TE WAEA MAORI

O NIU TIRANI.

"KO TE TIKA, KO TE PONO, KO TE AROHA."

VOL. 9.]

PO NEKE, WENEREI, OKETOPA 29, 1873.

[No. 16.

HE KUPU WHAKAATU KI NGA HOA TUHI MAI.

He moni tuku mai enei mo te nupepa, 1873-74 :—

£ s. d.
Kini Rum, Molyneux, Otakou ... O 10 O
Teone Tinri, Putiki, Whanganui ... 010 O
Whata Korari, Waikekeru, Flat Point,

Te Rawhiti ... ... .., O Io O

Matana Piki, Kaiapoi ... ... O 10 O

Horomona. Hapai, Tokomaru, Te

Rawhiti ... ... ... O 10 O

Hori Waiti, Tokomaru, Te Rawhiti ... 010 O
Pine Wahapeka, Tokomaru, Te Rawhiti O 10 O
Angikiha Hauauru, Whanganui ... O 10 O
Te Watene te Rangiwatitua, Whanganui O 10 O
Arapeta Haeretuterangi, Whanganui... O 10 O
Te Metera, Whanganui ... ... O 10 O

Kawana Paipai, Whanganui ... O 10 O
Hori Kerei Paipai, Whanganui ... O 10 O
Ihaka te Iringa, Whanganui ... O 10 O
Thomas Montgomery , Esq., Whanganui O 10 O
Taka raua ko Tuatini, Whanganui ... 010 O
G. H. Wirihana, Werengitana ... O 10 O
Rev. H. T. Hira, Minita, Weretanga O 10 O

£900

Ko Hatarei Te Roiroi o Tamahere, Waikato, e mea ana ki a
matou korero whakaatu mo Hori Tiwene i etahi Waka, te
tohunga nana i kite nga tikanga i mahia ai tenei hanga te
rerewe, e mea ana kua kite pu ona kanohi i te mahi nui a te iwi
Pakeha—ara, he repo kei Waikato, e 3,000 eka te rahi. Ko
taua repo ma te aha e haere i. mua ai. Inaianei na te mahi a
te pakeha kua mimiti, kua haere te hipi, te kau, me te parau.
Ko te wai i tukua ki te awa ki Waikato. I etahi tau kei muri
ake kua kore e kiia he repo engari he tuawhenua no mua iho.
E ki ana a Hatarei he koanga no tona ngakau kia rongo i nga
whai hanga a te Pakeha ; tena ko ta te Maori o tohutohu nei i
roto i te Waka Maori, tau ana te hoha—kaore he pononga o te
waiata, me nga hui maori, me ana kai, me ana aha atu. E mea
ana mai hoki kia taia atu e matou te tikanga o to hokohoko o
nga toa ; me nga mea hokohoko katoa, kia mohio ai ia i runga.
i te hoko. E kore matou e mohio ki te whakaatu i te tikanga
o te hokohoko i nga wahi katoa o te Koroni, no te mea he rere
ke i tetahi wahi, he rere ke i tetahi wahi—kaore he tikanga.
tumau i nga wahi katoa. Me uiui a Hatarei i roto i nga toa o
tona kainga, me titiro hoki ki roto ki nga nupepa o tona kainga.

Ko te roto a Wiremu Pauro Te Whetu kua tukua atu ki te
Tari o te Minita mo te taha Maori.

Koia tenei te marama hei homaitanga i te moni a Hemi

Paama.

ANSWERS AND NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Subscriptions received, 1873-4 :—

£ s. d.
Kini Ruru, Molynex, Otago... ... 010 0

John Jury, Putiki, Whanganui ... O 10 O
Whata Korari, Waikekerau, Flat Point

East Coast ... ... ... O IO O

Matana Piki, Christchurch ... ... O 10 O

Horomona Hapai, Tokomaru, East Coast 0 10 O
Hori Waiti, Tokomaru, East Coast ... O 10 O
Pine Wahapeka, Tokomaru, East Coast O IO O
Angikiha Hauauru, Whanganui ... O 10 O
Te Watene te Rangiwatitua, Whanganui O 10 O
Arapeta Haeretuterangi, Whanganui... O 10 O
To Metera, Whanganui ... ... O 10 O

Kawana Paipai, Whanganui ... O 10 O
Hori Kerei Paipai, Whanganui ... O 10 O
Ihaka te Iringa, Whanganui ... O 10 O
Thomas Montgomery, Esq., Whanganui O 10 O
Taka and Tuatini, Whanganui ... O 10 O
G. II. Wilson, Esq., Wellington ... 010 o
Rev. H. St. Hill, Wellington ... O IO O

£900

Hatarei To Roiroi, of Tamahere, Waikato, alluding to a
biographical memoir, given in some late issues of the Waka,
of George Stephenson, the celebrated railway engineer says he
has had " ocular demonstration " of the skill and ingenuity of
the Pakeha in draining a very bad swamp in the Waikato
district, some 3,000 acres in extent. In olden times the swamp
in question, was utterly impassable, but, by the labour of the
Pakeha, the water has been let into the Waikato River, and now
it is traversed by sheep, cattle, and the plough. In years to
come it will not bo thought that it had ever been a swamp, but
always firm land. Hatarei exprecssed his gratification in reading
accounts of Pakeha inventions and works of skill, and hid
contempt for the productions of Maori scribblers who write to
the Waka Maori—he is sick of their songs, and meetings, and
feasts, and so forth. He asks us to publish the prices of mer-
chandize selling in the stores, and of marketable commodities
generally, so that he may bo " wise in dealing." We cannot
pretend to give the prices of marketable commodities in various
parts of the Island, as they vary in different places—there is no
fixed price applicable to the whole Colony. Hatarei must
inquire at the stores in his district, and look into the local
papers for the information he requires.

The letter of William Pauro Te Whetu has been sent to the
office of the Hon. the Native Minister.

James Palmer's subscription is duo this month.

134

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

Ko Hori Te Tauri, Hoani Pahiroa, me Rawiri Kahia, e
whakaatu mai aua ki a matou no te 30 o nga ra o Hurae kua
taha nei i oti ai tetahi pa nui i a ratou ko to ratou iwi ko te
Rangiita ki Waitetoko, Tauranga. Te take i hangaia ai he
ngakau tupato ki nga rongo kohuru a Waikato, hei hapai hoki i
te ringa kaha o te Kuini e kaupehi nei i nga kino o te motu, kia
iwi kotahi, kia karaiti kotahi, kia mana kotahi—Maori, Pakeha
hoki. Katahi ka korerotia e ratou te hakari ki ro pa, me te
nuinga o te kai, me te whakaturanga o te haki o te Kuini i roto
i te pa, me te umere a te katoa. He Hau Hau no Taupo etahi
tangata i reira, a ka mea o ratou rangatira ka nui to ratou koa
rao te otinga o taua pa; ko "wai ka mohio ki te kohuru a
Waikato a muri ako nei ? Koia ratou i koa ai ki taua pa hei 
huihuinga mo ratou, kei pera to ratou matenga me te matenga
i a te Kooti i runga i te tupato kore me te kuaretanga.

Ko Hohaia Rangiauru o Motueka, o te Porowini o Nerehana,
e ki mai ana ka nui te mate o nga maori i te tikanga o te
hokohoko a nga pakeha toa o Motueka. E ki ana he iti rawa
te utu e homai ana mo a ratou witi, oti, taewa, me etahi atu
mea e whakatupuria ana e ratou. Hua noa he moni tinana e
homai ana, kaore ia, he hanga te mea e homai ana—he paipa he
tupeka, he ti he huka, he kakahu. Kaore rawa he hikipene
kotahi noa nei e homai ana. Tetahi mate e korerotia ana e
Hohaia, ko a ratou kai ka pau atu i nga pakeha hei utu mo nga
taonga o riro mai ana i a ratou, ka toe te pauna katahi, ka rua
pea wiki e takoto ana kua tono nga pakeha ki te moni hei utu,
ka kore he moni ka puta te kupu mo te tamana mo te warati.
E ki ana e hara i a ratou anake e peratia ana, ko o ratou hoa
pakeha hoki e korero ana rite tonu te ture. Heoi ta matou
kupu ki nga maori o Motueka, me a ratou hoa pakeha, kati te
nama i te taonga, katahi ka kore nga kupu tamana, warati hoki,
hei whakawehi i a ratou.

E mea ana matou kia .mohio Te Kemara Raukawa o Rangiti-
kei e hara te nupepa i te mea hei panuitanga mo nga tikanga
tautohetohe mo nga riihitanga whenua. I meatia te Waka
Maori hei waka uta matauranga ki nga iwi maori e tika ai e
marama noa atu ai ratou. Ko nga Kooti Whakawa i whaka-
turia mo nga tautohetanga ; mehemea e tautohetia ana nga
tikanga o ta koutou reti, e pai ana pea kia kawea ki reira.

Ko Ratana Te Urumingi o Whanganui e tuhituhi mai aua e
whakahe ana ki nga ruritanga whenua, me nga whakawakanga
whenua i roto i te Kooti Whenua Mao ri, i te mea kaore i wha-
kaaetia e te katoa. E ki ana ko nga tangata kuare, ahakoa
tika ki te whenua, ka he i te aroaro o te Tiati, ma te tangata
matau ki te teka ia e whakahe. Ko nga tangata e whai moni
aua hei utu mo (e ruritanga, e kaha ana e ngutu tere aua hoki
ki te korero i roto i te Kooti, ko nga mea ena e riro ai nga
Karauna karaati—a mate ana te tangata kuare, te tangata tika.
Tera e kapi nga nupepa e rua, e toru atu, penei me te Waka
Maori i nga reta e tae mai ana ki a matou mo nga mahi i roto
i to Kooti Whenua Maori. Engari pea me tatari marire nga
hoa tuhi mai i aua tu korero kia kite ratou i te ahua o nga
tikanga o te Ture Whenua hou. E mea aua matou ma taua
ture e tika ai aua mate e korerotia mai nei.

No te mea mo te Pakeha anake te panui a Kawana Hunia
mo tona whenua, e pai ana kia tukua atu e ia taua panui ki nga
nupepa pakeha kia puta nui ai ki roto ki a ratou kat.oa. E hara
te Waka Maori i te nupepa e korerotia nuitia ana e te iwi
pakeha, engari nga nupepa pakeha e kitea ana e te katoa.

Tenei ano etahi reta e hiahia ana matou kia taia atu, otira
kaore matou e whai takiwa ana e taea ai to whakatu ki te reo
pakeha, tetahi e kore ano e o. Ka puta pea aua reta i tera
waka.

Ko te reta a te " tangata kai waipiro i mua ai" o Waikato
mo te korero a te Pokiha mo to Pire Hoko Waipiro, i taia ra i
te Waka Maori o te 17 o Hepetema kua taha ra, hei tera
putanga o te nupepa ka taia ai, ki te watea. He roa rawa te
puta ai i tenei.

Ko te utu mo te Waka Maori i te tau 10s. Ka tukuna
atu. i te meera ki ie tangata e hiahia ana me ka tukua mai e ia
aua moni ki te Kai Tuhi ki Po Neke nei.

TURE WHENUA MAORI.

[ He roanga no tera putanga o TE WAKA,]

TE MANA ME NGA MAHI MA TE KOOTI.
(1.) Whakawakanga Take.

33. Ko tenei tekiona e ki ana, ki mua mai o te
whakawakanga o tetahi kereme (ara he "tono" te
kereme) ki te whenua ka whakawakia e te Kooti, ki
mua mai hoki o te whakaputanga o te kupu whaka-

Hori Te Tauri, Hoani Pahiroa, and Rawiri Kahia, inform us
that on the 30th of July last, they and their people the Rangiita
completed the erection of a large fortified pa at. Waitetoko,
Tauranga, as a precautionary measure against any possible
treachery on the part of the Waikatos, and also as a means of
supporting the " strong hand " of the Queen, which suppresses
evil in the country, so that the people may begone, the religion
one, and the power one—Maori and Pakeha united. They next
tell us of a great feast given in the pa, and describe the variety
and abundance of food, and the erection of a " Queen's flag "
amidst the cheers of the people. Some Taupo Hauhaus were
present, and their leaders expressed great satisfaction at the
completion of the pa ; for, " who knows," they said, " what
treachery the Waikatos may yet perpetrate ?" Therefore they
were glad to have that pa as a place to concentrate, lest they
should be destroyed as in the time of Te Kooti, when men were
living unguardedly and in ignorance of approaching evil.

