera, ko Poukawa tu ai. " I A N G A T A P I O N A ." HE hoiho kaha, he kuri kakama ki te haere. He mangu A whero. He mangu nga waewae, a kahore he mate o ana waewae. He kuri atahua, kahore he riri ona, a, he hoiho kaha ki te mahi. I riro i aia, te utu tuarua mo nga hoiho ahua pai i Karaitihata i te tau 1869. Nga utu, £3 10s. 0d, a e kore e utua te patiki e haere ai nga uha mo te marama kotahi ; a i muri iho o taua marama, ka utu te tangata nana te uha, e rua hereni me te hikipene mo te wiki. Ko aua utu nei, me utu i te ra e tikina mai ai nga uha. He tino pai te tiaki, otiia e kore ahau o pai kia utu ana mate tetahi uha e kawea mai ana ki taua Tariona. TE M. HAPIMANA. 92 HE HOIHO TINO REIHI KO KINGIPIHA, Me te tino Momo Arepa ko AREPA TAIRA. KO enei hoiho, e noho ana i Te Tukituki, a tenei tau. Ko te utu mo te hoiho uha, e ono pauna, e ono hereni, mo te uha kotahi, a ko aua moni me utu i te ra e tikina atu ai te uha. A ko te patiki e haere ai nga uha, kahore he utu mo te patiki e noho ai aua uha i te timatanga, kia tae ki nga ra e hoki ai ka utu. Ko nga uha i kore e hapu i a KINGIPIHA i tera tau, kahore he utu i tenei tau mo aua uha. A ki te kore e hapu tetahi uha i tenei tau i a AREPA TAIKA, penei, ko a tera tau e kore e utu ana kawea mai ano ki taua Tariona. Ko to utu mo AREPA TAIRA i tu ai aia i Wikitoria, tekau pauna mo te uha kotahi i utu ai nga Pakeha o reira. Ko nga uha me tuku mai kia Te Karaati i Hawheraka. ! Kahore he tikanga ki au o te aitua ki nga uha i nga ra e noho ai i au. Kia 50 tekau ano uha e tukua mai ki enei hoiho, ki tetahi ki tetahi. ARENA MAKARINI. 95 Tukituki Teihana. KUA RIRO IA WIREMU PIRIPI, TE ARIPIANA PIRIATA RUUMA, KOIA aia i mea ai, ma tana mahi atahua i nga tangata e haere ana ki reira, ka paingia ai a ia e nga MAORI KATOA. 63 i KO KAIRAKA, TE TAKIWA E TU AI, KO WAIPAOA. KOIA nei te korero o tenei Kuri, ara, mo te Momo i Puta ai. He mea whakatupu tenei Hoiho e Te Ropitini. He hoiho whero a pango a KAIRAKA : 15 ringa te tiketike. He Kuri tino pono ana uri, ko te matua taane ko Taratona, ko te whaea ko Kaipari. Na Kaipari na Tetitonga, ko te whaea ko KAIRAKA, a na Pipio-te-poai aia, ko Karaura, na Pei Mititana, ko Papihi, na Rapitoke, ko Etinga, na Rupene, ko Rama na Kohana, he tuahine no Hehita, a na Ta Pita aia. Ko Wurupeka, ko Witipa- raea, ko te whaea o Puhiti, ka Pipoteipoai, na Tanapiriti aia, ko te Paranikina te whaea, na Orewa, na Tamapota, na Wihana, na Maki, ko Tenipana, na Tikianaru, ko Horopaipa, na Tarapata, Runa, Herora, tuahine a Ikinipi, ko Tetitanga na Orano, na Mihitikina, na Rokana, ko Ereketa na Porotakita, na Tamipata. Na Te Ropitini i uta mai ki Whakatu, ko Porotakita, na Orewa Korenewera, A ko Tautona he hoiho whero a pango. He tuakana na Piia. Na S. Haka i whakatupu i te tau 1850. No Mere- pana, ko Hinihira te whaea, a na Tatitoneaia, i utaina mai ki tenei whenua i te tau 1858. He mea uta mai aia i Tawahi ki Merepana. A e tino paingia ana aia e te iwi katoa o reira, i te mea hoki e moa ana ratou. Koia te tino Hoiho nana nga uri tino Reihi o reira. He teina a Tautana na Piia, a koia te matua taane o Manukau. A koia te tino hoiho pai o te whenua nei. A ko KAIRAKA te uri o te hoiho horo, me te Hoiho kaha, o nga Hoiho tino momo o Ingarangi. A na Omene te Hoiho uha ; te tamahine a Tautana, i riro mana te Reihi i aia i te tau 1867. A ko te Hoiho uha ko Kanariri na Tautana ano aia, he tino Hoiho Reihi kaha rawa aia i nga hoiho katoa o Nui Tireni. A ko Atarata raua ko Ketetaramu, nga uri ano o tenei Hoiho. Atarata raua ko Ketetaramu,he uri ano raua no Tautara. ko Arueka, ko te whaea o Toratuka ko Titakata, me etahi atu he tamahine ano raua na Tanitana. A ko Matarore, ko Ake, he uri ano enei, no te taha ki te matua taane. A ko Minitiri, ko te Hoiho i a ia te tino uta mo te Reihi i i Taranaki, no Tanitana ano a ia. Na Tautara a Mihiri no | Wuruka. He tini noa atu nga uri o tenei Hoiho, ekore ! e taea te whakahua i te maha. Ko Tamariri nana te Reihi | i Katapere, na Tautana a ia, me Mihipatini, me Rarapira. He uri ano raua na Tautana. i E toru tau, a Te Rerewuru o Whakatu, i whakatupu uri ai a Tautaua. Ko nga Turei me nga Weneti a Tautana tu ai i Waipukurau, a ko etahi o nga ra o te wiki, ko Waipaoa aia tu ai. He patiki pai te wahi e tu ai nga uha. He nui te whakaaro tiaki mo nga uha. otiia kahore he he ki an mo te mate aitua ki nga uha. Ko te utu mo Tautaua mo te uha kotahi e £5, 5, O, ki te mea he tini ke nga uha a te tangata kotahi, ka hoki iho te utu. NA A. H. PARONA. 102 Kai Tiaki.