Hohaia Rangiauru, of Motueka, Tasman Bay, in the Province
Nelson, says the Maoris are in trouble about the truck system
pursued by the Pakeha storekeepers at Motueka. The prices
given for the Maoris' wheat, oats, potatoes, and other agricul-
tural produce, is very low indeed. They imagine that, at all
events, they ought to get cash for their produce, but goods only
are given—pipes and tobacco, tea and sugar, and clothing.
Not so much as a solitary sixpence of hard cash can be got.
Another trouble of which Hohaia complains is that when they
have given up all their produce to pay for goods received from
the traders, if a pound should chance to be left standing over,
in a week or so afterwards they are asked for money, and if
they have no money they are threatened with summonses and
warrants. On comparing notes with their Pakeha friends, they
find that they are served in the same way—that there is " one
law for all." We can only say if the Motueka Maoris and their
Pakeha friends keep out of debt, they will not be troubled by
threats of summonses and warrants.

We desire Te Kemara Raukawa, of Rangitikei, to know that
the newspaper is not for the publication of disputes and
disagreements about the leasing of land. The Waka Maori
(Maori Canoe) is a canoe intended to convey cargoes of know-
ledge to the Maori people by which they will be benefited and
generally enlightened. Courts of law have been established
for the settlement of disputes ; and if there be any disputes in
respect of the provisions of your lease, perhaps the best course
would be to take the matter there.

Ratana Te Urumingi, of Whanganui, writes complaining of
surveys of land, and investigations of land claims in the Native
Land Court, without the consent of all parties interested. He
says that ignorant inexperienccd persons, although their claims
be just, are usually victimized before the Judge by designing
knaves. Those who have money to pay for surveys, and possess
impudence and flippancy of tongue in Court, are the men who
obtain Crown grants, to the prejudice of more simple but
honester claimants. We suppose it would require two or three
papers like the Waka Maori to contain all the letters we
| receive respecting proceedings in the Native Land Court. We
advise our correspondents on this subject to wait patiently till
they see the effect of the provisions of the new Land Act. We
think that Act will remedy the evils complained of.

As Kawana Hunia's notification respecting his land is intended
for Europeans exclusively, he had better send it to the English
newspapers, by which means it will obtain far greater publicity
amongst the Pakehas. The Waka Maori is not a paper
generally read by Europeans, but the English papers they all
read.

We have received several letters which we are desirous of
publishing, but we cannot find time to translate them, neither
can we find space for them. They will probably appear in our
next issue.

The letter of a " reformed (maori) drunkard," of Waikato,
on Mr. Fox's speech in the House on the Permissive Bill, which
appeared in the Waka Maori of the 17th of September last,
will, if possible, be published in our next. It is too long for
publication in this issue.



 The Subscription to the Waka Maori is 10s. per year.

Persons desirous of becoming subscribers can have the paper
posted to their address by forwarding that amount to ihe Editor
in Wellington.

NATIVE LANDS ACT.

[Continued from last issue of TE WAKA.]
JURISDICTION AND DUTIES OF THE COURT.

(1.) Investigation of Titles.

33. This section provides, that before any claim to
land shall be investigated by the Court, and before
any award in partition shall be. made of any land by
the Court, such land must first be surveyed, and

TE WAEA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

135

tau a te Kooti ki te tangata i runga i te tikanga
wahanga o te whenua, me matua ruri taua whenua
me kawe hoki ki roto ki te Kooti takoto ai kia rua
mapi tika o tana, whenua. Ko aua tu ruritanga me
aua mapi me mahi i runga i nga ritenga me nga
tikanga o taua Ture, me nga tikanga e mana ana mo
te ruritanga whenua.

34. Ki ta tenei tekiona e ahei ano etahi Maori te
tuku atu ki te Kai-whakawa Tumuaki he pukapuka
whakaatu i to ratou ki e whai take ana ratou ki
tetahi piihi whenua Maori, me to ratou hiahia, kia
whakawakia to ratou take e to Kooti kia tukua ai e
te Kooti tetahi Tuhinga mo runga i taua whenua hei
whakaatu i nga tangata nana taua whenua—ko te
ingoa o taua Tuhinga kua kiia he Tuhinga-whaka-
maharatanga take. Ko taua pukapuka whakaatura-
nga e tukua ana ki te Kai-whakawa Tumuaki me
tuku i runga i te ara o nga whakaritenga o te Kooti,
me whakaatu ki roto nga rohe o taua piihi whenua
ki ona ingoa Maori ano, ki te kore nga ingoa me ata
tika he whakaaturanga ke ranei o te ahua o taua

whenua, me whakahua hoki nga ingoa o nga hapu
me nga iwi katoa e whai tikanga ana ki taua whenua,
a mehemea e hira atu ana i te tokorua nga tangata o
tono ana kia whakawakia taua whenua o kore e tika
kia iti iho i te tokotoru o ratou e tuhituhi i o ratou
ingoa ki taua pukapuka whakaaturanga.

35. Ko tenei tekiona e mea ana me tuku hoki e
aua tangata e tono whakawa aua, i taua takiwa ano
i tukua ai ta ratou panui ki te Kai-whakawa, me
tuku ano e ratou tetahi kapi o taua pukapuka tono
whakawa ki ia iwi ki ia iwi, hapu, tangata ranei, kua
whakahuatia i roto i taua pukapuka tono whakawa
ra, ki ta ratou ranei e whakaaro ai e whai tikanga
ana ki etahi wahi o te whenua kua korerotia i roto i
taua pukapuka tono. A i te nohoanga o te Kooti
kia whakawakia taua kereme mo whakamarama aua
kai-tono ki te Kooti i to ratou tukunga peratanga
atu i aua kapi whakaatu ki aua iwi, hapu, tangata
ranei, kia tino marama ai to Kooti ki tena; a me
tuhi iho ano e te Kooti taua whakamaramatanga.
He tikanga tika rawa tenei; he mea hoki ia kia kore
e whakawakia wawetia he take ki te whenua i te mea
kaore ako kia matua whakaaturia ki nga tangata
katoa e whai tikanga ana ki te whenua.

36. E mea ana tenei tekiona me tuku ho kapi o
nga panuitanga kereme katoa, (ara nga tononga wha-
kawa), me nga panuitanga o nga nohoanga katoa o
te Kooti ki te whakawa take ki te whenua, mo nga
ingoa o nga whenua e meatia aua kia whakawakia,
me tuku katoa atu ki nga Apiha o te Takiwa, nga
Komihana o nga Whenua Karauna, me nga Komi-
hana Whenua-rahui Maori, o nga takiwa katoa i
takoto ai te whenua, tetahi wahi ranei o te whenua,
e whakawakia ana, me tuku hoki ki te tangata e tono
ana ki te whakawa, ki nga tangata hoki e whakahe
ana ki te take o te kai tono, me tuku hoki ki etahi
atu tangata e tika ai ki to whakaaro o te Kaiwha-
kawa Tumuaki hei tuwhatuwha ma ratou ki nga
tangata; me ta hoki ki roto ki te Kahiti ki te reo
Maori, ki roto hoki ki te Kahiti Pakeha o te Poro-
wini i takoto ai te whenua ki te reo Maori me te reo
Ingarihi ano. Na, ka tino panuitia ki te katoa te
mahinga e mahia ana, a ka tae te rongo ki nga
tangata katoa i te wa kaore ano kia timataria te

whakawakanga.

37. Ko tenei tekiona e tono ana i aua apiha, kua
korerotia ki runga ra, kia ata tirohia aua panuitanga
kereme, me ka tae atu ki a ratou, mehemea kaore i
tukua ki a te Karauna, i ahatia ranei, i tetahi taima
e matauria ana e Tatou ake ano, tetahi wahi o taua
whenua e tonoa ana kia whakawakia, a me tuhituhi
e ratou katoa he pukapuka whakaatu i ta ratou i
kite ai ki te Kai-whakawa Tumuaki, ki te Kai-
whakawa noa ranei e whakahaere ana i nga tikanga
o te Kooti i roto i taua takiwa; a ki te kitea

proper maps thereof in duplicate lodged in the Court.
Such surveys and maps must be made in conformity
with the provisions of the said Act, and of any rules
in force relating to surveys.

84. Provides that any Natives may give notice to
the Chief Judge that they claim to be interested in a
piece of Native land, and that they desire that their
claim should be investigated by the Court in order
that a writing showing who are the owners may bo
issued for such piece of land—this writing is called a
Memorial of Ownership. The notice to the Chief
Judge must be given as directed by the rules of the
Court, and must specify the boundaries of the said
land by Native names, or other proper description,
and must also state the names of every tribe and
hapu interested in the land; and when there aro
more than two claimants it must be signed by not
less than three of the claimants.

35. By this section the applicants are required io
send, at the same time, a copy of such notice of ap-
plication to each of the tribes, hapus, or persons
named in such notice of application, or believed by
the applicants to be interested in any portion of the
laud comprised in such application. And at the
sitting of the Court for the hearing of the claim, the
applicants must satisfy the Court that they have so
served such notices, and the Court will make a note
thereof. This is a very proper provision, and is
intended to prevent the investigation of title to land
without all parties interested being first duly in-
formed of it.

36. Provides that copies of all notices of claims,
and notices of all sittings of Court for investigation of
titles, with names of lands to be investigated, shall
be forwarded to each of the District Officers, Com-
missioners of Crown Lands, Inspectors of Surveys,
and Native Reserves Commissioners, in whose district
the land or any portion thereof may be respectively
situate; and also to the claimant and counter-
claimant, and to such other persons for distribution
as the Chief Judge shall think fit, and shall be in-
serted in the Kahiti in the Maori language, and in
the Gazette of the Province in which the laud is
situate in the Maori and English languages—so that
general publicity will be given to the proceedings,
and all persons will have received due information
before the commencement of the investigation.

87. By this section, as soon as the above officers
receive such notices of claims, they are required to
examine them, to ascertain if any of the land com-
prised in the application has at any time within their
knowledge been alienated to the Crown or otherwise,
and to report thereon to the Chief Judge or other
Judge presiding over the Court in the district; and
if they shall find that any of such land has been at
any time so alienated, they shall forthwith notify the
same to such Judge, and thereupon all proceedings

136

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

e ratou kua tukua peratia tetahi wahi o taua
whenua i mua ai me whakaatu tonu ratou ki taua
Kai-whakawa, hei reira ka whakamutua te mahi a te
Kooti ki runga ki te wahi o taua whenua kua tukua
ra. E tika ana hoki aua apiha kia whakaatu ki taua
Kaiwhakawa, i roto i a ratou pukapuka e tuhia ana,
etahi tikanga e mohiotia ana e ratou e kore ai e tika
kia haere tonu te whakawakanga o te take ki taua
whenua ; hei reira me whakamutu e te Kai-whakawa
nga mahinga katoa i roto i te Kooti ki runga ki te
whakawakanga o taua kereme a taea noatia te wa e
marama e kore ai ranei aua tikanga e whakakore ana
i te whakawa.

38. Ko tenei tekiona e ki ana me matua uiui te
Kai-whakawa, ki runga ki tana ara e pai ai ia, kia
mohio ia mehemea e hiahia ana nga tangata e maha-
ratia ana no ratou te whenua ki te kawe i. taua
whenua ki raro ki nga tikanga o taua Ture, kaore
ranei; a ki te kitea e ia he tika he pono te tono kia
whakawakia taua whenua, ki to kahore hoki he
tikanga whakakore a nga apiha kua korerotia ki
runga ake nei i roto i ta ratou whakaaturanga ki a
ia, ki te whakaarotia hoki e kore te whakawakanga o
taua kereme e whakararuraru i te whai-marietanga o
te motu, hei reira me tono ia kia ruritia taua whenua
i raro i te tohutohu a te Kai-titiro Ruritanga, me
nga rohe kia ata whakatakotoria ki runga ki te
whenua tonu. Kei nga meatanga pera katoa me
tuhituhi iho e te Kai-whakawa te ara me te tikanga
i marama ai ki a ia aua tikanga katoa. Ko te " Kai-
titiro Ruritanga" he tangata ia kua whakaturia e te
Kawana hei kai-titiro ki te tika o te mahinga o nga
ruritanga katoa me nga mapi katoa e kawea ana ki
te aroaro o te Kooti.

39. Kei nga meatanga pera katoa me whakamarama
nga kai tono ki te Kai-titiro Ruritanga kia marama
ia ka rite ano i a ratou nga ruritanga me te whai-ha-
ngatanga mapi ki te moni, ki tetahi wahi whenua
ranei ka tukua e ratou ki a te Kuini; no te mea i
raro i tenei Ture hou ma te Kawanatanga anake
nga ruritanga e whakamahi, ma te Kawanatanga hoki
e utu i te tuatahi. Ma tenei tikanga ka tika ai te
ruritanga o nga whenua a nga Maori ka tika ai hold
te utu, no te mea ma te Kai-titiro Ruritanga e titiro
ki te tika o te mahinga me te utu hoki e tika ai.

40. Hei te otinga o te ruritanga e kiia ana ma te
Kai-whakawa Tumuaki e tuku he panui e mohiotia
ai te ra me te kainga e whakawakia ai te take ki taua
whenua. Ko aua panuitanga me pera ano te tuwha-
nga haeretanga me nga panuitanga kereme, kua oti
ra te whakaatu i roto i te tekiona toru te kau ma ono
o taua Ture. (Tirohia taua tekiona kei runga ake
na.)

41. I taua whakawakanga me whakakite, i runga i
tetahi ara e marama rawa ai te Kooti, te tino taenga
atu ki nga tangata mana o nga panuitanga katoa e ki
ana e te Ture kia tukua; a ka kimihia e te Kooti te
take o nga kai-tono i runga i tona ara korero e pai ai
ia, ara a te Kooti, me te take hoki me nga ingoa o
era atu kai-tono ki te whenua i tukua ai aua panui-
tanga.

42. E whakarite ana tenei tekiona ma te Kai-
whakawa e whakahaere ana i te whakawa e tono kia
haere mai ki te Kooti korero ai nga kai-whaki korero
e tika ana kia haere mai, kia kawea mai hoki nga
pukapuka e tika ana kia kawea mai ki te Kooti, a e
ahei ano ia ki te whakaneke i te whakawakanga kia
whai takiwa ai hei tikinga i aua kai-whaki me aua
pukapuka.

43. E tika ana te Kooti i tetahi taima noa atu kia
whakanekehia tona nohoanga i runga i tetahi mea e
whakawakia ana ki tetahi atu takiwa me tetahi atu
kainga e paingia ai e te Kooti.

44. Ko nga mahinga i roto i te Kooti ma te Kai-
whakawa e whakahaere ana i te mahi man a ake ano e
mahi, kaua he roia kaua tetahi atu tangata ranei e

of the Court in respect of such portion of land so
alienated shall be stayed. Such officers may also, in
their report, notify to such Judge any reasons of
which they may be cognizant why the investigation
of title to such land should not bo proceeded with :

and the Judge shall thereupon suspend all further
proceedings in the Court relative to the hearing of
the claim until such reasons are disposed of or
removed.

38. By this section the Judge is required to make
such inquiries as he may consider necessary for the
purpose of ascertaining whether the ostensible owners
are desirous of bringing the land under the pro-
visions of the Act; and if he shall find that the
application is bona fide, and if no objections have
been offered by the officers above mentioned in their
report to him, and that the hearing of such claim is
not likely to lead to any disturbance of the peace of
the country, then he shall direct that a survey of the
land shall be made under the direction of the In-
spector of Surveys, and the boundaries clearly
marked out on the ground. The Judge is required
in each case to make a note of the manner in which
he shall have satisfied himself in respect of all these
matters. The Inspector of Surveys is an officer
appointed by the Governor  to  see that all surveys,
and maps of lauds brought before the Court, have
been correctly executed.

89. The applicants in each case must satisfy the
" Inspector of Surveys " that they will pay the ex-
penses of surveys and maps either in money or inland
to be transferred to Her Majesty, as under this new
Act all surveys are to be undertaken by the Govern-
ment, and paid for by the Government in the first
instance. By this arrangement the Maoris will be
enabled to got their lands surveyed accurately and
economically, as the Inspector of Surveys will see
that the work is properly performed, and that the
charge is reasonable.

40. On the completion of survey the Chief Judge
is required to give public notice of the day and place
when and where the title to the land will be in-
vestigated. Such notices are to be circulated in the
same manner as notices of claims, as provided in
section thirty-six of the Act.

41. At such investigation it must be proved to
the satisfaction of the Court that all notices required
to be given have been duly served, and the Court
shall ascertain from such evidence as it may think
fit the title of the applicants, and also the title and
names of all other claimants to the land respecting
which notice shall have been given.

42. Provides that the presiding Judge shall require
the attendance of all necessary witnesses and the
production of all necessary documents ; and for that
purpose he may adjourn the inquiry in order to
allow time to procure such witnesses and documents.

43. The Court at any time may adjourn its sittings
on any case to such time and place as it may con-
sider desirable.

44. The proceedings in Court shall be carried on
by the presiding Judge without the intervention of
any counsel or other agent; but the Native claimants

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

137

uru mai hei kai korero ; engari he mea tika kia
whiriwhiria e nga Maori nana nga kereme tetahi u
ratou ano hei kai whakahaere i a ratou korero.

45. Ko tenei tekiona e mea ana, kei tana nohoanga
ano o te Kooti, ki to mea ra e hiahia ana to nuinga o
nga kai-tono kia peratia, me kimi to Kooti kia kitea
te rahi o te wahi (kaore ano kia wahia) e tika aua kia
riro i runga i nga ritenga me nga tikanga Maori Id
tena ki tena o nga tangata nana te whenua; a kei
nga peratanga o kore o rehitatia (tuhituhia) nga 
ingoa o nga tangata nana te whenua Id to kore e
matua kite taua rahinga o to wahi ki ia tangata ki ia
tangata o ratou, a ko aua wahi mo ata tuhituhi 
marire me ata whakaatuatu i roto i te Tuhinga-
whakamaharatanga take o taua whenua.

46. E mea ana tenei tekiona, kei runga i te whaka-
haeretanga o nga tekiona kua tuhia, ki runga ako nei,
etahi tekiona ranei ki muri iho mo nga tikanga
wawahi whenua, o ahei ano to Kooti ki te tango mai
i etahi whakaritenga, whakaaetanga ranei, kua oti
ake i nga kai-tono mo a ratou hoa tautohe i roto i a
ratou ake ano hei tikanga mo ratou ; a o ahei ana,
ano te Kooti kia waiho aua whakaritenga me aua
whakaaetanga kia whai tikanga ana i roto i toua kupu
whakatau i etahi atu whakawakanga o aua tangata ra
ano i taua taima ra ano, i muri iho ranei.

(2.) Nga tuhinga-whakamaharatanga take whenua



47. Kia oti te whakawa ma to Kooti o mea kia
tuhia ki te Kooti Rouru he Tuhinga-whkamahara-
tanga take, pera mo te Ahua Nama 1 i te korero Apiti
i te mutunga o te Ture, me tuhi ki roto ki Iaua
Tuhinga te ingoa mo etahi kupu whakaatu i te ahua
o te whenua, me nga ingoa o nga tangata kai oa nana
taua whenua, nga tangata ranei e ki ai na ratou taua
whenua i runga i a ratou whakaritenga ake ano kia
korerotia ki runga ake ra (tekiona 40), me nga ingoa
o a ratou hapu ; tetahi, ki to mea e hiahia aua te
nuinga o nga tangata nana to whenua kia peratia, me
tuhi ano ki roto ki taua Tuhinga-whakamaharatanga
te rahi o te wahi ma tena ma tena onga tangata nana
taua whenua. Mo whakaahua ki runga ki aua
Tuhinga katoa, me apiti ranei ki aua Tuhinga, tetahi
mapi o te whenua kua korerotia Id roto, a me tuhi e
te Kai-whakawa ki tona ingoa me huri hoki ki te
hiiri o te Kooti.

48. Me apiti ki aua Tuhinga-whakamaharatanga
katoa enei tikanga Id raro iho na, ara ;—ko nga
tangata nana te whenua kua korerotia, i roto i taua
Tuhinga-whakamaharatanga e kore e ahei te hoko to
tuku pehea atu ranei i taua whenua, engari o ahei
ano ratou te reti i taua whenua mo tetahi takiwa
e kore o hira atu i te rua te kau ma tahi tau ; engari,
te tikanga o taua roti hei nohoanga tonutanga ia mo to
tangata i a ia te reti i to wa ano e retia ai, e kore o
tika he riihi o ki ana me taka mai ki a ia te whenua
a te wa e mutu ai tetahi atu roti e mana ana ki tetahi
atu tangata i taua takiwa ano, ara toua tikanga, kia
mutu marire tetahi roti ka tika ai te whakarite i
tetahi; e kore hoki e tika kia homai wawe he moni
hei mea kia whakaaetia taua reti, e kore ano hoki e
tika he whakaritenga i roto i te riihi kia whakahoutia
te reti me ka taea te mutunga o te takiwa i retia ai,
he whakaritenga ranei kia hokona to whenua i totahi

atu takiwa.

49. Otira, e kore aua tikanga e kiia hei tikanga
whakakahore i te hoko o taua whenua ki te mea e
whakaae katoa ana nga tangata nana taua whenua ki
te hoko, hei whakakahoretanga ranei i te wahanga o
taua whenua i runga i nga tikanga o te Ture,
mehemea e hiahiatia ana kia pera.

50. Ko te kupu whakatau a te Kooti i runga i nga
whakawakanga kereme katoa me hohoro te panui Id
roto ki nga Kahiti, pera me te mea kua whakaritea
mo nga panuitanga kereme (tekiona 36), a ko nga
tangata e whakataua ai e te Kooti to whenua ki a

may select one of themselves to act as their spokes-
man and conduct the case in their behalf.

45. This section provides that at the same sitting
of the Court, if the majority in number of the
claimants shall so desire it, the Court shall ascertain
the amount of the proportlonate undivided share
that each owner of such laud is entitled to according
to Native custom and usage ; and in any such case
the names of such owners are not to be registered
until such amount bo ascertained, which amount
shall be clearly  set forth in the Memorial of Owner-
ship of the land.

46. Provides that in carrying into effect the pre-
ceding sections, or any subsequent sections regarding

partitions of land, the Court may adopt any arrange-
ments made by the claimants and couuter-claimants
amount themselves, and the Court may make such
arrangement an element ill its determination of any
concurrent or subsequent case between the same
parties

(2.) Memorials of Ownership.

47. After the completion of the inquiry, the Court
shall cause to be inscribed on the Court Rolls a
Memorial of Ownership in the Form No. 1 of the
Schedule to the Act, giving the name and description
of the laud, the names of all the owners thereof, or
who aro to bo regarded as owners under any arrange-
ment amongst themselves as before mentioned, and
of their respective hapu ; and also, if required by the
majority in number of the owners, the amount oi the
proportionate share of each owner. Every such
Memorial must have (drawn thereon or annexed
thereto a plan of the land comprised therein, and
must bo signed by the Judge and scaled with the
Seal of the Court.

4S. To every such Memorial there shall be the
following conditions annexed, viz.: that the owners
of the laud referred to in such Memorial have not
power to sell or otherwise dispose of the said land,
except that they may lease the same for any term
not exceeding twenty-one years ; but such lease must

be in actual possession, and not to come into posses-
sion of the lessee at the expiration of any then
existing lease to any other person, and there must
bo no premium or foregift, or any agreement or
covenant for renewal or ior purchase at a future
time.

49. But nothing in the above conditions shall be
deemed to preclude any sale of the said land where
all the owners of such land agree to the sale thereof,
or to prevent any partition of such land in manner
provided in the Act, if required.

50. The decision of the Court in every hearing of
a claim shall at once be published in the Gazettes, in
the same manner as provided with respect to notices
of claims (section 36) ; and the persons in whose
favour such decision shall be made shall be deemed

138

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

ratou ka kiia no ratou ano te whenua i whakahuatia
i roto i taua kupu whakatau, ara ki te kore e
whakariro-ketia, e whakawhiti-ketia ranei, te kupu
whakatau a te Kooti i tetahi whakawakanga tuarua.