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Te Wananga. TE PEEKE UTU WHARE WERA KAIPUKE TAHURI O NUI TIRENI. Nga moni a nga kai tiaki o tena Peeke £1,000,000 (kotahi Miriona). E taunahatia ana e tenei Peeke nga Whare, me nga Kai- puke. Kia wera,K kia tahuri rawa ake ka utua e ratou. He iti nei te utu ki tenei Peeke mo tana mahi a ratou. ROPATA TAPIHANA, 83 Kai tiaki, Nepia. PARANIHI PETARA, Kai hanga tera, me nga mea whakarawe katoa mo te . Hoiho. HAWHERAKA. 77 HARE TAIHI, KAI TUI KAKAHU, HAWHERAKA. 78 H A R E TEIRA, KAI HANGA PUUTU ME TE HU, HAWHERAKA. 79 C. R. ROPITINI. KAI Ruuri whenua, me nga Waapu, me nga Rori Maana e mahi nga Mapi ma nga Maori, mo nga Rori, Waapu, me nga mea pera. Me tuku mai nga pukapuka ki aia, ki te Whare ta o " Te Wananga," Hehitinga Tiriti, Nepia U. R. ROPITINI, Hehitinga Tiriti, Nepia. 50 C. R. ROBINSON, | CIVIL ENGINEER AND SURVEYOR, Surveys made, Bridge Plans prepared, and Estimates given to any of the Natives of the North Island. Address - WANANGA Office Hastings-Street, Napier. 50 Whare hanga Kooti, Nepia. NA G. PAKINA, Kai hanga Kooti, me te mahi Terei, kai rongoa Hoiho, mo te mahi i nga rino katoa e mahi ai te Parakimete, Hehitingi Tiriti, Nepia. HE mea mahi nga Kooti me nga Kareti, ki te tikanga o nga tauira hou, o Tawahi o Merika, a he mea mahi pai te hanga o aua mea. Ho mea peeita ano hoki eia, a he utu tika tana utu i tono ai mo ana mahi. 21 Kei a Nataniora Hakopa i Hehitingi Tiriti, TE TUPEKA pai, me nga TIKA, me nga PAIPA Mihini, Me nga mea whakatangitangi Koriana. me nga Wai kakara, me ngu taonga tini noa atu. A he kotahi ano ana utu e tono ai ki te Pakeha ki te Maori. Ki te mea ka hokona etahi o enei mea e nga kai tiaki Toa, penei e hoki iho to utu. 6 H. J . HIKI , KAI HANGA PUUTU ME TE HU, HAWHERAKA. 81 T. WIREMU Kai hanga PUUTU, me nga HU, I Hehitingi Tiriti, Nepia. TAMATI WIREMU. 11
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Te Wananga. HE TANGATA MATE. No te 27 o Hepetema a Paora Pareko, i mate ai, i Te Atai. He taumatua he whanaunga no Henare Tomoana. DEATH. At Te Atai on the 27 of September Paora Pareko, an old chief related to Henare Tomoana. TE WANANGA. KOTAHI PUTANGA I TE WIKI. HATAREI, 9 OKETOPA, 1875. I NGA ra ki ano enei korero i kitea e nga Maori, kua rere mai te Piriniha o Wera, i te kainga o ana tupuna, o te whenua i kiia ona Kingi. "He Kingi nui rawa o ratou mana i ta te whakaaro e mohio ai." A ka ahu tana haere ki Inia. E ono pea marama ona e noho ai i reira. A ko nga utu mo tana haere, ara, ko nga moni e pau £150,000, (kotahi rau e rima tekau mano,) pauna. Ko nga iwi e kiia ana e ratou, e mana ana nga Ture o Ingarangi i a ratou. E rua rau e iwa tekau miriona, (29,000,000,) Ki te mea ka wehea nga tangata o te ao nei, kia wha puninga, penei kotahi o aua puni e kiia ana na Ingarangi aua tangata. A e rua rau miriona (200,000,000,) o aua tangata e noho ana i Inia. E hara tenei haere a te Piriniha o Wera i te haere noa, he tikanga to taua haere. He whaka- mana i nga tikanga Kingi. Ahakoa, haere etahi atu o nga tamariki Kingi i taua haere, he haere noa ta ratou, ko tenei haere a te Piriniha o Wera, he haere taana, no te mea koia hoki te Kingi mo Ingarangi a nga ra e mate ai a Kuini Wikitoria. He take nui te tikanga i haere ai aia ki Inia. I nga tau o mua, i kiia e nga Kingi kia nui he iwi ma ratou, a ko tenei kua mea te whakaaro kia noho nga iwi i nga whenua mamao atu i Ingarangi, a kia tupu kaha aua iwi, ka tuku ai aua iwi kia mahi ratou i nga Ture e noho pai ai, e tupu ai te ora ma ratou. A ko tenei, he iwi kotahi te Pakeha, e whakatupu ana i te ora, i te noho pai, i te atawhai ki te iwi, koia i kiia ai, no Ingarangi nga iwi i tino noho marire i te ao nei. Whaihoki, kia mau te mahi i nga tikanga i tupu nui ai aua iwi, a kia mau tonu te tohu i te tangata, ki te kai, ki te ora, ki te atawhai. A koia ra te take i haere ai te Piriniha o Wera ki Inia. He mea kia kite te Iwi o reira i aia, a kia mau ai te Ture aroha ki nga iwi o reira, hei tau- ira ma te ao katoa, hei titiro ma tena iwi, ma tena iwi, kia kore ai he kino, he mate, he kai kore. A i kiia ano i etahi wa, kia kite Te Piriniha o Wera i Inia, ka haere mai ai kia kite i nga i Iwi o enei Motu. Otiia e kore pea aia e tae mai ki konei i tenei haerenga ona, engari pea, hei a tetahi haerenga mai, ka tae mai ai ki konei. A ki te mea ka ora tonu aia, tena aia e umeretia e nga Iwi o konei ana haere mai kia kite ia tatou. A e tino pai nga Rangatira Maori ana haere mai aia kia kite pu tatou i aia. He mea enei korero i tuhi tuhia ai, kia mohio ai nga Maori ki nga tikanga o Ingarangi kia tatou, no te mea no Ingarangi hoki to tatou mana e mau nei tatou, ia tatou e noho nei i enei whenua a tatou. ERE the following will be iu our readers hands His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, the heir apparent to an Empire greater than that of which "we know anything " will have left the shores of Great Britain to visit the possessions of the British Crown in the Indian Continent. His visit will perhaps be of about six months duration, entailing a cost to the Home and Indian Governments of some £150,000. Great Britain with her colonies and dependencies claims the allegiance of 290,000,000 souls, nearly a fourth of the population of the globe, of which vast number .200,000,000 reside in her East Indian possessions. It must be borne in mind that this visit is not of an ordinary, but of a political nature. The visit of other members of the Royal Family, save Her who graciously and wisely occupies the highest place in the realm, could not have under any circumstances an equal significance as that of the Heir apparent; but when it is remembered that the visit is of a premeditated nature, having a definite purpose to achieve, its importance cannot be over-estimated. Within the last twenty years, it had been the avowed policy of the Imperial Parliament to avoid the acquisition of fresh territory, to weaken the bonds which attached the Mother country to her colonies and dependencies, to plant as it were sturdy children in the far-off portions of the globe, protect them until they arrived to manhood and years of dis- cretion, and then allow them to run and prosper alone. A different policy however has lately been inaugurated, and the aim of the rulers of less than one fifth of the population of the earth has been to consolidate the Empire, " greater than any historical empire" of the past, to preserve its unity, maintain its dignity, and enhance its strength. With this • object in view, the Prince of Wales goes to India. A well informed paper published in London says:—"Its unity would be worth maintaining for the mere sake of the lustre and prestige which it must impart to every country and community which will belong to it, but the peace and security which it must insure them, if it be properly organized, will be a blessing of incalculable value to them all." With this object in view, it was at one time considered probable His Royal Highness would, after travelling through our Indian possessions, have ex- tended his journey to Australia and New Zealand, but this tour will probably be postponed for another year, our African territories and peoples most probably • occupying His attention on His homeward route. Should His life however be preserved, at not a remote date Australasia will welcome him to her shores, and the chiefs of this island have the honor of being pre- sented to the Heir to that Empire over the boundaries of which the sun ever shines. These remarks have been penned with the hope of our Native readers un- derstanding the line of policy the Imperial authorities have adopted, and of showing them of how mighty a confederation they form a part. I NGA ra i korerotia ai te Pitihana a te 14 5 Maori o Hauraki, e Te Paremata i te 15 o Hepetema. Ko nga Mema ko Karaitiana Takamoana, ko Wi Katene, ko Taiaroa, me etahi Mema i korero. Koia nei a ratou kupu "Ka mea a KARAITIANA TAKAMOANA. Kia korero aia i ana korero mo nga take e rua i roto i taua Pitihana. Ko te hoko whenua. Ko te korero mo nga Mema ma nga Maori ki te Paremata. E ki ana aia, ko te hoko whenua i penei me nga Porowini. I mua ko Kawana anake nana te tikanga ki te Pareina-