51. Ka tika kia tangohia tetahi kapi o te Tuhinga-
whakamaharatanga take kua tuhia ki roto ki nga
Kooti Rouru hei mea whaki pono e mohiotia ai he
pono nga tikanga me nga meatanga kua korerotia i
roto i taua Tuhinga, a hei mea whakakite pono hoki
ia i te tuturutanga ki te tangata, i runga i nga ritenga
me nga tikanga Maori, o te whenua kua korerotia i
roto i taua Tuhinga-whakamaharatanga. Otira ko
te mea e tika ai taua kapi ma tetahi Kai-whakawa o
te Kooti e tuhi i tona ingoa ki runga, i tetahi takiwa ki
muri o te pahemotanga o te marama kotahi ki muri o
te takiwa kua whakaritea hei takiwa e taea ai he whaka-
wakanga tuarua (ki te mea ano ia kaore ano kia
whakaaetia noatia he whakawakanga tuarua,) me tuhi
hoki ki taua kapi te ra i tuhia ai, me te hiiri hoki o
te Kooti me mau ki runga.

52. Kei muri o te pahemotanga o te marama kotahi
i muri o te takiwa kua whakaritea hei takiwa e taea
ai he whakawakanga tuarua, ki te mea kaore ano kia
whakaaetia he whakawakanga tuarua, kei nga kereme
katoa kua oti te whakawa e te Kooti, me tuku he kapi
o te tuhinga o te take, kua tuhia ki roto ki nga Kooti
Rouru, ki a te Minita mo te taha Maori, ko taua kapi
me tuhi e te Kai-whakawa ki tona ingoa pera me te
mea kua korerotia ki runga ake, me tetahi mapi tika
hoki o te whenua kua korerotia i roto i te Tuhinga-
whakamaharatanga take, me tuku katoa ki te Minita
mo te taha Maori ki tona tari takoto ai.

53. Ko nga Tuhinga-whakamaharatanga take e
tukua ana i raro i taua Ture hou ki etahi Maori e
whai whenua ana, me taka katoa atu ki waho o te
tikanga utu moni takoha i raro i " Te Ture Moni
Takoha, 1866," etahi atu Ture ranei hei whakatika-
tika i taua Ture.

(3.) Nga tangata whai whenua e kore ana e tika Ma
tau he mana whenua ki a ratou.

54 Ko tenei tekiona he mea whakarite tikanga mo
nga porangi me nga tangata kaore ano kia tae ona
tau ki te rua te kau ma tahi, ara "nga tamariki" ki
ta te ture i ki ai; ae mea ana ki te mea ka kitea e
whai take ana e whai tikanga ana ranei aua tu
tangata ki tetahi whenua e whakawakia ana, ahakoa
tona porangitanga tona tamarikitanga ranei, me
tuhituhi ano o ratou ingoa ki roto ki te Tuhinga-
whakamaharatanga take hei tangata whai take ki taua
whenua, me te rahi o te wahi e tika ana kia tau ki ia
tangata ki ia tangata o ratou, me nga tau o te mea
tamariki, me te tikanga (ki te mohiotia) i kore ai e
tika etahi kia tau he mana whenua ki a ratou ki ta te
Ture tikanga, me tuhi katoa ki roto ki te Tuhinga-
whakamaharatanga take.

55 E mea ana tenei tekiona me whakaatu ki a te
Kawana nga mea pera katoa me ona tikanga katoa, a
i muri iho o tena ko nga whai-tikangatanga ki te
whenua o aua tu tangata porangi, tamariki ranei, ka
whakahaerea i raro i nga tikanga o " Te Ture Whaka-
haere Whenua Maori, 1867." Ko taua Ture (o 1867)
e mea ana e ahei ano te Kawana i roto i tona
Runanga ki te whakarite i etahi tangata e pai ai ia
hei kai-tiaki hei kai-whakahaere mo nga whenua anga
tamariki, nga porangi ranei, o te iwi Maori, a ko nga
mana me nga mahi hei mahi ma aua kai-tiaki kua ata
whakamaramatia i roto i taua Ture. Na, mo taua
tikanga kia tika ai, ko te kupu " heretitamete," kua
tangohia i roto i taua Ture hei kupu ingoa mo nga
" whenua e mau ana ki te tangata i raro i te mana o
te Karauna, (ara he karaati, he aha atu,) mo te whai-
tikangatanga hoki, mo te mana pehea ranei, o te
tangata ki runga ki aua whenua, e puta ke mai ana
ranei i runga i aua whenua i tetahi ara ke," ko taua
kupu (" heretitamete ") ka kiia tona tikanga i roto i

to be the owners of the land referred to in such
decision, unless the decision of the Court shall be
amended or reversed upon a rehearing.

51. A copy of the enrolment of the Memorial shall
be receivable as evidence of the deed or fact referred
to in such Memorial, and shall be conclusive of the
ownership according to Native custom of the laud
described therein. But such copy must be certified
under the hand of a Judge of the Court after the
expiration of one month after the time allowed for a
rehearing (if no rehearing shall have been ordered),
and must bear the date of the making of such copy,
and must be sealed with the seal of the Court.

52. After the expiration of one month after the
time allowed for a rehearing, and if no rehearing
shall have been ordered, a copy of the enrolment,
certified by the Judge as above mentioned, in every
claim decided by the Court, together with a correct
map of the land referred to in the Memorial, shall
be transmitted to the Native Minister for record in
his office. 

53. All Memorials of Ownership issued under
the Act to any Native owners shall be exempted
from the payment of any duty under " The Stamp
Duties Act, 1866," or any Acts amending the same.

(3.) Owners under Disability.

54. This section has reference to persons under
twenty-one years of age, or "infants," as termed by
the law, also lunatics ; and it provides that if such
persons be found to be entitled to any interest in the
laud under adjudication, their names shall never-
theless be enrolled in the Memorial of Ownership as
owners thereof, together with the proportionate
shares (if ascertained) accruing to each of them, and
the age of such minor and the. nature of the disability,
so far as known, shall be added to the Memorial.

55. Provides that the Governor must be informed
of each such case, and of all the particulars thereof,
and thereafter the interests of such persons under
disability are to be dealt with in accordance with the
provisions of " The Maori Real Estate Management
Act, 1867," which provides that the Governor in
Council may appoint such persons as he may think
fit to be trustees of the lands of infants or lunatics
of the Maori race, and the powers and duties
of such trustees are therein clearly defined. For
that purpose the word " hereditaments," used in
that Act for "land the subject of tenure or held
under title derived from the Crown or any estate
or interest therein or arising thereout," in the
new Native Land Act, is to be deemed to include
Native land held under Memorial of ownership, and
any trustee so appointed may give the consents to
sales, leases, and partitions as provided for in the
new Land Act; and he shall also receive the shares
of the proceeds of any such sale or lease, and dispose

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

139

te Ture hou he mea puta katoa atu ki runga ki nga
whenua Maori e mau ana ki te tangata i raro i nga
Tuhinga-whakamaharatanga take; a ma te kai-tiaki
kua whakaturia peratia e to Kawana e whakaae nga
whakaaetanga, ho ko, reti, me nga haehaetanga whenua,
kua whakaritea i roto i taua Ture Whenua hou;

maua hoki e tango nga wahanga o nga moni e puta
mai ana i runga i aua hokonga, riihitanga ranei, mana
ano hoki e whakahaere i aua moni i runga i te ritenga
o nga tikanga kua whakatakotoria i roto i " Te Ture
Whakahaere Whenua Maori, 1867," hei oranga mo
te tangata i tu ai ia hei kai-tiaki; a kei nga mea
kaore he tikanga i roto i taua Ture e tau ana, hei reira
me whakahaere ia i aua moni i runga i ta te Kawana
i ro to i tona Runanga e ki ai.

(4.) Takanga ki nga whenua o te Tangata mate.

56. Ki te mate tetahi Maori e whai tikanga ana
ki te whenua e whakawakia ana i mua mai o te otinga
o te whakawa, ahakoa tena, mo whakahaere tonu to
whakawa, a ki te moa ka kitea he tangata tika Id
taua whenua te Maori kua mate ra, me kimi to Kooti
ki te ingoa, nga ingoa ranei, o te tangata, nga, tangata
ranei, e tika ana i runga i nga ritenga Maori kia riro
i a ratou te whai-tikangatanga ki te whenua a taua
Maori kua mate ra, a me tuhituhi hoki nga ingoa o
aua tangata ki nga Kooti Rouru hei whakarite mo te
ingoa o taua tangata kua mate ra nana nei te whenua.

57. Ki te mea ka mate tetahi Maori e whai whenua
ana i raro i tetahi Tuhinga-whakamaharatanga take,
Karauna karaati ranei, i raro i taua Ture hou, i raro
ranei i tetahi tiwhikete take, Karauna karaati ranei,
i tukua i raro i nga Ture tawhito kua whakakorea e
taua Ture hou, a ki te mea kaore i tuhia ho Wira e
taua tangata i toua oranga, penei e tika ana ma te
Kooti, i runga i te tono a tetahi tangata o mea ana
he tikanga tana ki taua whenua, e uiui e kimi i taua
mea, i runga i te ara korero whaki e pai ai te Kooti,
kia kitea te tangata nga tangata ranei e tika ana kia

taka ki a ratou te whai-tikangatanga ki to whenua o
taua tangata kua mate wira kore ra, hei reira te
Kooti ka whakaputa i tona Ota, he mea hiiri ki te
hiiri o te Kooti, hei whakaatu i nga ingoa o nga
tangata e tika ana ki ta te Kooti whakaaro hei taunga
iho mo te whai-tlkangatanga o taua tang.ata kua mate
wira kore ra. Ko aua tu Ota katoa ka rito tonu toua
tikanga, ki ta te ture, me to tetahi wira he mea ata
tuhituhi marire.

WHAKAWAKANGA. TUARUA.

58. Kei runga i te tono a etahi tangata e whai
tikanga ana ki runga ki tetahi whenua Maori, a e
mea ana ratou he mato to ratou i runga i to whaka-
taunga a te Kooti me taua whenua, na ka tika ma te
Kawana i roto i tona Runanga o whakaputa he Ola
kia tuaruatia te whakawakanga o totahi mea noa atu
kua whakaotia i raro i nga tikanga o taua Ture hou ;

ko taua whakawakanga me tu i roto i tetahi takiwa
[taima) i muri o to panuitanga o te kupu whakatau a
te Kooti, me to panuitanga o to Tuhinga-whakama-
haratanga, e whakaritea i roto ano i taua ota; kei te
putanga o taua ota me kore katoa nga mahinga a
te Kooti kua mahia ki runga ki taua mea, a ka
timataria houtia, ka whakahaerea i runga i nga
tikanga kua whakaritea e taua Ture : Engari e kore
e whakarangona ho tono kia tuaruatia  he whaka-
wakanga mehemea ka puta i muri o te pahemotanga
o nga marama ono i muri iho o te wa i puta ai taua

panuitanga.

(Tera te Toanga atu kei tetahi Waka.)

HE WHAKAMARAMATANGA I TE TURE
WHENUA MAORI, 1873.

(HE MEA TUHI NA TE ROIA.)

HE Ture hou tenei mo nga whenua a nga Maori, a

of the same for the benefit of the person for whom
he is such trustee as nearly as possible in the manner
provided by "The Maori Real Estate Management
Act, 1867 ;" and vvhen no sufficient provision is made
in that Act, then in such manner as the Governor in
Council may direct from time to time.

(4.) Succession.

56. If any Native interested in the laud under
adjudication shall die before the same shall have been
adjudicated upon, the inquiry shall nevertheless bo
proceeded with, and if such Native so dying shall be
found to have been an owner, the Court shall ascer-
tain the name of the person or persons who, accord-
ing to Native custom, would bo entitled to the
interest of such deceased Native, and shall inscribe
the names of such persons; on the Court Rolls in lieu
of the name such deceased owner.

57. If any Native holding land under Memorial of
Ownership or Crown grant under the new Act, or
under any certificate or title or Crown grant issued
under any of the old Acts repealed by the now Act,
shall die intestate, the Court, on the application of
any person claiming to be interested in such land,
may inquire into the matter, and ascertain by such
evidence as it shall think fit, who, according to Native
custom, ought to succeed to the interest of such
deceased intestate, and shall thereupon mako order,
under seal of the Court, declaring the names of the
persons who in the judgment of the Court ought to
succeed to the interest of such intestate. Every
such order shall have the same legal effect as a will
duly made and executed.

REHEARING.