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Te Wananga. ta, a muri iho ko nga Porowini. A i pera ano hoki te whenua. Ko Te Kawanatanga, anake maana e hoko te whenua. A muri iho, ka tu te Ture a tenei Pare- mata, kia hoko ano hoki te tini o te Iwi Pakeha i te whenua. I hoko ai te Pakeha, he mea na ratou kia riro nga whenua a te Maori ia ratou, koia ra te take o o taua kupu i kii ai mo nga Porowini, i te korerotanga kia whakakahoretia, nga Porowini, koia ra tana mea i tau ai tana kupu mo nga Porowini ki nga Maori. Na ko tenei, ko te kupu mo nga Mema mo nga Maori ki te Paremata nei. Ma tenei Paremata, tena e titiro. A me mahi tonu e ratou tana whakaaro, kaua e waiho ma te Minita ki te taha Maori anake ano e naahi taua mea. E ngari ma te Paremata katoa nei e mahi, a ma te Paremata nei e mea he Ture mo taua tikanga. Ki te mea e kore e kiia kia nui ake he Mema Maori ki te Paremata nei, heoi ra, me mutu te noho o te Mema Maori i tenei Paremata. ' Ma te Paremata nei e mahi nga whakaaro, a ma ratou e rapu he tikanga e nui ai he Mema Maori mo tenei Paremata. Kaua e waiho ma te Minita Maori anake. He hiahia tona kia korero nga Mema katoa o te Paremata nei, kia aia rongo ia i a ratou whakaaro, mehemea e pai ana ra- tou kia noho nga Mema Maori i te Paremata nei. A tetahi, kia rongo atu a ia i te whakaaro o te Paremata nei, mehemea ka whakaitia rawatia ranei e ratou nga Mema Maori mo te. Paremata nei. Kana enei whaka- aro e mahia hunatia. E ngari korerotia i te awatea. A kiia mai te kupu, mehemea he pai ranei kia peia te iwi kino te iwi kuare, ki waho o te Paremata nei. Ki te mea ka mahia hunatia, he mea kia mamingatia patipatitia e ratou te Maori. Koia a ia i ki ai, me korero nui nga mea katoa, kia tuhituhia ai aua kupu kia panuiti ai ki nga Maori katoa o te whenua nei, ki a mohio ai ratou nga Maori he iwi kotahi tatou, kia rongo ai ano ranei ratou nga Maori, ki a koutou kupu, he iwi ke matou i a koutou. A he Iwi ano koutou, he Iwi ano matou. Ka mea a WI KATENE, he kupu ano taana nao te mea e korerotia ana e te Paremata nei. E kore e rere ke taana kupu, ka aru tonu ano i te take e kiia nei e te Paremata. I mea nga Mema o te Komiti rapura- pu i nga tikanga o te Pitihana o nga tangata Maori o Hauraki, me tuku taua Pitihana, kia mahia e Te Kawanatanga, a ma Te Kawanatanga taua Pitihana e titiro. Mehemea i mahara- aia ka turia he korero e Te Hiana ki te aroaro o Te Paremata mo te kupu a nga Maori o Hauraki e kiia nei, penei he tika ano kia puta taua kupu ki te aroaro o taua Komiti. E wha- kaae ana aia, kia noho te Maori i roto i nga Huuri, nae nga mea katoa. I mahia ano e ratou te whakaaro kia ta he Maori hei Mema nao nga Maori ki nga Runanga Paremata Porowini, a kihai i pono. Ano kua tae mai nei te Pitihana a etahi Maori kia noho te Maori i roto i nga Huuri ka whakaae aia ki taua kupu, mehemea i ki te kupu a Te Hiana ma Te Kawanatanga e titiro te take e kiia nei e Te Paremata, penei maana (ma Wi Katene) te kapu ki Te Kawanatanga, kia noho nga Maori i roto i nga Huuri. E kore a ia e ki kupu mo nga Mema Maori mo te Paermata. Ma te Paremata taua kupu e kii. A mo nga tikanga e kiia nei e Te Ka- wanatanga mo nga whenua Maori kia kaua e hokona, ki taana whakaaro, ma nga Maori tana tikanga e mea. Otiia ko etahi Mema Maori kou mo te Paremata nei, ma te Paremata taua kupu e mahi. Ka mea a TA HORI KEREI. He pai nga kupu a Ta Tanara Makarini. A ka tono ano aia a Ta Hori Kerei i tetahi tono ano, kia tatu te whakaaro o Te Kawanatanga, a kia oti i a ratou te rapurapu nga tikanga, e noho ai ranei, e kore ai ranei te Maori e noho i te Huuri, me whakaatu mai taua kupu a Te Kawanatanga kia rongo te Paremata nei. E kiia ana kua tino nui haere te utu mo nga whenua, e mau ana i nga Maori. A he nui ano hoki nga mahi Whakawa a te Maori a te Pakeha kia ratou. A na nga Kooti o te whenua nei i mahi aua tautohe. A e mohio ana te Minita Maori, ko aua Whakawa, ma nga tikanga Maori o mua, kia rangona ka marama ui ana Whaka- wa, Whaihoki, me whakamarama ano ana korero e nga Maori, ka ata kitea ai aua tikanga. Ki taana whakaaro, ki ta Ta Hori Kerei, he tino tika pu ano kia tu nga Maori i roto i nga Huuri, ki noho ai nga Maori ki te whakawa i nga mea e pa tahi ai ratou ko te Pakeha. A e mea atu ana aia kia Ta Tanara Makarini, ki te mea ka oti te whakaaro a te Kawanatanga mo taua mea nei, me whaaki mai e ratou ki te Paremata nei, kia mahara ai ano tenei Paremata ki tetahi tikanga mahi ano ma ratou mo taua mea. Ka mea a TA TANARA MAKARINI, kia oti te whakaaro a te Kawanatanga, ka whaakina ki te Pare- mata nei ta ratou kupu. Ka mea a TAIAROA he kupu ano aana mo te Piti- hana a nga Maori o Hauraki. Tetahi take, a aua Maori, he mea ha ratou, kia nui ake he Mema ma ratou i te Paremata nei. I mea ano aia i mua kia whakamahaa nga Mema Maori mo te Paremata nei. a kihai i whakaaetia e te Runanga Ariki. I mea aia kia whakanuia nga Mema Maori mo te Paremata, a, ki te mea e kore taua whakaaro e whakaaetia: ka pena ano tana kupu me ta Karaitiana Takamoana, me mutu nga Mema Maori mo tenei Paremata. Heoi ano taana i mohio ai i roto i tenei Paremata, e noho take kore ana nga Mema Maori i konei, i roto i tenei Paremata. He nui ana korero i whakapuaki ai i roto i tenei Paremata, a kahore rawa aua kupu aana i whakara- ngona e nga Mema Pakeha. I whakahe pea ratou ki aua kupu, i whakahawea ranei pea ; a kihai ana tono i tono ai, i whakaaetia. A ko nga Pitihana a nga Maori e tukua mai ana ki te Paremata nei, e kore e manaakitia e nga Mema Pakeha, a e kore e whakaaetia aua mea e tonoa ana e aua Pitihana. Na reira aia i kore ai o pai kia tino korero aia i ana whakaaro ki te Paremata. Kahore hoki he pai kia korero kau nga Mema Maori, i te mea hoki kahore he mea e riro mai kia ratou mo a ratou korero, ko te mea tino pai, rue mutu te haere mai o nga Mema Maori ki te Paremata nei. Koia ko Taiaroa, ka puta aia i tenei tau i te Paremata nei. A ki taana hiahia, kaua tetahi Mema Maori mo tenei Motu e haere mai ki tenei Paremata ana tu te Paremata hou, kahore he pai mo te Maori e puta kia ratou nao nga Mema Maori e noho nei i tenei Paremata. I mea a Wi Katene " waiho ma to Kawa- natanga e tirotiro taua tikanga." A koia na tonu te kupu a te Kawanatanga. Ka mea a WEKATENE. E ui aua a ia, mehemea, ma te Kawanatanga anake ano ranei te mea, kia wha- kamahaa nga Mema Maori o te Paramata. Ka mea a TAIAROA, mehemea kahore he tikanga a te Kawanatanga e nui ai nga Mema Maori mo te Pare- mata. He aha te take i kore ai e tukua mai taua whaka aro e Te Kawanatanga kia mahia e te Paremata? Hei tenei Paremata ka tuku mai ai he Pira e Te Kawana-
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Te Wananga. tanga, a kaua e waiho mo tera tau ka tuku mai, ki te mea ka waiho e Te Kawanatanga taua Pira, mo a £ tera tau ka tuku mai ai, heoi ra ka mea taana ] whakaaro, e tatari ana Te Kawanatanga, kia ngaro te s Maori i te ngaro a te Moa, i taria ai. Ka mea a Te HIANA. E hara tana whakaaro, i turia ai e ia tenei korero e ia, me te Pitihana a nga 1 Maori o Hauraki, i te mea, he whakahe taana i nga ti- kanga o te Paremata, a o te Komiti ano hoki. Mei kore o korerotia e ia ki te Paremata nei, penei e kore rawa i e tae mai i Te Kawanatanga. He mea atu taana ki te Minita Maori, (a e hara taana i te korero kupu take kore,) ki taana titiro e pai ana te nuinga o nga Maori, ma Te Kawanatanga anake e hoko nga whenua o nga Maori. A ko ono whakaaro mo nga Kura whakaako i te Iwi. E kore a ia e pai kia kore he kupu mo tera e puta i a ia. E whakaae ana a ia ki nga kupu a te Minita Maori mo ana korero mo te ako i te Maori. E whakaae a ia, ko te mahi o tenei Kawanatanga, he ako i te Maori kia tino mohio i a ratou nga tikanga o e reo Pakeha, a kia tino rite pu ai ratou ki te Pakeha. A he nui nga tikanga o taua tu ako, kua puta i nga mahinga ako. A e mea ana a ia, he pai ano, mehemea e tono ana te Minita Maori i etahi moni kia nui i tenei tau, hei mahi i aua tikanga. Ina hoki he moni, e utua tikatia ana aua moni hei ako i nga mo te kupu mo nga Maori, kia noho hei mahi E kore a ia e whakaae kia kiia me mata nga Maori katoa i taua mahi. Otiia me pera me nga tikanga Pakeha mo nga Huuri e whiriwhiri ana i roto i ie Iwi. Ko nga tangata o aua Huuri, hei te hunga whai taonga, tangata tika. Whaihoki kia mohio ki nga tikanga Pakeha; ara hei nga tangata kua roa te nohoanga i roto i nga Pakeha. E pai ana a ia ki nga kupu a Ta Tanara Makarini. A e mea ana a ia, ka pai ano kia korerotia mai e ia te whaka- aro a Te Kawanatanga mo aua mea nei, i nga ra ki ano tenei Paremata i mutu noa. A whakaaetia aua te kupu i turia ai taua korero. WHEN the report of the Native Affairs Committee on the petition of 145 Natives of Hauraki came on for discussion in the House on the 15th of September, Messrs. Takamoana, Katene, Taiaroa, and others, made the following speeches :— " Mr. Takamoana wished to refer to two matters in the petition;—the sale of land and Native representa- tion. The question of the sale of land was, in his opinion, the same as the Provinces. Formerly it was only the Governor that had to deal with the House; sub- sequently the Provinces. It was the same with the land—the Government alone were the purchasers. Subsequently the House passed an Act enabling the the people to buy the land. The Europeans had done that in order that they might get possession of the lands of the Natives. That was the reason why he said, with reference to the abolition of the Provinces, that it had reference to the Natives. With reference to the representation, let the House consider it. Let the House go on considering it, and let them not leave it to the Minister for Native Affairs alone to consider it. Let the whole House go into that question, and say what the law should be on that point. It would be better to let the Natives go out of the House alto- gether if their number were not increased. Let them go into the matter, and consider the increase of repre- sentation of the Native race. Do not leave it to the Minister alone. He should like to hear all members speak, and say whether they approved of Maoris sitting here or not, or whether they were going to make the Maoris fewer than they were. Do not let these things be done secretly, but let them talk openly on the subject, and say whether it was right to send these ignorant and evil people out of the House. If they acted in that secret way, it would be merely to wheedle the Maoris. He would therefore say, let all things be expressed so that they may be written down and published to the Natives of this island ; so that we may be able to ascertain that we are one people, or, ou the contrary, that we may