38. Upon the application of any persons interested
in any Native land, who may feel themselves
aggrieved by the decision of the Court in respect
thereof, the Governor in Council may order a
rehearing of any matter heard and decided under the
provisions of the Act \\vithin such a period of time
from the publication of the decision and Memorial of
Ownership as may be limited in such order ; and
upon such order being made, all proceedings thereto-
tofore taken by the Court in such matter shall be an-
nulled, and the case shall commence de novo, and shall
proceed in manner provided by the Act: Provided
that no application for .1 rehearing shall bo enter-
tained if it be made after six months shall have
elapsed from the time of such publication.

(To be continued.)

AN EXPOSITION OF "THE NATIVE
LAND ACT, 1873."

(By A LEGAL GENTLEMAN.)
This is a now law about the laud belonging to the

1-1.0

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

hei te tuatahi o nga ra o Hanuere i tera tau to mana
ai. I taua ra ka mate katoa nga Ture tawhito, a ka
timata ai te tikanga hou o to mahi i roto i te Kooti
Whenua Maori.

Te take i whakaturia ai to ture hou he mea kua
kite te Kawanatanga i runga i etahi meatanga i
tuhituhia ai nga ingoa o.nga tangata i roto inga
Karauna karaati kua hokoa te whenua i muri e aua
tangata kua puritia nga moni ma ratou anake, kaore
i hoatu etahi ki etahi atu tangata e tika ana kia I
hoatu ma ratou etahi. Tetahi take. Kei nga mea
kua tuhituhia nga ingoa o nga tangata ki roto ki te
Karauna karaati, no te matenga o tetahi o ratou
kua riro atu tona wahi ki etahi .tangata kua tuhituhia
ano hoki o ratou ingoa ki roto ki taua karaati—a
kaore rawa he wahi i riro i nga tamariki o te tangata
kua mate ra.

Na, e ki ana te Ture hou, ki te mate tetahi tangata
me riro i ona tamariki te wahi o to ratou matua ka
mate ra ; e ki ana hoki te ture hou, me tuhituhi ki
roto ki to pukapuka whai taketanga ki te whenua
nga ingoa katoa o nga tangata katoa e whai tikanga
ana ki te whenua. Na, e kore tenei e taea te hoko i
te whenua i muri i te tuara o te tangata, a ka whi-
whi katoa nga tangata, tena tangata me tena tangata,
ki nga moni e tika aua mana o to utu o te whenua.

I te takiwa e takoto ake nei e kore te tangata
Maori o tuku pukapuka here mo tona whenua i
runga i te ruritanga (ara he mokete, ho aha atu) ;

engari ma te Kooti e whakarite kia ruritia te whenua,
a ma te Maori nana te whenua e utu te ruritanga ki
a te Kuini ki tetahi wahi whenua hei whakarite mo
te moni.

Kei nga hokonga whenua mo nga riihitanga
whenua katoa ka haere to Maori raua ko te Pakeha
ki te aroaro o to Kooti, mo ka rite ta raua korero, a
ma te Kooti o whakatuturu ta raua korero (mehemea
i tika) i te ra e whiti ana i to aroaro o nga tangata
katoa. Te tikanga o tenei he mea kia kore o mahia
hunatia te mahi.

Ko tenei ka ata whakaatu au ki a koutou nga
wahi i roto i taua Ture ;—

Ko nga tekiona timata i to 1 haere ki to 19, mo
te ahua mo te whakaturanga o te Kooti. E pena
ano me tera i mua; ara ko aua tangata nei ano hei
Kai-whakawa, e noho mai nei etahi i Akarana, etahi i
Hokianga mo Werengitana.

Tekiona 20. He mea tuku he mana tenei ki a te
Kawana kia ahei ai ia te whakamutu i te mahi a te
tangata e ruri ana i tetahi whenua, ki te pai ia (a to
Kawana) kia pera, te whakamutu ranei i te whaka-
wakanga o tetahi whenua i roto i to Kooti. Otira
me whai tikanga nui rawa e pera ai; ka kore, e kore
hoki te Kawana e poka noa ki te pera.

Ka wahia to Koroni kia whai takiwa ai pera me
nga Porowini, a kei te wa e hiahiatia ai tetahi mea
kia mahia i roto i te Kooti ka haere mai tetahi o nga
Kai-whakawa ki roto ki te takiwa ka whakatuwhe-
ratia tona Kooti i te wahi e tika ai hei mahinga me
te mahi.

Nga tekiona timata i te 2 1 haere ki te 32. Kei nga
Takiwa katoa ka whakaturia tetahi apiha hei tangata
tumau ki roto ki te Takiwa ; a mana e uiui nga
ingoa o nga iwi, nga tangata ranei, nana te whenua
katoa, ka kimi hoki ia i to rahi o te whenua katoa—
he mea kia kore ai he ngangaretanga a muri ake nei
a nga Maori mo a ratou whenua. E taea ano e nga
Maori te tino awhina i a ia ki runga ki taua mahi
Mana hoki e tatau nga tane me nga wahine me nga

tamariki katoa o tena iwi o tena iwi, a ka wehea atu
e ia tetahi wahi whenua e rahi ana hei ngakinga ma
ratou katoa.

E kore tetahi tangata e ahei te hoko i taua whenua
kua wehea peratia; e kore hoki e taea i te takiwa e
takoto ake nei o tetahi rangatira Maori te hoko i te
whenua katoa a te iwi a ka waiho te iwi kia noho

Natives ; and it will come into force on the first of
January in the next year. On that day all the old
law will be dead, and the new system of doing busi-
ness in the Native Land Court will be begun.

The reason of the new law is, that the Government
has ascertained that in many cases where the names
of men have been written in the Crown grants, these
men have afterwards sold the land and kept the
money, giving none of the money to others who
ought to have had some of it. Another reason is,
that where the names of men have been written in
the Crown grant, when one of them dies the other
men whoso names were also written in the grant got
the dead man's share, and the children of the dead
man got nothing.

Now the new law says that the children of any
Native who dies will get the share of their parent;

and also the new law says that the name of every
man who has any claim to land shall be written in
the title. So that no land can be sold behind any

u

one's back, and every man will be able to get his
proper share of the money paid for the land.

In future, no Native will have to give any writing
over his land for survey, but the Court will order the
survey to be made, and the Native can pay the
Queen for the survey by giving her land instead of
money.

In all cases of sale of land or lease of land, the
Native and European, when they have made the
bargain, must go to the Court; and the Court will
bind the bargain (if it bo a fair one) in the day timo
and in public before all men. This is to avoid all
secret transactions.

I will now explain the different parts of the Act
more fully to you :—

Sections 1 to 19 refer to the constitution of the
Court, which is the same as before, with the same
men as Judges, some of whom live in Auckland,
some in Hokianga, and in Wellington.

Section 20 gives power to the Governor, if he
think fit, to stop any man making a survey, or to
stay any case in Court; but there must be a very
great reason given for this interference, otherwise
the Governor will not do so.

The Colony will bo divided into districts, like the
Provinces ; and whenever anything requires to bo
done in the Court, one of the Judges will come into
the district and open his Court in the most conve-
nient place for transacting the business.

Sections 21 to 32.—In every district there will bo
appointed an officer, who will mostly live in the
district, and will try to ascertain the names of the
tribes or persons to whom all the laud belongs, and
the extent of the land, so as to avoid quarrels in
future among Natives about their lands. The Natives
themselves can help him greatly in doing this. And
also he will ascertain Iho numbers of every man
woman and child in each tribe, and set apart a suffi-
cient quantity of land for all of these to cultivate.

No man will be able to sell the laud so set apart ;

and henceforward it will not be in the power of any
chief to yell all the land of the tribe and leave the
tribe without any land ; but by the new law every

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI

UI

whenua kore aua; engari Id te tikanga o te ture hou
me matua pa Id nga tane me nga wahine me nga
tamariki katoa korero ai, a ka waiho ano hoki tetahi
whenua rahi mo ratou katoa (kei te tokomahatanga
o ratou te tikanga) hoi nohoanga mo ratou hei mate-
nga mo ratou—no te mea e kore e tika kia hokoa
taua whenua e te tangata, kia tangohia atu ranei i a
ratou, kia panaia ranei ratou i tana whenua hei ma-
hinga ma ratou

Ko nga tekiona e timata ana i te 33 haere ki te 46
mo te whakawakanga a te Kooti i nga take ki te
whenua.

Ko te tekiona 33 e mea aua ki te mea o ki ana.
etahi Maori he whenua ta ratou (ara kia whakawakia)
me matua tono ratou ki te Kooti kia whakaritea Ida
ruritia taua whenua, kia hangaia hoki he mapi hei
whakaatu i nga rohe. Ko te tikanga o te ruritanga
ka korerotia mariretia e au akuanei.

Tekiona 34. Ko nga Maori e ki ana he whenua
ta ratou, a e hiahia aua kia whakawakia e to Kooti
to ratou take ki taua whenua, me tuku e ratou he
panui ki a to Kai-whakawa Tumuaki ki Akarana (a
te Penetana) he mea whakaatu i taua whenua me
ona rohe, me whakaatu hoki e ratou ki a ia nga ingoa,
o nga iwi mo nga tangata katoa e whai tikanga, ana
ki taua whenua ki la ratou whakaaro. Mehemea o
nui atu ana i te tokorua nga tangata e tono ana ki
te whenua (kia whakawakia). penei, kia tokotoru o
ratou e tuhituhi i o ratou ingoa ki te pukapuka
panui.

Tekiona 35. Na. no te mea o kore e tika o kore
hoki e whakaaetia kia mahia ngarotia tetahi mea, kei
te tukunga panui ki a to Kai-whakawa Tumuaki ki
Akarana o nga tangata, o tono ana ki to whenua (kia
whakawakia) 1110 tuku hold e ratou he panui ano ki
nga tangata katoa atu e mohiotia aua e ratou o tohe
ana ki taua whenua hei whakaatu ki aua tangata i Io
ratou tononga ki a to Penetana. A me tupato ratou
kia tae rawa ano taua, panui ki aua tangata, no te
mea ka meingatia kia korero marire ratou i ruto i te
Kooti te wahi i hoatu ai taua panui me te tangata i
hoatu ai.

Tekiona 36. No te mea ko nga mahinga katoa i
roto i te Kooti he mea mahi nui tonu i tu aroaro o
nga tangata katoa, na ho mea tika ia kia panuitia atu
kia hohoro to rongo nga tangata katoa ki tu takiwa e
noho ai te Kooti mo nga whenua katoa e meatia ana
kia whakawakia—no reira ka panuitia nga kereme
katoa ki to reo Ingarihi me te reo Maori i roto i te
Kahiti Pakeha mo to Kahiti Maori. a ka tukua atu
ki nga wahi katoa o Io motu.

Tekiona 37 me te 38. He tekiona enei o tau ana ki
runga ki nga mahi a etahi apiha he mahi uiui ki to
tikanga Id to peheatanga ranei o aua kereme i te wa
kaore ano kia whakarangona ara i mua mai o Ie
whakawakanga. He mea hoki kia ahei ai ratou te
whakakore i aua kereme whenua mehemea kaore i
tika, koi maumautia nga taima o te Kooti ki runga
Id te mea hanga noaiho, ki to mea whakarihariha kau
noaiho ranei.

Tekiona. 30. E ki ana tenei tekiona ko nga Maori
e tono ana ki te whenua me whakarite he tikanga, i
mua mai o Io whakawakanga, e taea ai io utu ki a to
Kuini mo te ruritanga o te whenua kua ruritia ra. He
mea tenei kia pono ai te utunga i a to Kuini mo to
mahi kua whakamahia e ia mo nga Maori.

Tekiona 40 tao ki te 44 mo nga nohoanga a te
Kooti, me to pataitanga a te Kooti ki nga kai 
korero.

Tekiona 45. He tikanga nui kei roto i tenei
tekiona. Ma tenei tekiona, ka kite ai nga Maori i te
rahi o te wahi e tika ana kia riro i tera i tera o ratou
i roto i tetahi piihi whenua puku. Na, ahakoa o
ahei ano te Kimi i te rahi o to wahi ki te tangata me
te pupuri tahi ano hold i te whenua puku ki a ratou
katoa mau ai; engari kei nga meatanga katoa e

man, woman and child will be counted, and a large
piece of land for the whole of them, in proportion to
their numbers, will be kept for them ; where they
can live, and where they may die, for it will not be
lawful for any one to sell that land, or take it away
from them, or prevent them from living on that land
and cultivating it.

Sections 33 to 46 refer to the investigation of
titles by the Court.