know by what you say that we are two separate people—that you are one people, and that we are another." " Mr. Katene had something to say on the motion of the member fur Rodney. He would not go away from the subject, but would speak on the question before the House. The members of the Native Affairs Committee agreed to refer the petition of the Natives of Hauraki to the Government for their consideration, and it would be for them to do so. Had he thought the honorable member for Rodney would have brought forward a motion in the House on the question, he should have referred to to the Maoris being members of juries and other things. They tried to get a Maori member into the Provincial Council in former years, but they could not. do it. Now that the Maoris had petitioned that certain Maoris should be made jurors, he would agree to that. If the honorable member for Rodney had given notice that the question should bo refered to to the Government, he (Mr. Katene) would have spoken to the Government and recommended that the Maoris should be members of juries. He would not speak now ou the question of Maori representation. That rested with the House. With reference to the restrictions placed on the sale of land by the Govern- ment, that was a thing which he thought should be left to the Natives to consider. But the increase of representation was a matter for the whole House. "Sir G. Grey, while thanking the Native Minister for the interesting statement he had made to the House ou this subject, would venture to make one request—namely, that when the Government had made up their minds with, regard to the course they intended to pursue in reference to the question raised that the Native should be placed on the jury list, the honorable member would be so good as to commu- nicate the decision of the Government to the House. It was well known that recently the property of the Natives had increased enormously in value, and that many questions with regard to property had arisen between themselves and Europeans which were being considered by the Courts of the country. The Native Minister was aware that those questions sometimes depended entirely on Native custom and on the Native interpretation of documents. He would submit that, in justice to the Natives, steps should be taken to place them on the jury list, so that they might sit as jurors on cases of such kind where their interests were so enormously at stake. He trusted the honorable member would assure the House that when the Go- vernment had come to a decision on the matter they
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Te Wananga. would communicate it to the House, in order that the House might determine what further steps should be taken with regard to it." " Sir D. M'Lean said that when the Government had come to a decision upon the matter, he would be happy to make it known to the House." " Mr. Taiaroa had a few words to say oh the petition of the Natives of Hauraki. One point was that they were trying for an increased representation in this House. He formerly applied for an increased repre- sentation in this House, but the other branch of the Legislature did not agree to it. He thought the Native representation should be increased in that House, otherwise he should agree with what his honor- able friend the member for the Eastern Maori district had said, that there should be no members at all. He knew from his experience in this House that they were now here in a false position. ' He had said many things in this House which the European members did not pay attention to. They objected or did not pay atten- tion to what he had said, and did not carry out his wishes. The petitions sent by the people of this island to this House did not appear to be agreed to or entertained. Therefore it was that he did not care to speak very much in this House. It was not worth while speaking; there was nothing to be gained by the Natives. The best thing for the Maoris was to go out altogether. He intended himself to go out this year. He hoped that no member of the island would come forward next Parliament. There was no good to be gained by it. The honorable member for the Northern Maori district said, " Let the matter be con- sidered by the Government." But that was what the Government always said." " Mr. Katene wanted to know whether it rested with the Government alone to increase the Maori representation." " Mr. Taiaroa said, if the Government had nothing to do with it, why did they not bring the matter before the House, and let the House decide? Let the Go- vernment bring down the Bill now, and not hold it over until next year. If the Government left it over until next year, he would consider that they were waiting for the extinction of the Native race." "Mr. Sheehan, in reply, desired to explain, iu the first place, that in moving this motion he was not acting against the rules of the House or the Com mittee. If he had not taken this step, the matter would not hare come before the Government. He desired to assure the Native Minister—and he did not speak without book—that he believed the great bulk of the Native people would prefer to see the pre- emptive right of the Crown established. With regard to the education question, he desired to say that he would be sorry to allow his position on that side of the House to prevent him expressing his opinion on the matter. He quite agreed with what han been said by the Native Minister as to the education of the Maoris. He admittee that under the present Administration an earnest attempt had been made to lead the Natives not to talk Maori, but to speak English, and to become English people. He knew that that attempt was very successful; and he would be very glad to see the honorable gentleman asking for more public money this year than last for this purpose. He knew no money that was better spent, or would produce more beneficial results in the future. With regard to the question of jurors, he would be sorry that the whole of the Native race should be eligible ; and in the se- lection of jurors the same rules' could be observed as in the selection of special jurors amongst Europeans, They should be men of some property, character, and knowledge of European customs, acquired through. long contact with the Europeans. He was glad to have the assurance of the honorable gentleman ; and he hoped that before the termination of the session he would be able to give the House some details as to the course the Government intended to pursue." Motion agreed to. E kiia ana ko a te 20 o te marama nei, (Oketopa,) ka whakamutua te mahi o tenei Paremata. Parliament it is affirmed, is to be prorogued and dis- solved on the 20th instant. E korerotia ana, kua kitea te koura i Whangarei, i te takiwa ki Ngapuhi, i ko mai o Tokerau (Pewhairangi.) It is reported throughout the colony that a new goldfield has been discovered at Whangarei, in the Province of Auckland. . Ko a te 21 o te Marama nei te tu ai te korero a te Kooti Whakawa Whenua Maori i te Taone o Taranaki. A ko te 4 o nga ra o Noema te tu ai ano he Whakawa Whenua a taua Kooti ano i Patea. A sitting of the Native Lands' Court will be held at New Plymouth on the 21st instant, and at Patea on the 4th of November. E mea ana te Nupepa Te Waikato Taima. I tuhi tuhi ta ratou kai tuhi tuhi kia ratou, a e mea ana, ko a tenei tau te tino mahi nui ai nga Maori o roto o Waikato i te whenua. I te Kopua, e rua te kau nga Parau kei te parau i o reira whenua. The " Waikato Times" says :—" We learn from a well informed correspondent at Alexandra, that during the coming season the Waikato Natives will double the extent of cultivation. At Kopua alone, upwards of twenty teams are engaged in ploughing alone." Kotahi Pakeha ko Reweti te ingoa. I Waikato te wahi i noho ai taua Pakeha, a naana te kaha ki te haere i nga maero 112. A ko nga haora ona i haerea ai aua mae- ro e 48. Ko tana pikaunga e 56 pauna taima i tana tuara e mau ana. A ko te maero mutunga o tana haere i haerea ai eia i nga meneti 16. A man called Danvers, at Hamilton, Waikato, walked 112 miles in 48 hours, carrying a swag 561bs. in weight. He walked the last mile in a little more than sixteen minutes. E mea ana te Nupepa Te Papati Pei Herara, he kino te mahi a etahi Pakeha me etahi Maori, i te takiwa ki Keneti Pei. Otiia he pai kia rangona, he kupu tito aua korero : koia hei nga kii o taua Nupepa. '' He mahi he ta etahi o nga Pakeha me nga Maori o Keneti Pei i enei ra. He rarahu kino na ratou i etahi o te iwi. A i etahi ra i ru- makina e ratou tetahi wahine ki te wai. A he mea moto e ratou taua wahine, muri iho he mea whakangau ki te kuri. A na te tangata haere i ora ai taua wahine. Kahore ano matou i rongo noa, kua kiia taua inaha ki nga kai tiaki o Te Iwi." The " Poverty Bay Herald " has the following, which, it is to be hoped, may prove untrue :—" Some of the Eu- ropean and Native inhabitants of the Kennedy's Bay district have been distinguishing themselves lately, in the way of assault and outrage. One of their latest victims was a Maori woman. After beating, lacerating, and other- wise illusing their victim, they threw her into the water and set dogs at her. The animals after tasting her blood, became furious, and would have worried her to death, but for the assistance of some passers-by. We have not yet heard that the authorities have inquired into the case."