Section 33 declares that if any Natives claim any
land, they must in the first place apply to the Court
to have a survey made of the land, and maps pre-
pared showing the boundaries of Iho land. The
manner of making Iho survey I will speak about
presently.

Section 34.—Any Natives who claim any Iand, and
wish their title to bo investigated  by the Court must
give notice to the Chief Judge at Auckland (Fenton),
describing the land by boundaries, and telling him
the names of every tribe or persons whom they think 
also have A claim to the land. Where there are
more than two Natives claiming the land three of

them must sign the application.

Section 35.—As it is not allowed io do anything in
secret, the Natives who claim the land, when they
apply to the Chief Judge at Auckland must send a
notice to all the persons whom they believe also
claim the land to tell them that they have applied to
Fenton, and they must take care that these persons
receive that notice, ior they will have to  tell the
Court where the notice was delivered and to what
person it was delivered.

Section 36.—Ay all business in the Court is often
in public before  all men, it is required to  Iet all men
know in timo when the Court is going to sit and
what cl;ui!'.s aro Io bo licard. TIicreforu :\\}\\ eh'iims
ure publislied in .English and Maori in the Ga^cffc.
;ind in the Kahiti ;md .sent about ;ill ovc'r Ihe cou!itrv.

Sections ?>"! nini 3S rcfer to tlio duties oi' uiil'ercnt
olilccrs to make i;Kjuiries about tliesc c!;iiins bei'uro
tlicy aro l-.card, so tliat tliov in;iy bo nb!u In put a
?-;lop to Ihein if tlicy iT-ro not good (-•hiii;i?-, ;unl lo
])rcvcnt t!ic Court wasting time ovcr ;i c;i^u ^vliicli is
t'rivoloiis or vexatious-;.

Section 39 providcs th;it, befoi'c tlic cl;iiin is heard,
llio Natives wlio cluim tlio Ianei will nn'aiigo about
my ing the Qu?cn i'ov the survev that li;is been mado
of t!ie l;uid. Tins is to mako sure t!i;lt tl'.o Queen.
v>-ill bo paid Io;.' tlio work slio h;is liail done ior the
Natives.

Sections 40 to 41- retcr to tlic sittings oi't!ie Court.
and to tlic cxamln;ition of \\vitncsscs by t!ic Court.

Section 4.3 is ;i vcry important section by which.
Natives ni;lv ;"i:?ecrtam the exact amount: oi'' liic1 yliare
in anv piece of land to which each. indi.viJii:il Native
is entitled. Aiul altliougli they can always ;zsccrtaia
t'nis proportion of tlioir individual sliaro, ami yet
continuo to liold the whole block of tlio laiul ia
common, on tlio ot!icr hand, tlicy mu."it i;i cvcry

142

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

hiahia ana kia wahia te whenua i roto i a ratou me
kimi ano te rahi o te wahi ki tena ki tena o ratou

Tekiona 46. He tikanga nui a.no kei tenei tekiona.
Ki te maharatia he tikanga uaua nga tikanga i runga
i tetahi whenua, he tikanga e roa ai te mahinga i roto
i te Kooti, ma tenei tekiona ka tika ai nga Maori ki
te tuku i taua whenua ki tetahi kai-whakarite, ki te
pai ratou kia pera, a ma taua kai-whakarite e ata
whakarite i tetahi tikanga e tika ai ratou, a ka wahia
e ia te whenua mo ratou Hei reira ki te mea ka
whakaae nga tangata nana te whenua ki tana whaka-
ritenga me tuhituhi e ratou o ratou ingoa ki te
pukapuka whakatuturu i taua whakaritenga; a ka
tae ratou ki te aroaro o te Kooti, ki te marama to
ratou whakakitenga ki te Kooti i to ratou whakaae-
tanga katoatanga, katahi te Kooti ka whakaae ki
taua whakaritenga ka tuhia iho ki ro pukapuka. I
muri iho o tena kua tu taua whakaritenga hei ture, a
e kore tetahi Maori e tukua kia tohea kia puta ke
ranei i taua whakaritenga kua whakaaetia e ratou
ake ano.

Te tekiona 47 tae ki te 53. Ko aua tekiona mo te
tukunga a te Kooti i nga TUHINGA-WHAKAMAHARA-

TANGA  TAKE.

I raro i te ture tawhito he tiwhikete take te mea e
hoatu ana; engari kaore i tika kia rahi atu i te
kotahi te kau nga ingoa ki roto ki te tiwhikete ki ta
te ture, na reira hoki ka tuhituhia kotahi ano te kau
ingoa ki roto ki te tiwhikete, a i whakaarotia ai ko
nga tangata i tuhia o ratou ingoa ki roto ki te tiwhi-
kete hei tangata pupuri ratou i te whenua mo ratou
ake ano me etahi tangata tokomaha atu kaore i tuhia
o ratou ingoa ki roto ki te tiwhikete. Otira i etahi
meatanga he nui te kino i tupu ake i runga i te mahi
a nga tangata (kua tuhia ra o ratou ingoa ki roto ki
te tiwhikete) ki te hokohoko i te whenua me te mea
na ratou ake ano, me to ratou puritanga iho i nga
moni. Na, he mea he rawa tenei; no reira, kia kore
ai hoki taua kino, e ki aua te ture hou me mutu te
tuku tiwhikete take e te Kooti; a, hei mea kia ngaro
rawa ai taua he tawhito, ka karangatia he ingoa ke
ata mo te tuhinga e tukua ana e te Kooti me ka oti
tona whakatau i te take ki te whenua, ka kiia he

" Tuhinga-whakamaharatanga take " taua pukapuka;

a ko nga ingoa o nga tangata katoa e whai tikanga
ana ki te whenua tena me tena, ka tuhia katoatia ki
runga ki te Tuhinga-whakamaharatanga. No konei
ka kore e mahuetia ka kore e warewaretia tetahi
tangata mehemea ka hokoa ka ahatia ranei te
whenua.

E kore e taea te hoko atu i te whenua i te wa e
mau ana ki etahi Maori tokohia ranei ki te kore e
rite ratou katoa te whakakaae ki te hoko, engari e
taea ano te reti mo etahi tau e kore e hira atu i te
rua te kau ma tahi i te retinga kotahi. I peneitia te
tikanga kia ahei ai nga Maori te kimi whakaaro, me
ka taea te mutunga o te reti, kia hokoa pea e ratou
te whenua, kia wahia ranei, kia retia ano ranei hoki.
Me i kore e peratia he tikanga akuanei pea kua

whakaae nga Maori i tetahi rangi kia retia te whenua
mo nga tau e rima te kau ki te utu iti, taka atu ki
nga rangi i muri atu kua pouri ratou ki taua retinga,
otira ka taea hoki e ratou te aha—heoi tona tika-
nga ko te tatari marire ki te mutunga o aua tau e
rima te kau e taea ai he moni rahi ake mo te whenua.

Tekiona 50. Mo te tikanga kua korerotia nei ano e
au mo nga whakawakanga tako a te Kooti, ara ko te
tukunga panui ki nga tangata katoa mo te nohoanga
o te Kooti, koia ano hoki nga whakataunga a te Kooti

me panui katoa ano, kia rongo ai nga tangata katoa
ki nga ingoa o nga Maori i a ratou te whenua.

Tekiona 52. Ka tukua he kapi no nga pukapuka o
te Kooti, nga pukapuka e tiakina ana e te apiha i
tena takiwa i tena takiwa, ka tukua ki a te Kai"

case ascertain their individual shares in any case
where the Natives wish to subdivide the land amongst
themselves.

 Section 46 is also another important pro vision, by
which Natives can if they choose submit any case,
that may appear difficult and likely to lead to long
delay in the Court, to an arbitrator who will carry
out a fair and just arrangemenfc between the parties
by dividing the land between them. Then, if the
parties assent to that arrangement, they put their
names to the paper for giving effect to the arrange-
ment, and when they go before the Court, if they
satisfy the Court that all parties are agreed, the
Court will authorize the arrangement and write it in
a book, after which it will become law and no Native
will be allowed to depart from that arrangement,
which was made by their free will, or to question it.

Sections 47 to 53 refer to the granting by the
Court of MEMORIALS OF OWNERSHIP.

Under the old law certificates of title were given
by the Court, but there could not be written in the
certificate of title more than ten names ; and so
afterwards it used to be arranged that ten names
should be written in the certificate, and the men
whose names were written in the certificate were
intended to hold the land on behalf of themselves
and many-others whose names were not written in
the certificate. But great evil arose sometimes by
these ten men whose names were written in the
certificate, selling the land as if it were absolutely
their own, and keeping the money.

This was very bad ; to correct this evil the new
law says that there will not be any more certificates
of title given by the Court, and in order to forget
entirely the old evil, there will be a different name
for the writing given by the Court when it has deter-
mined any claim which will be called, a (: Memorial
of ownership." And the name of every man who
has any share in the land will have to be written on
the Memorial, so that there will not be any chance
of a man being passed over or forgotten when the
laud is dealt with in any way.

So long as the land remains in the ownership of so
many Natives, unless they all unanimously agree to
sell, the land cannot be sold, but it may be let to
any person for any number of years, but not more
than twenty-one years at a time. This is done for
the purpose of enabling the Natives, when any lease
is expired, to consider whether they will sell, or sub-
divide the land, or let it again. Otherwise, suppose
the Natives one day agreed to let the land for fifty
years at a small rent, they might be sorry for it in a
short time, but they would not be able to do anything
in the matter; they would have to wait fifty years
before they could get a larger rent for the land.

Section 50.—For the reason that I stated before,
with regard to cases to be heard by the Court, viz.,
that public notice must be given to all men of the
sittings of the Court; so it is also required that all
the decisions of the Court shall be published, in
order that every one may know the names of all the
Natives to whom any piece of land may belong.

Section 52.—For the purpose of security and
avoiding loss by accident or fire, a copy of the books
I of the Court that are kept by the officer in each

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

143

whakawa Tumuaki ki Akarana, ko tetahi kapi ka
tukua ki a te Minita mo te taha Maori ki Werengi-
tana; te tikanga o tenei he mea kia ora kia mau
tonu nga tikanga, kia kore e pau i te ahi, e ngaro i te
aha ranei, he mea hoki kia rongo tonu raua ki nga
mahinga katoa i runga i nga whenua Maori e mahia
ana i nga wahi katoa o te motu, kia ahei ai hoki raua
te arai i nga ngangaretanga me nga raruraru. Ka
tuhia ki roto ki aua pukapuka nga ingoa o nga
tangata no ratou nga whenua. Mehemea i kotahi
tonu te pukapuka, a ki te mea kawera taua pukapuka
i te ahi, katahi rapea ka nui te raruraru. Otira ka
kore tena he i runga i tenei tikanga e kawea ana
etahi kapi o aua pukapuka he wahi ke he wahi ke
takoto ai.

Tekiona 54 tae ki te 55. Kua whakaturia he ture i
era atu tau kua taha nei e tika ai te Kawana te
whakarite i etahi tangata hei kai-tiaki mo nga whenua
a nga tamariki Maori i te mea kaore ano kia tae o
ratou tau ki te rua te kau ma tahi; tetahi kia whaka-
haerea e aua kai-tiaki nga tikanga mo nga whenua a
nga tangata pakeke (nga tane me nga wahine) e
mate ana e kore aua e kaha ki te mahi i a ratou
mea—na, e mea ana enei tekiona me tuku he puka-
puka whakaatu ki a te Kawana i nga mea pera katoa
kia tiakina tonutia e ia nga whenua o nga tangata
pera, kei ho i te mahuetanga, kei pau ranei i runga i
te he noaiho.

Tekiona 56 me te 57. Mo te takanga ki nga
whenua o te tangata mate. Ko te tane Maori kua
taha atu ona tau i to rua te kau ma tahi, me te
wahine Maori hoki kua pera ano ona tau, ki te mea
he wahine ia kaore i marenatia, e ahei ana ki te tuhi- 
tuhi pukapuka hei whakaatu i te tikanga mo te
tuwhanga o tona whenua me ona taonga me ka mate
ia. A ki te tika te tuhituhinga o taua pukapuka, ki
te tuhia hoki i te aroaro o etahi kai titiro tokorua,
penei ka tuwhaina ano ona mea ete Ture i runga i te
tikanga o taua tuhituhinga, kaore i tetahi atu tikanga.
Ko taua tuhinga e whakahuatia ana he "Wira," a ko
te tikanga o taua kupu e mea ana ko te tangata nana
taua tuhituhinga e whakapuaki ana i tona hiahia, ara
e wira ana (tona tikanga, e hiahia ana) kia riro ona
mea ki tana tangata e whakaatu ai ia, kaore ki tetahi
atu; e wir a ana ranei kia mea taonga ki tona tama,
kia mea taonga ki to muri iho, kia mea. taonga hoki
ki ona tamariki wahine.