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Te Wananga. E mea ana te kai tuhituhi atu ki te Koronikana o Whanganui, kanui te ata marire o te whakaaro o te Maori . i enei ra. A kanui ano hoki ta ratou aro ki te ngaki whenua. E aru ana i to te Pakeha mahi ngaki, he nui nga wahi whenua kua taiepatia e ratou. A he nui ano hoki ratou ngaki riwai. He mea pea, he nui no te hiahia a te tini, ki taua kai i te tau kua pahure nei. The Waitotara correspondent of the " Wanganui Chronicle says :—" The disposition of the Native element is unusually pacific and satisfactory at present. They are showing a praiseworthy inclination to emulate their pakeha brethren in agricultural pursuits, and they almost daily may be seen engaged in farming operations of one kind and another. A good deal of ploughing and fencing has been, and is being undertaken, and a large quantity of potatoes have been planted, of which commodity the sales during the season have exceeded that of any previous year." E mea ana te kai tuhituhi ki te Nupepa Atariria, ki nga ahua o tenei whenua. A ko ana kupu mo Ahuriri, koia nei ana whakaaro. " He iwi kakama nga tangata o Ahuriri, a e 3000 o nga tangata o reira. Otiia he tini nga mea o te Pakeha e mahia ana e aua 3000 tangata. Ahakoa e hara a Nepia i te Taone tawhito : e hohoro ana te nui o nga mea o reira. A e toru Nupepa o reira. Kotahi o aua . Nupepa, na nga Maori o taua whenua. A ko nga korero o taua Nupepa : he mea reo Maori tetahi taha o nga kupu o roto. He mea hoki i peneitia ai hei ako i nga Maori, ki ano i mohio ki te reo Pakeha. A ki ano nga pakeka o ratou i mohio noa ki te reo Pakeha. Ko nga taitamariki anake, ko nga mea e akona ana ki nga Kura Maori nga mea kua mohio. Ki te taha ki te Tonga o Nepia te papaku e rangona ana ko Ahuriri, a e 80,000 (e waru tekau mano eka). He whenua tino pai pu taua whenua. I te mea hoki kia rima, a he mea ano e whitu hipi mo te eka kotahi. He whenua pai ano hoki, hei ngakinga i nga mea katoa a te Pakeha, a kahore he hoha a te kai ngaki ki te mahi mea hei whakamomona mo taua whenua nei, ara, ko te wahi rahi na nga Maori." He nui noa atu nga kupu tito- tito a taua kai tuhituhi. A writer in the " Australasian" of some sketchy articles called " New Zealand as it is," has the following- in the last issue to hand concerning this Province. Speak- ing of Napier it says :—" It has a busy population of some 3000, souls, and even more than the average number of those social and useful institutions which every young community endeavors to establish. Napier has also three newspapers, in one of which some Maori chiefs in the neighborhood have an interest^ if not the sole ownership ; and they print a portion of their newspaper in the ancient tongue, for the information and instruction of those among them who have not become acquainted with English an accomplishment which only the young children in the schools intended for the Native race have acquired. South from Napier lie the Ahuriri plains, some 80,000 acres in extent, of the finest land possible. One acre of pasture land there maintains from five to seven long-woolled sheep all the year round, while crops of all kinds can be grown to the greatest perfection without manure. These plains are chiefly or wholly in the hands of the Natives." Many of his sketches are full of similar inaccuracies. E mea ana te kai tuhituhi ki te Nupepa Rangitikei Apoketa " Kua Mutu to tautohe a nga Maori, me te Kawanatanga atu ano i Pokitaone tae noa ki Pamutana, ko Puutu te tangata i kiia mo te taha Kawanatanga, a ko Te Piira mo te taha kia Peeti Te Awe ma, a he mea korero a ratou korero i te whare a Te Pura, i te Hatarei nei. Roa noa te korero, oti ana nga korero. A ko tenei, ko te mutunga ko a ratou ingoa kia tuhituhia ki te pukapuka. Heoi ra ko te tino otinga, kia titiro tatou, me kore ranei e mahia aua Rerewei nei e te Kawanatanga, kia wawe ai te tino oti, kia haerea o to iwi, me nga kai kia utaina ki taua ara hei kawe ki whenua ke. The Foxton correspondent of the " Rangitikei Advocate" says :—The disputes between the Natives and the Govern- ment concerning the laying of the iron rails, and also the extension of the telegraph from here to Palmerston have terminated. Mr. Booth, as agent for the Government, and Mr. Butler, on behalf of the obstructor, the aboriginal Lord of the Manor, Peeti ;Te Awe, Esq., met at the resi- dence of the latter gentleman on Saturday last, when, at a meeting which lasted till after midnight, the preliminaries of peace were agreed on, arid this morning the necessary documents were to be signed, so that now it only remains to be seen whether of not the Government will prosecute the works earnestly." E mea ana te Panui a Te Kawanatanga, ko a te 21, o nga ra o Oketopa te tu ai te Whakawa a Te Kooti Wha- kawa Whenua Maori, i te Taone o Taranaki. A koia nei nga ingoa o nga tangata, me nga ingoa o ta whenua e Whakawakia e taua Kooti. Ko Hoera Porepore, raua ko Harata Pikia, e mea ana kia riro i a raua te whenua. Ko " Moturoa " te ingoa, e tata ana ki te Taone o Taranaki. Koia nei nga rohe. " I Moturoa i te taha ki te tonga o te Tuihana i te whenua o te Waitere. A ko Hoera Porepore ko Harata Pikia e mea ana, kia riro i a raua te whenua. Ko "Ratapihi" te ingoa, e tata ana ki te Taone o Tarana- ki, koia nei nga rohe. "I te taha ki tonga o te raina o Paritutu, i ko atu o te whenua a Tiki Parete. A e whakawakia ana ano nga whenua o te hunga mate. E mea ana a Wi Rape Takarangi maana te whenua a Mata Rangiwhakawahia i Waitara, a Paratene Wiro, ki aia te whenua a Kara mikia i Waitara, a Ihaka Turoro maana te whenua a Ihaka Numana i Waitara ki te auru. a Ihaka Turoro e mea ana maana te whenua a Ihaka Numana, raua ko Te Numana, i Waitara ki te Auru, a Tahapa e mea ana maana to whenua a Te Retiu i Te Hua, e mea ana a Karipa maana to whenua a Pereniki i Mango- raka. TE KORERO A NGA MEMA O TE PAREMATA, MO NGA WHENUA I HERETAUNGA. I mea atu a Hiana ki te Paremata, kia rapurapua e nga Mema o te Paremata nga tikanga o nga kupu a nga Maori o Heretaunga, mo a ratou whenua i riro i te Pakeha. Ke tino nui no ana tikanga koia aia te Hiana i mea ai, ki te mea ka noho kupu kore aia, ka tino herawa tana mahi no- ho hangu. I korero a Te Riana i nga kupu a Te Tapata i ki ki te Paremata i mua kia turia te tahi komihana hei whaka- wa mo aua whenua. A no te tini o nga mea. e ko- rerotia ana i roto i nga Paremata, koia pea i kore ai ano e korerotia taua mea o te tau 1873, a tae noa mai nei ki tenei tau 1875. A he kino ki te mea e kore ano o korerotia i te turanga o tenei Paremata. Ka tekau ma ono pea nga tau o te Porowini o Hoku Pei, i kiia ai he Porowini. A ko nga mahi ki te taha Maori i roto i nga tau tekau ma tahi he mea mahi na To Minita Maori (Ta Tanara Makarini) raua ko te Mema mo Karaewe (Te Omana). I aua ra na te Maori te nuinga o nga whenua i i Heretaunga. A no te mea. he Maori aua Maori kihai i i tino noho i te taha Pakeha. Koia ratou i kuare ai ki o te Pakeha mahi, me o te Pakeha tikanga. Na reira aua Maori i kuare ai ki nga tikanga o nga Ture o te Kooti Whakawa Whenua Maori. A oho rawa ake te mohio o aua Maori noho taute ana ratou i te Pakeha. Na reira i ahua pau more more ai nga whenua o. reira i te Pakeha. A ko nga take i riro ai, tena pea e kete- kete te Paremata ana rongo ki aua take. E tino mea pu ana tawa whakaaro, na Te Kooti Whakawa Whenua Maori ana he, i te mea hoki kihai taua Kooti i ata mahi marire i aua mea. Na Te Kooti Whakawa Whenua. Maori te take i pangia ai nga Maori o Heretaunga e te kino, a i rangona kinotia ai ano hoki te Porowini o Haku Pei. A ko tana ku- pu whakahe hei korero mana ki tenei Paremata: he kupu whakahe maana mo aua Kooti. A korero ana a te Hiana i nga mahi i mahia ai nga whenua a te Maori, i riro ai i te ho- ko. I nga mahi i noho raru ai nga Maori, ki nga kai hoko