He mea tika ano kia tuhituhi wira nga tangata
katoa atu, otira engari rawa ano te mea kua marenatia
kua whai tamariki. Mehemea kua tuhia tona wira
ka whakahaerea e te ture ana mea ki roto ki ona
tamariki me tona wahine ki runga ki tana i hiahia ai.
Ki te mea kaore ia i tuhi wira, e kitea auautia ana
nga tamariki, nga tungane me nga tuahine, e whawhai
kino ana tetahi ki tetahi mo nga taonga o te tangata
kua mate kia riro i tetahi i tetahi ranei te nuinga.
Kaore he mea nui atu i tenei hei whakatupu i te
mauahara, i te pakanga, i te ngangaretanga noatanga
iho, ara ko te waihotanga noatanga a te tangata i ona
taonga i muri i a ia. Me ata whakaaro koutou ki
tenei. Me whakaaro tonu koutou ki taku kupu ki
a koutou. Tuhia a koutou wira.

Otira ko te he tenei, he nui nga tangata kai te kore
e tuhituhi wira; no konei ko enei tekiona e rua e
tuku mana ana ki te Kooti hei karanga i te tangata
mana e mau i nga taonga a te tangata mate, kia kore
ai aua tu ngangare kino i roto i ona tamariki me ona

whanaunga.

Tekiona 58. Mo te whakawakanga tuarua. E tika
ana ano ra te pouri e tau ana ki te tangata kua mate i
roto i te Kooti; otira e matau ake ana ia i roto i
tona hinengaro mehemea e tika ana te whakatau a te
Kooti. He mea ano ka puta te whakatau a te Kooti
i runga ite korero parau marire a nga kai korero, i te
korero he noa ranei a nga kai korero. Kei nga mea
pera e whakaaetia ana e te ture he mana kia whaka-

district is sent to the Chief Judge at Auckland/and
another copy is sent to the Native Minister at Wel-
lington, so that they may readily know all that is
going on about the Native lands in different parts of
the country, and be able to prevent quarrels or
trouble. In these books are written the names of
the owners of land. If there was only one book, and
that were burned, great difficulties would arise.
These are avoided by copies of the books being kept
in different places.

Sections 54 and 55.—A law having been passed
some years ago by which the Governor is enabled
to appoint trustees to take care of the property of
Native children until they are twenty-one years of
age, and also to administer the property of grown up
men and women who may be afflicted by illness and
unable to manage their own affairs, these sections
provide that notice of all such cases shall be given
to the Governor in order that he may at once be
able to take charge of the property of such people,
lest it should be damaged by neglect, or done away
with wrongfully.

Sections 56 and 57.—Succession.—Any Native man
above the age of twenty-one years, and also any
Native woman above that age, if not married, can
make a writing declaring the manner in which they
would like their property to be distributed in case of
their death; and if this writing is properly made and
signed before two witnesses, the law will distribute
the property according to that writing and in no other
way. This writing is called a " Will," and the word
means that the man who made that writing expresses
his wishes or will that such a person shall have hia
property, and nobody else; or he mills that his
second son shall have so much, and his daughters so
much, and his eldest son also so much.

It is the duty of every man, especially if he is
married and has children, to make his will. If he
has made his will, the law will distribute the property
among his wife and children according to his wishes ;

but if he has not made a will, you will often see
brothers and sisters fighting bitterly to see who will
get the largest share of the dead man's property.
Nothing creates so much hatred and enmity and
quarrelling as this neglect on the part of a man who
leaves his property in an unsettled state. Think
well of this, and think often of this my word to you—
Make your will.

But unfortunately, it too often happens that men
neglect to make their will ; and therefore by these
two sections power is given to the Court to declare
who is entitled to have the property after a man's
death, so as to avoid these dreadful quarrels in
families.

Section 58.—As to rehearing. Naturally enough,
a man who has had a case decided against him by
the Court, does not feel very happy ; but generally,
in hia conscience he knows whether the decision
given by the Court is a just one. Sometimes it
happens that a decision is given on false evidence, or
on mistaken evidence. In such cases the law gives
the power of hearing the case over again. But for

144

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

wakia ano. Engari te mea e pera ai me whakamarama 
rawa koutou ki a te Kawana e mohio ai ia he take
tika-rawa ta koutou take ; a, kia mahara tonu koutou,
me tono koutou ki te whakawa tuarua i roto i nga
marama e ono i muri iho o te panuitanga o te whaka-
taunga a te Kooti, ki muri iho o tena e kore e tika.
Kia mohio hoki koutou, kotahi tonu te whakawakanga
tuarua e whakaaetia; no te mea mehemea kaore i
pera, penei e ahei ana tetahi mea kia rua te kau pea
tau e whakawakia ana i roto i te Kooti—whakawa
atu, whakawa atu, E kore  rawa tenei e whakaaetia
e te ture o Ingarani. Ka mutu te whawhai, me tanu 
koe i te patiti.

Na, ko enei kupu aku, no runga i te hawhe tuatahi
o te Ture hou, he kupu ia e tau ana ki runga ki te
tikanga e taea ai e nga Maori te tono ki te Kooti kia
whakarangona a ratou kereme e ki te whenua, ki runga
hoki ki te whakatau a te Kooti, me te tikanga hoki o
te tukunga Tuhinga-whakamaharatanga take mo te
whenua.

Kia mahara koutou ki te tikanga. Tena pea kua
puta he tono ki te Kooti kia whakarangona tetahi
mea, na ka whakarangona e te Kooti ka whakataua
iho te whenua ki etahi tangata e rima te kau, ka
whakahuatia mariretia o ratou ingoa. Katahi ka
tukua mai e te Kooti he Tuhinga-whakamaharatanga
take, he ki mai na aua tangata e rima te kau kua
tuhia nei o ratou ingoa ki roto ki te Tuhinga-whaka-
maharatanga na ratou te whenua i runga i nga tikanga
me nga ritenga Maori, kaore i etahi tangata atu.
Hei tera wahi o taku korero, mo te taha whakamu-
tunga o taua Ture, ka whakaatu e au ki a koutou nga
tikanga e ahei ai enei rima te kau tangata te whaka-
rite mo runga i taua whenua i raro i te Tuhinga-
whakamaharatanga, te tikanga hoki e taea ai he
Karauna karaati hei whakarite mo taua Tuhinga-
whakamaharatanga, me te tikanga hoki e taea ai e
ratou te wawahi i taua whenua i roto i a ratou

PITIHERA KOPU.

I TE 11 o nga ra o Hepetema, kua taha nei i
hurahia ai i te Wairoa i Haake Pei te kohatu
i whakaarahia ki reira hei tohu aroha mo Pitihera
Kopu, i mate ra i te 11 o nga ra o Aperira, 1867,
a mahia ana i reira nga mahi i whakaritea mo
ia mahi. I te 12 o nga haora i te awatea ka hui ki
reira etahi o nga Hoia me nga Waratia o te Wairoa
hei hunga whakahonore mo Pitihera Kopu, hui katoa
ratou e ono te kau tangata—tokorima o ratou apiha,
ko to ratou rangatira ko te Pereti.

Katahi ka korero a te Piti, te rangatira o nga hoia
katoa o taua takiwa, ka mea ;—

"E aku hoa Maori kua hui mai nei. I tonoa
koutou kia hui mai ki konei i tenei rangi kia kite
koutou i te hurahanga o te kohatu kua whakaturia
e te Kawanatanga o Niu Tirani hei tohu mo to ratou
aroha ki te ingoa o tetahi rangatira nui o to koutou
iwi, ara a Pitihera Kopu, i mate ki tenei kainga i mua
ai, ka rima nei nga tau kua taha i muri mai o tona
matenga. E tauhou ana pea koutou ki tenei tikanga
whakanui i te tangata mate; otira kei taku whaka-
aturanga ki a koutou ko te tikanga a te Pakeha tenei,
o mua iho, hei whakanui i ona tangata nui, i ona
tangata tika, na me hari koutou i te tirohanga ki te
kohatu nei, te tohu o te kore he wareware o te
Kawanatanga o te motu ki nga mahi pai a taua
rangatira tika a Pitihera Kopu.

Me ki au ki a koutou kaore ano au nei kia kite
noa i a Pitihera Kopu; engari kua mohia rawa au ki
a ia ki tona rongo—tona rongo pai, rongo rangatira-
tanga nui, kua puta ra ki nga wahi katoa o Niu
Tirani.

Kotahi kupu ki muri nei ka motu ai taku korero.
Kua tono au ki te pouaru o Pitihera Kopu kia hura-
hia e ia te kahu whakauwhi i te kohatu, otira tena

this purpose, you must satisfy the Governor that
there is good reason on your side ; and always re-
member that you must apply for a rehearing within
six months after the decision of the Court has been
published ; after that it will be too late. Also re-
member there can only be one rehearing; for if it
were not so, a case might be kept for twenty years
in the Court, being heard and reheard over and over
again. This the law of England will never allow—
After the fight you must bury the hatchet.

The above remarks that I have made conclude the
first half of the Act, and refer principally to the
manner in which the Natives can apply to the Court
for the purpose of hearing any claim to land, and
deciding thereon ; and also the method of issuing a
Memorial of ownership for a piece of land.

Now suppose an application has been made to the
Court for the hearing of a particular claim, and the
Court having heard the claim decides that the land
belongs to fifty particular men. The Court gives a
Memorial of ownership declaring that the land
belongs according to Maori custom to those fifty men
whose names are written on the Memorial, and that
the land belongs to nobody else. I will show you in
my next remarks upon the last half part of the Act,
what these fifty men can do with the land under the
Memorial of ownership, and how they may obtain a
Crown grant in the place of that Memorial—or how
they can divide the land amongst themselves.

PITIHERA KOPU.

ON the 11th of September last, the monument erected
in memory of Pitihera Kopu, who died on the 11th of
April, 1867, was unveiled at the Wairoa, in Hawke's
Bay, with becoming ceremony. A guard of honor
composed of men of the Wairoa Rifle Volunteers,
and of the Armed Constabulary, in all five officers
and thirty file (under the command of Sub-Inspector
Ferris, A.C.), was drawn up in front of the monu-
ment at 12 noon.

Inspector Pitt, who commands the district, then
spoke as follows:—

" My Maori friends here present. You have been
asked to assemble here to-day to witness the unveiling
of a monument erected by the Government  of New
Zealand as a mark of the respect which they entertain
for the memory of a great chief of your race, Pitihera
Kopu, who died in this district some five years ago.
This manner of paying respect to the dead may seem
strange to you; but, when I inform you that for ages
it has been the custom of Europeans to pay respect
in a similar manner to their great and good men, you
should feel proud when looking at this monument
that the Government of the country have not for-
gotten the good services of the late loyal chief Pitihera
Kopu.

I may mention that it was never my good fortune
to meet Pitihera Kopu; but I know him well by
reputation, his fame as a great and loyal chief having
extended to all parts of New Zealand.

" Friends. I shall now close my address by inform-
ing you that I have requested the widow of the late
chief, Pitihera Kopu, to take part in these proceedings

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI

145

ano pea tona whakaaro i kore ai ia e whakaae. Ko
tenei kua whakaae a Ihaka Whanga mana o hura,
muri iho ka puta te tangi a nga hoia."

Katahi te kaumatua rangatira nei. te hoa a nga
Pakeha, a Ihaka Whanga, ka hura i te kahu i runga
i taua kohatu, a tu kau ana, katahi ka puhia nga pu
a nga hoia hei tangi atu.