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Te Wananga. waipiro, ki nga kai tiaki toa hoko taonga. A i nga mahi i mokete ai nga Maori i a ratou whenua, a muri iho i te mokete ko te tino hoko, i riro ai nga whenua a te Maori i te Pakeha, a kihai rawa nei te Maori i mohio ki nga tika- nga o tenei mea o te mokete. Ko nga ra o enei ta mahi i mahia ai, i timata i te tau 1867, tae noa ki te tau 1872. A i roto i aua ra, he mea ano e haurangi tonu ana nga Maori, kahore he mauri i oho ki te mahara. A he riro opa mai to taonga me te waipiro i aua ra te homai e te Pa- keha ma nga Maori. A ko te tino mea be rawa, koia nei, ko nga Maori kitia i mokete i hoko ranei, ko nga whenua a aua Maori i riro i te mahi maminga a etahi Pakeha te mahi nukarau, kotahi mahi he a tetahi Pakeha ko Te Wiremu. I kiia e mahi ako ana aia i te taha Maori. Otiia i mahi hoko whenua ano aia, mana ano, ma Hamuera Wiremu. Ko Te Omana. (Ko te Mema mo Karaewe) ko Tanara, ko Te Rata, me tetahi Pakeha ano ko Kotana, he hunga hoka whenua katoa aua Pakeha. A kia tuhi tuhi ai ana hoa nga tangata no ratou tahi te wahi whenua i hoatu aia te £500 room, a nana i mea ana hoa kia tuhi tuhi i te tuku o te whenua. A mari iho he mea mea kia tin o riro taua whenua i te hoko. Ahakoa kua kiia, kaua tetahi o ratou e hoko, i nga ra o te katoa ki ano i rongo noa, a i wha- kaae ki te hoko. A korero ana a Te Hiana i te mea a Tareha a te Pakeha a Paaki, a Te Tuati Pakeha, nana nei te mea kia hokona e ia a Heretaunga, ako Te Hemara, ko Kirinara, ko Te Wokena nga kai whakamaori. I korerotia ano hoki e Te Hiana tetahi reta a Te Hemara kia Ta Tanara Makarini, mo nga mahi a Te Wokena, i whakahangia e Te Hemara. A he nui nga kupu whakahe mo Te Wokena, ki ano nei i whakawakia. A korero aua A Te Hiana i te mahi i mahia ai a Heretaunga kia tine hokona rawatia. A i nga moni £ 3500 i homai kia Henare Tomoana raua ko Karaitiana, hei utu kia mahi ai raua kia riro ai tana whenua i te hoko. A kihai hoki etahi o nga tangata na ratou nga ingoa i te Karauna Karaati nao tana whenua ; i rongo ki aua moni £3600, i kiia nei e te Pakeha kia hoatu kia Henare Tomoana raua ko Karaitiana. He mea hoki aua moni, kia riro ai a Heretaunga mo nga mohi £ 13, 500, mo nga eka whenua 19,000 (te kau ma ono mano.) A me korero aia i nga moni i riro ki nga Maori mo taua whenua, £15000, anake nga moni pakeke i riro, he nama Wai- piro etahi, he taonga etahi. A i amu amu nga Maori mo tana mui, i riro nga moni i te utu nama. A he mea uta ki nga £700, kia kore ai e korero nga Maori. He roa noa atu nga korero a Te Hiana, mo te hoko he a te Pakeha i nga whenua o te Maori i Haku Pei, a i korero ano aia i nga korero i tuhi tuhia e Tiati Retimana raua ko Te Manene i nga korero i korerotia i te whakawa i te Komihana i Heretaunga. He mea hoki na Te Hiana i korero ai i aua korero kia kitea ai te he o nga mahi i mamingatia ai nga Maori o Heretaunga kia hokona a rato- u whenua e ratou ki te Pakeha. He mea ano i tuhi tuhia nga ingoa o nga tamariki ki nga Ruri o te hoko mo te whenua. He mea ano ko nga ingoa o te hunga e takoto mate ana. I mea aia a Te Hiana e hara te Ture Whenua Maori o te tau 1870 i te Ture tiaki i te Maori, engari he Ture tiaki kore taua Tare. E mea ana aia ko nga Kai Whakamaori o wha e noho nei i Nepia, e tu take kore ana ratou i a ratou turanga Kai Whakamaori. A e pouri ana aia a Te Hiana, no te mea, kahore he mea a Te Minita mo nga Maori, me Te Omana, i mahi i tetahi mea e riro ai te tika ki nga Maori. He mea hoki pea, e he ana raua, i a rana hoko whenua i nga Maori. Kua riro i To Minita Maori nga mano eka e rua te kau, a ko aua whenua mei tika te mahi, penei kaa riro i te Kawanatanga. A mea ata ana a Te Hiana ki Te Paremata, me penei he kupa ma te Pare- mata nei. E ki ana te kupu a Te Paremata nei, e pouri ana tenei Paremata mo nga mahi tahae a te Pakeha i a ratou mahi Whenua. Ka mea a Ta Tanara Makarini, Ka he te whenua katoa nei i nga korero a Te Hiana, ara, te Koroni katoa. He mea hoki e ako ana i nga Mauri, kia whakateka ratou ki a ratou mahi hoko katoa. Kahore kau he take o nga kupu a Te Hiana, mo nga hoko whenua a aana a Ta Tanara Makarini. No te mea i hokona aua whenua i nga ra o Kawaua Kerei e Kawana ana. A kahore kau he kupu amuamu a nga Maori mo aua hoko whenua aana a Ta Tanara Makarini. Kahore kau aana pai ki nga Kooti Whakawa Whenua Maori ; he pai mei waiho ma Te Kawanatanga anake e hoko nga whenua a te Maori. I te mea hoki e pai ana kia hoko te tini o te Pakeha i nga whenua Maori, a he aha te he ona o Ta Tanara Makarini i tana hoko- nga i nga whenua maana. A ko nga kupu a Te Hiana mo te whenua ino Heretaunga. A i korero a Te Hiana i nga korero a Te Tiati Retimana raua ko Te Manene, i a raua kupu i rapurapu ai rana i nga tikanga o te hoko o Here- taunga, a i mea rana, kahore he he o taua mahi. A ko nga kupu i takea ai taua uiui mo te hokonga o Heretaunga, ko aua kupu whakapae, kihai i pono, ranei kihai i kitea te tika o aua kupu whakapae. ' Ko te take a Te Hiana e mahi nei, e hara i te rapu kia mahia nga mahi he kia tika, engari, he ako i te tikanga whakakahore i nga mahi hoko a te Maori ki te Pakeha. Kei roto i nga kupu a aua Komihana, nga kupu utu mo nga korero katoa, o te korero e whakapaea nei e Te Hiana, he kupu era hei tautoko i nga mahi a nga Maori. Ka korero hoki a Ta Hori Kerei. A i tino whakaae aia ki te tika o nga korero a Te Hiana. Ka mea a Te Omana, he kupu whakahe nga korero a Te Hiana i ana hoa tautohe. E nara taua tu mahi i te mahi hou. Ho mahi whakaiti taua tu mahi nei i te mana o nga Mema o te Paremata, no te mea he tangata utu tau a Te Hiana na etahi tangata. A e utua tautia ana a To Hiana e nga, tangata e rangona ana. " Ko to Runanga Whaka- kahore i te hoko. " E mea ana Te Hiana, he tito taku kupu. Otiia e mea ana ahau a Te Omana, kotahi o aku hoa Pakeha i haere kia Te Hiana, a mea atu ana ai», kia akona taua Pakeha e Te Hiana. A mea atu ana aia taua Pakeha me utu a Te Hiana eia. A he mea whakakahore taua tono a tana Pakeha a te Rangatira a Te Hiana e Henare Rata, no te mea e utua ana a Te Hiana mo taua ako i te taha kia Henare Rata ma. Ka mea a Te Hiana, he hori kau aua kupu a Te Omana. Ka mea ano a Te Omana. ' He mea korero pu ano nga tikanga mo nga mahi a " Ngati-whakakahore hoko " i Nepia, a he tini nga whakawa i tukua e ratou ki nga Kooti, a hore nei te mea kotahi i puta kia ratou te papa. Ka mea atu a Te Omana ki te Paremata. Oti ranei, ka whakaae koutou te Paremata ki nga kupu korero a Te Hiana, a ko nga korero a Tiati Retimana raua ko Te Manene, ka whakarerea e koutou. I mea hoki raua a Te Retimana ma, (a e rima wiki o raua i whakawa ai i aua whakawa,) a i mea raua, kahore kau he take he e tau ki nga Pakeha kai hoko i nga whenua. A ko te take 1 turia ai taua whakawa, o hara i te mea, he he te mea i rapua kia whakatikaina, otiia he mea kia whakahengia nga mea tika.' A korero ana a Te Omana i nga mahi katoa o te hokonga o Heretaunga. A ki taana korero e hara i te mea utu taua whenua ki nga moni £1,500. Otiia i korerotia ki te aroaro o te Komihana, a he mea Oati aua korero. Ko nga utu i utua ai a Here- taunga £21,000 (e rua tekau ma tahi mano) tino moni pakeke. A korero ana a Te Omana i nga kupu whakapae katoa a To Hiana, a i whakahe aia ki aua kupu katoa. I mea a Te Omana kahore kau he whakawa, kotahi i riro i a Te Hiana ma, i roto i nga Kooti Whakawa : whai hoki e kore ano e taea eia te mahi whakahe i nga Mema o te Paremata. Kihai i whakaetia te tono a Te Hiana. He mea ki a kupu, te ki kia kahore. DEBATE ON NATIVE LANDS IN HAWKE'S BAY. Mr. Sheehan called the attention of the House to com- plaints of Natives of Hawke's Bay as to the manner ia which they have been treated by certain Europeans in reference to their lands. The matter was of such great importance that it would be criminal in him to remain
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Te Wananga. silent. The hon. gentleman referred to the Bill introduced by the member for Timaru for appointing a commission to enquire into certain land transactions in Hawke's Bay. Owing to various causes the question had been shelved since 1873, but he thought it would be a great pity if this Parliament dissolved without re-considering the matter. Some sixteen years ago Hawke's Bay had been created under the New Province Act, and for the next eleven years the whole control of the affairs of that Province had been in the hands of the gentlemen, now Native Minister, and the present member for Clive. At that time the bulk of land around Napier belonged to the Natives, who, from their previous isolation from civilising influences, were about the most ignorant of all the Natives in the colony, and they consequently never had that correct appreciation of the operation of the Native Lands Act until it was too I late. The result was that the Native title there was I almost completely extinguished, and the land had passed away from them to Europeans under circumstances which the House must deplore. He was perfectly satisfied the Native Lands Courts were to a great extent answerable for this, through not having done their duty. It was these Courts that were answerable for inflicting great evils upon the Natives, and giving Hawke's Bay such an unenviable notoriety. It was of these Courts he wished to complain to the House. The hon. gentleman went into details to show how the Natives parted with their lands. How they first got into debt to the publican and storekeepers, and how mortgages and conveyances rapidly followed, and the Natives became dispossessed of their land without ever once having a glimmering idea of the incidence of mortgages. This state of things continued from 1867 to 1872, certain periods of the time being one continuous drunk amongst the Natives, who could obtain stores, pro- visions, and liquor with fatal facility. The worst feature of these transactions was that a great many Natives, who were no parties to giving these mortgages, were deprived of their lands for ever through the machinations of a few designing Europeans, who were known as " The Ring.'* There was one glaring instance, where a Mr. Williams, who outwardly was supposed to be acting in the interest of the Natives in one of these transactions, yet was per- sonally interested in the transaction, while he, instead of being a disinterested person, who was instructing the Maoris, and looking after their interests, was really making the bargain for himself and Samuel Williams. Ormond (the member for Clive), Tanner, Russell, and, he believed, a gentleman named Gordon, were all interested in the land speculations. In order to induce one of the grantees to sign, and to get the other grantees to sign, he was secretly paid £500 as a bribe to get his co-grantees to sign, which he did. In about twelve months after, an attempt was made to secure the freehold, though it had been agreed that none of the grantees could sell without consent of the other. The hon. gentleman then related at length the history of the cases of Tareha and of Parker ; of the transaction of Stewart, who endeavored to purchase the freehold of the Heretaunga block through Messrs. Hamlin, Grindell, and Worgan. He read a letter from Mr. Hamlin to the Native Minister condemning the doings of Worgan, and making a grave charge against him, which had never yet been investigated. The hon. gentleman referred to the attempts to affect a purchase of the Heretaunga block, and mentioned that £3,500 had been paid to Henare Tomoana and Karaitiana (his brother), as a bribe, unknown to the rest of the grantees, to cause the sale of the block to be effected for a sum of £13,500 for about 16,000 acres. To show what the sellers of the block had out of their own transaction, ne mentioned that, as only about £1,500 remained out of £13,500, after debts for grog and stores were paid, the Natives, who were dissatisfied at not having received any of the money, had to be silenced by being paid £700 hush money. He continued for about an hour on the abuses in Native lands purchases in Hawke's Bay, quoting largely from the evidence taken before Judges Richmond and Manning, regarding the Heretaunga block, to show that the Natives had been in- duced to part with their land in a most improper manner; that sometimes the signatures of children ana bed-ridden Natives being obtained. He considered the Native Land Act of 1870, instead of protecting the Natives, had the very opposite effect. He maintained that, of the four interpreters then at Hawke's Bay, not one was worthy of his position, and expressed great regret that the Native Minister and Mr. Ormond had not done anything to obtain redress for the Natives, but that their arms were palsied by their own transactions in Native lands. The Native Minister had acquired, some twenty thousand acres, which should have been public property. The hon. gentleman concluded by moving a resolution to the effect that the House expressed regret at the dishonest dealings of Euro- peans respecting these lands. Sir Donald M'Lean said the assertions of Mr. Sheehan were injurious to the whole colony, and an encouragement to Natives to repudiate all their engagements. There was no foundation for Mr. Sheehan's assertions regarding his land purchases, which were effected during Sir George Grey's term of office, and left no feeling of discontent on either side. Ho did not approve of the Native Lands Court, and believed it would be better for the Natives if the Government had continued to exercise the right of pre-emption under the Native Lands Act. Any private individual could purchase lands, and he failed to see why there should be considered anything improper in availing oneself of the provisions of the Act. Regarding Mr. Sheehan's assertions with respect to the Heretaunga block, the hon. gentleman quoted from the report by Judges Richmond and Manning, and the Commissioners appointed to enquire into the question, to show that they bad no doubt as to the fairness of the transaction. The charges which formed the subject of inquiry had been either not proved, or were discovered to be entirely unfounded. The action of the Natives, as instigated by Mr. Sheehan, was founded on a desire to repudiate their action generally, rather than seek for redress for any particular grievance. The Commissioner's report was the most complete answer to the imputation of Mr. Sheehan, who, there was no doubt, had been speaking in the interests of his clients. Sir George Grey spoke strongly in favor of Mr. Sheehan's motion. Mr. Ormond characterised Mr. Sheehan's statements as a discreditable attempt to damage the reputation of po- litical opponents. It was a new thing, and derogatory for a member of that House to appeal as a paid advocate of persons, for the hon. gentleman received a yearly salary to conduct the