Katahi a PAORA. TE APATU, ho rangatira rongo
nui ano, ka korero ki nga Maori kua hui ki reira. Ka
mea ia, na te Kawanatanga i tango i taua mahi mana
e mahi, ara to tikanga ia ma nga Maori ano e mahi,
no te mea ko Kopu to ratou kai whakaora. Me i
kore a Kopu kua kore ratou e noho i taua ranei i
runga i to rangimarietanga me te oranga. I ki a
Kopu i tona matenga kia mahia tonutia ana mahi pai
e nga Maori o te Wairoa i muri i a ia, a i mahia ano
e ratou tona hiahia taea noatia taua ra, a ka mahia
tonutia ano o ratou ako atu. Kaua e maharatia, e
heke to toto o te tangata i taua kainga—heoi te
whawhai ki roira ko to whawhai kupu, kaore te
whawhai pu. Ka whai tonu ratou ki te Ture ; a ki
te puta he kino i etahi o ratou, ahakoa ho kohuru ho
kino iti iho ranei, me tuku ki te Ture kia whaka-
wakia. E hiahia ana ia kia pona ho tikanga ki
Waikato, ka. kore ka kite a Waikato i te mate o roto
o te whawhai. Tana kupu, kaua te Kawanatanga.
nga pakeha noa atu ranei, e whakaaro tera e puta he
kino ki koua i runga i to haerenga o Henare Matua
kia kite i a ratou—e kore e pora, no to mea e hiahia
ana a ratou kia noho i roto i nga rohe o te Ture,
kaore i ko atu.

Ka korero ano hoki etahi rangatira  maori, ho pera
ano te ahua—a ka mutu i reira.

Ko nga kupu enei i runga i te kohatu ara :—

KO PITIHERA KOPU

HE RANGATIRA NO NGATIKAHUNGUNU, I MATE
I TE WAIROA,  TE TAU 1867.

Te hoa tuturu o te Pakeha.

I whakaarahia tenei kowhatu e te Kawanatanga o
Niu Tirani.

Hei mihi ki te hoa kua ngaro.

He tangata a Pitihera Kopu i whakaarotia nuitia i
arohaina nuitia e nga Pakeha ratou tahi ko nga
Maori o Haake Pei, a i tau te pouri ki taua kainga
katoa i tona matenga. I nga takiwa o te mahi
pokanoa mo te mahi kohuru a te Hauhau na te kaha
na te uaua a taua tangata, raua ko te kaumatua a
Ihaka Whanga, ki te awhina i nga pakeha torutoru
e noho motu ke ana i te Wairoa, i tau ai te toa me te
whakaaro ora ki roto ki o ratou ngakau, me i kore
kua kore ratou e noho tika. He tangata ia i pono
rawa te arohatanga me te whakahonoretanga ki a ia.
Kaore rawa atu he tukinotanga ki te tangata, tetahi
atu he pehea ranei, e ahei ai te whakapae ki a ia. Tena
etahi tangata nei e whakakake noa ana i a ratou, e
mea ana nui atu to ratou tika, aroha, aha atu ; engari
me whai aua tangata i muri i te tauira kua takoto i a
Pitihera Kopu. I te taone o Nepia i mua ai he mea
noa tona ingoa ki nga tangata katoa, e hapahapainga
ana e te tane, e te wahine, e te tamariki katoa—a ka
whakanuia ka arohaina tonutia tona ingoa e nga
tangata o reira i matau ki a ia. Ko tona kupu
whakamutunga ki a Ihaka Whanga, i a ia e whaka-
hemo ana, koia tenei;—" Kia atawhai ki te Pakeha,

ki te iwi katoa i muri i au."

Tera ano rapea kua whiwhi ia ki tona utu pai.
" Ko au te aranga mai, me te oranga ; ko ia e whaka-
pono ana ki a hau, ahakoa kua mate ia, e ora ano ia."

by unveiling the monument, but for reasons of her
own she has declined. Ihaka Whanga has consented
to do it, after which the guard of honor will give the
customary salute."

The venerable chief and friend of the Pakehas,
Ihaka Whanga, then removed the covering and
declared the monument unveiled, and the guard of
honor gave the customary salute by firing their guns.

PAORA TE APATU, influential chief, then addressed
a few words to the assembled natives. He said that
the Government had taken in hand the work of
erecting the monument, a work which ought to have
been done by the natives themselves, as Kopu had
been their saviour; had it not been for him they
would not have been living in the position of peace
and security which they occupied that day. Kopu,
at. his death, desired that his good works should bo
continued by the Wairoa natives, and his desire had
been carried out up to that Jay, and would continue
to bo carried out. There was no fear of blood being
shed in the Wairoa roa District; the war in future would
be a war of words, not of guns. They would act
according to law, and if any of their people com-
mitted an offence, either of murder or a lesser crime,
they would bo handed over to the law to be tried.
He would like to see that done in Waikato, otherwise
the Waikatos would discover the evils resulting from
war. Ho said the Government or the Europeans
must not think that because Henare Matua had been
amongst them in that district any bad results would
follow his visit—such would not bo the case, as they
desired to keep within Iho bounds of the law, and
not to pass beyond them.

Other chiefs? spoke to the same effect, and this
concluded the proceedings.

The following is the inscription ou the monu-
ment :—

IN MEMORY OF

PITIHERA KOPU,

A CHIEF OF NGATIKAHUNGUNU   WHO DIED AT 
TE WAIROA, IN THE YEAR 1867 :

The staunch friend of the Pakeha.

This Stone ia erected by the Government of
Now Zealand.

Pitihera Kopu was a man universally respected and
loved by both Europeans and Maoris in Hawke's
Bay, and his death cast a gloom over the whole
district. In the times of Hauhau aggression and
murder, the few and isolated European settlers of
the Wairoa were inspired with a confidence and
courage, which they would not otherwise have felt,
by the determined and energetic support afforded
them by him and the old chief Ihaka Whanga. He
was a man truly loved and honoured. No single act
of injustice or impropriety of conduct could ever be
brought tu his charge. His example might well be
followed by many who profess to a much higher tone
of morality. In the town of Napier his name was as
a household word to every man, woman, and child,
and his memory will there ever be revered by those
who knew him. His last words to Ihaka Whanga,
when dying, were ;—" Protect the pakehas and the
people (Maori) when I am gone."

We doubt not he has his reward. "I am the
resurrection, and the life ; he that believeth in me,
though ho were dead, yet shall he live."

146

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

HE TANGATA MATE.

Ko MERE PARARI no Ngatihaunui. No te 5 o
nga ra o Oketopa i mate ai ki Whanganui. He
wahine toa ki te riri, toa taua i nga riri a te Kawana-
tanga ki te Hau Hau.

TE MAHI KAI WAIPIRO.

[He mea tango mai no te KARERE MAORI, 1856.]

KOTAHI te mahi kino i homai e te pakeha ki tenei
whenua, ko te mahi inu waipiro. Katahi nei te taru
kino rawa, whakamataku, te toro haere nei i roto i
nga tangata Maori. Wehi pu ana matou i te rongo-
nga ai: he hohoro no te tupu o tera mahi kino, o tera
hara nui, te takitaro iho, kua kapi te whenua puta
noa whawhe noa. Ko tenei, kua whitu a matou tau
e whakahoa ana ki nga iwi tangata Maori e mahi
whakaako ana i a ratou, na konei i mea ai me puta
inaianei etahi kupu whakatupato mo matou, kupu
whakaatuatu i nga tukunga iho o tenei hango tinei
tinana, tinei wairua hoki, a te haurangi.

Na te Haurangi nga hara nunui o mua iho ano.
Ko te Muru-taonga, ko te Puremu, ko te Patu,
tangata, ko te Tinei-whakamomori, he mahi anake
enei na te Haurangi. Whanakotia ana nga whaka
aro i roto i te ngakau e te Haurangi; ngaro tonu iho
te ahua tangata, ahua kuri noa iho ana te ahua. Te
mohio te tangata hauranga ki ana mahi: akuanei ko
nga kino whakaharahara e kore nei e tata atu te
tangata i te wehi, akuanei, na te haurangi i whaka-
pohehe te ngakau, oti marie aua i taua tangata aua
kino te mahi e ia; a, nana ka atea i aua tu mahi,
tena i runga i tu tohe tonu ki te waipiro, hoki rawa
ana te tupu o te tangata, tutuatia ana, te tau ia hei
hoa mo nga tikanga tangata o to ratou kainga tahi.
He kai-uaua ta te waipiro. He mea whakaiwikore
i te tinana, he mea whakatupu mate hoki. Tutua
tonu iho i te haurangi te ngakau me te tangata tonu,
waiho rawa hei hanga whakamataku, hei hanga
whakahouhou marie ki etahi, a ki a ia ake ano.
Na te haurangi tera mate whakamataku te Wiri
Haurangi. Tetahi ingoa, ko te Ngakau Ihiihi. Ki
te pangia te tangata e tenei mate, tana hanga he
tuwehiwehi noa. iho, te ai he take mo taua wehi, he
mea hanga e tona ngakau ake ano nga whakamataku
mona. Ko nga whakaaro e manukanuka tonu ana e
ahua pouri tonu ana. E tito noa ana tona whakaaro
kei te whatupu kino nga hoa ki a ia, e whaia ana ia e
nga ngarara, e korero ana nga. manu me nga kararehe
ki a ia, e whakatoi ana, kaore, no tona ngakau
pohehe, kua horihori noa hoki nga whakaaro, hua noa
he tika ano. Tana. mahi he haereere wairangi noa iho,
titiro honihi ai nga kanohi ko tua i te tatau, ko raro
i te moenga, hori noa ana kei reira te kai patu mona
e huna ana. A, he wahi ano, kawea ana e te ngakau
pouriuri, ka haere, ka whakamomori, ka whakamate
i a ia, ka haere ranei ka patu i tetahi tangata kaore
nei i aha noa ki a ia. He tinitini nga tukunga iho
pera o tenei hanga o te Haurangi. He hanga totoro
nui ia; nawai i iti, i iti, kua rahi. Mea rawa ake te
whakaaro ki te pehi, ekore e taea, kua rakautia te
tupu. Ta te Ture whiu mo tenei mahi kino, mahi
kuware, me utu ki te moni; tetahi, ka maka ki te
whare herehere. Tenei hoki tetahi tikanga o teTure
mo te haurangi. Ki te pa te tangata ki te hara i te
mea e haurangi ana, ekore tona haurangitanga e
meinga o te Ture hei take whakaora mona.

MERE PARARI, alias Bloody Mary, of Ngatihaunui
hapu, at Whanganui, on the 5th instant. She was a
desperate female warrior, and a regular Amazon in
many a skirmish in the Government wars against the
Hau Haus.

DRUNKENNESS.

[Taken from the MAORI MESSENGER, 1856.]
THERE is a vice, of European importation, which we
grieve to learn, is making fearful and rapid inroads
upon our Native brethren,—the vice,—ay, and the
sin—of drunkenness. Although it may not bo our
province to lecture our native readers on this subject,
it is, nevertheless, our duty, as their friend and
instructor for the last seven years, to point their
attention to the ruinous consequences of indulging
in a vice alike destructive of body and soul.

Under the influence of intoxication, the greatest
of crimes have constantly been perpetrated :—rob-
bery, rape, murder, and suicide again and again have
sought to find excuse from the maddening effects of
drunkenness. It first robs the intellectual man of
his reason.; and then degrades him to a condition
such as the very lowest of the brute creation instinct-
ively shrink from. Under the influence of intoxi-
cating drinks, man becomes worse than a savage.
He is unconscious of his actions, and commits crimes
from which, in his sober senses, ho would shrink
aghast in horror. Even if he escape the commission
of any deadly sin, a continuation in drunkeness
renders him an unfit and unworthy citizen. Liquor
preys upon his vitals. It saps the very foundations
of health and strength. it impairs and prostrates
every faculty of the mind ; and renders the drunkard
an object of detestation to his well ordered fel-
low-men, and of misery and terror to himself. It
breeds a disease which has been called delirious
tremblings, or more characteristically, by others, the
horrors. A person laboring: under this self-inflicted
malady is the victim of imaginary terrors. His
thoughts are mostly distressful and anxious. Ho
fancies that people are persecuting him, that reptiles
aro running after him ; and that birds and beasts are
talking to and mocking him ; he looks suspiciously
behind the curtains or door, or under the pillow, and
wants to wander about. And in the extremity of
agony, it is of common occurrence for the miserable
being to terminate his sufferings by his own death, or
to heap sorrow upon the head of others by the
murder of those against whom he has neither
animosity or cause of provocation. Such are the
frequent causes of habitual intoxication. Drunken-
ness is a vice which grows upon those who indulge it.
It is a vice punishable by fine and imprisonment, and,
in law, is no excuse for any crime committed during
its existence.

Printed under the authority of the New Zealand Government, by GEORGE DIDSBURY, Government Printer, Wellington.