proceedings of those people known as the " Repudia- tion Party." Mr. Sheehan denied this, but Mr. Ormond cited an instance in which a friend of his offered a fee to Mr. Sheehan for certain legal advice, but that Mr. Sheehan was forbidden by his " Master," the Hon. H. R. Russell, to take it, au he was the paid legal adviser on the other side. Mr. Sheehan also denied this. Mr. Ormond continued, saying the Repudiation Office in Hawkes Day was regularly organised and had brought many cases into Court, but never yet gained a single one. He asked the House if they would accept the special pleadings of Mr. Sheehan against the decisions of such men as Judges Richmond and Manning, who, for five weeks, examined into all these charges, and who decided that no good ground of complaint had been sustained against the purchasers, and that the proceedings had been commenced rather from a desire to repudiate than from any just cause of complaint. The hon. gentleman gave the whole history of the purchase of the block, and said that, instead of Natives receiving only about £1,500 for seventeen thousand acres, the sworn evidence before the Commissioners showed that they had received £21,000 hard cash. The hon. gentleman, after repeling all the accusations and insinuations of Mr. Sheehan, concluding
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Te Wananga. by saying that he failed in every attempt, made by him in the Supreme Court, so had he failed in this attempt to blacken the character of members of that House. The motion was negatived on the voices. -" H. B. Herald." HE PANUITANGA HE mea atu tenei, ko nga nama a te iwi katoa kia mana me utu mai e te hunga i a ratou ana nama, i roto i nga wiki e rua, i muri iho o te panuita- nga o tenei panui. Ki te kore e utua i roto i aua ra, ka tamanatia ki te Kooti Whakawa. MAKEREHI RAUA KO HANATI. Mira hui paraoa, i Karaiwa ki te Hau-auru. Hepetema 30, 1875. 110 HE PANUI. E hoa ma, e nga tangata Maori, Pakeha hoki, ki te haere mai koutou ki te tiki hoiho mai i te Patiki i Pakowhai nei, kaua hei haere tahae ki te tiki hoiho i roto i taua Patiki, me haere mai kia au whakarite ai, koi poka hoa ki te hoiho a tetahi tangata. NA PIRIPI MAKI. Pakowhai Oketopa, 5, 1875. 113 NOTICE. THEREBY caution all parties having cattle or horses in the Pakowhai paddocks against removing them without my authority. This notice is to prevent the removal of others than those belonging to appli- cants. PIRIPI MAKI, Manager for KARAITIANA TAKAMOANA. 112 NASH & DAVIES, PAINTERS, GRAINERS, SIGN WRITERS, AND HOUSE DECORATORS, WAIPUKURAU. White Lead, Oils, Glass, Paperhangings, &c., at the cheapest possible rates, always on sale. 45 NAHI RAUA KO REWETI. He kai Peita whare, he kai mahi Karaihe ki nga Wini, He kai tuhituhi ingoa, he kai mahi Kia pai a roto o nga whare, KEI WAIPUKURAU. He Peita ma, He Hinu, be Pepa-whare, kei a raua mo te utu iti. 45 KUA PAUNATIA I HERETAUNGA. NA KAPENE RATA, Oketopa 4. He hoiho uha, he mangu, e hapu ana, he tiwha te rae, ko te parani .he R i te peke katau.. He mea haeana nga waewae, 15 ringa te tiketike. He hoiho uha, he whero, he tiwha te rae. ko te parani HM i te peke maui, 15 ringa te tiketike. He hoiho uha, he tu-a-kuao, he whero, he tiwha te rae, 12 ringa te tiketike. Kahore he parani e kitea. Ka hokona a te Weneti te 20, b Oketopa, ki to mea ia e koro e tikina mai. WIREMU KURU WINI. Kai tiaki Pauna. Oketopa 6, 1875. 111 KUA PAUNATIA I HAWHERAKA. NA TE RINI. He Hoiho uha, he hina, 14 ringa te tiketike, ko nga waewae o muri kua haeanatia. Ko te Parani i penei me te ripeka me te M i raro o taua ripeka i te Peke maui; he tiwha te rae. He hoiho poka, he whero, 14 ringa te tike tike. He ma tetahi wahi o te tuara, i te wahi e kapi ana i te tera i te taha maui. E toti ana te waewae o mua i te taha katau, ko te parani he H M i te peke maui. He hoiho poka, he hina 14 ringa te tike tike. He toti te waewae o mua i te taha katau, kahore he parani e kitea. TAMATI RENANA, Kai tiaki Pauna. Oketopa 7, 1875. 114 HE PANUITANGA. He Panuitanga tenei, kia mohiotia ai ; ko a te Mane te 11, o nga ra o Oketopa 1875, me etahi, ra i muri iho, te tu ai ano te Kooti Whakawa Whenua Maori i te Taone o Nepia, hei whakawa i nga whenua kihai i mahia i tera turanga o te" Kooti. • NA TE ROKENA, Tiati o te Kooti Whakawa Whenua Maori. Tari o Te Kooti Whakawa Whenua Maori, Nepia, 8 Oketopa, 1875. 115 N O T ICE. NOTICE is hereby given that the adjourned sitting of the Native Lands Court from Waipaoa, will take place at Napier on MONDAY, the 11th October, 1875, and following days! JUDGE ROGAN, Judge Native Lands Court. Native Lands Court Office, Napier, 8th October, 1875. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_116 P. MARUNI, TOA HOKO I NGA KAI KATOA, i Hehitinga Tiriti, i Nepia. MAANA e hoko ki nga Maori nga taonga pai, a ne iti te utu o aana taonga. E hoko ana aia i nga Kaanga, me te Hei a nga Maori, a he utu nui taana; Whaihoki he moni pakeke te utu. Na P. MARUNI. 12
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Te Wananga. Pateriki Kahikuru, Kai hanga Tera, me nga hanga katoa mo nga Kiiki, me nga Kaata, Kei Taipo, (Taratera.) KEI aia, i nga wa katoa nga Tera pai rawa, Hanihi, Wepu, Kipa, me era mea e kore e taea te tatau. Ko ta PATERIKI KAHIKURU te whare ngawari rawa mo te Hanihi Paki, Kiki, Toki Kaata, Piringi Kaata, Terei, Parau hoki, Peke Tera hoki. Ko enei mea katoa e hanga ana i roto i taua toa ; ko te reta i tino pai rawa, e kore e kitea i roto i te motu nei, he mea pai atu, Haere mai kia kite tonu a koutou kanohi a tera e paingia» Kia marama ki te whare. Ko te PATERIKI KAHI- KURU whare, Tera, Hanihi, hanga Kara, kei Taipo, (Taratera.) 17 \_ Hone Maki Pe, Kai hanga Tera, me nga mea katoa mo nga Hoiho mahi, Kei tawahi ake o te Uniana Peeki tana Haapu i Nepia. KO te tino Haapu iti te utu o Nepia mo nga mea penei. 19 Panui ki nga Maori o Heretaunga. KEI TE WHARE HOKO A Te Houra, I TAWAHI AKE O TE POTAWHE I NEPIA. NGA Parau, Whakarawe Hoiho to Kaata Me nga mea mo nga Kiki Me nga Tera Pikau taonga Tera Taane Tera Wahine Paraire Wepu Mo nga mea katoa mo tenei mea mo te Hoiho. He iti te utu mo aua mea nei Na TE HOURA, Nepia. 23 T A K E N A MA, WAIPAOA, HE NUI NOA ATU A RATOU TINI KAKAHU ME NGA MEA PERA He mea uta hou mai aua mea A HE MEA TINO PAT Kahore he taonga i pai ke ake I TE POROWINI NEI He iti te utu mehemea he MONI PAKETE Ta te tangata e haere mai ai ki te hoko. 67 I TE TOA TAWHITO A TATANA I NEPIA. HE mea, kua tae a A. MANOE ki nga waahi katoa o te whenua nei, a kua kohia eia nga tini taonga katoa. ME nga WAINA, me nga RAMA tino pai ; a ho iti tu utu. 57 Ko H. KATA, MA. KAI HANGA WHARE, E NOHO ANA, i Nepia nei, TERA aia e pai ki te whakarite i nga mahi hangu whare ma nga tangata Maori o i te Porowini o Haku Pei. Na H. KATA, MA. 3
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280 Te Wananga. Kia kite! Kia kite!! Kia kite!!! KAI HOKO TAONGA, HEHITINGA TIRITI, NEPIA, E ki ana, mana rawa ano te hoko iti o te taonga o nga Toa katoa o Nepia. E ki atu aua aia ki nga Maori. Kaua e whakarongo ki ta te taringa e rongo ai, engari ano ki ta te kanohi e kite ai. 28 N. P. PARANITE. TE TARI O TE WANANGA. A muri iho o te 28 Hurae, KEI HEHITINGA TIRITI. I NEPIA, i te Tari i taia ai te Haku Pei Taima. Ko te Kai hoko mo te Nupepa TE WANANGA Ko KARATI ma, KAI HOKO PUKAPUKA, Hehitinga Tiriti, Nepia. THE WANANGA OFFICE will after this date be at HASTINGS-STREET, NAPIER, where the Hawke's Bay Times was formerly published. Agents for Napier— COLLEDGE & CO. STATIONERS, Hastings-street, Napier.