TE    WAKA    MAORI
O   NIU   TIRANI.
"KO  TE  TIKA, KO  TE  PONO, KO  TE  AROHA.'
VOL. 12.]
PO NEKE, TUREI, APERIRA 18, 1876.
[No. S.
HE KUPU WHAKAATU KI NGA HOA TUHI MAI.
He moni kua tae mai:—£ s.   d.
1876.—Hone Paraoa, o Hokianga         ...        ...    O 10   O
„      Tamihana te Wharehakaka, o te Awahuri,
Oroua, Manawatu.    Na R.  Puutu i
homai   ...        ...        ...        ...        ...    O 10   O
„      Te Raki  Roa,  o   te   Reinga,   Wairoa,
Haake Pei, he mea tuku mai na H.
H.  Kaa....        ...        ...        ...    O 10   O
Na Rihari Wunu, Kai-whakawa, o Whanga-
nui, mo—
1874-75.—Hawira Hemoata      ...        ...        ...    1   O   O
1875.—Rini Hemoata     ...        ...        ...        ...    010   O
1075-76.—Nehanera te Kahu    ...        ...        ...    010   O
1876.—Hakiaha   ...        ...        ...        ...        ...    O 10   O
„      Heremia    ...        ...        ...        ...        ...    O 10   O
„      Apera te Paea      ...        ...        ...        ...    O 10   O
„      Haimona Hiroti  ...        ...        ...        ...    O 10   O
„      Ihaka te Iringa    ...        ...        ...        ...    O 10   O
„      Mete Kingi         ...        ...        ...        ...    O 10   O
£6 10   O
Ko HOPARU e ki mai ana ko Hamahona Kaikaho, o Waikou-
aiti, kua marenatia ki a te Hira Nukumaitore ; to ra i marenatia
ai ko te 18 o Pepuere. E rua rau nga Maori i tae ki taua ma-
renatanga, he nui hoki nga Pakeha. I nui rawa te haringa me
te kai i reira, ko te purei kanikani i tae noa ki te weheruatanga
e kanikani ana.
Ko WIKI te PAA, o Parengarenga, Mangonui, e whakahua
mai ana i nga kupu a Paora te apotoro, ara;—" Na, tenei te
mau nei te whakapono, te tumanako, te aroha, enei e toru ; te
mea nui rawa ia o enei ko te aroha." Na, ko tana korero wha-
karite tenei mo aua kupu, ara;—" No te 6 o nga ra o Hanuere
ka haere matou ki Waimate, nui atu i te 120 maero te tawhiti
atu i to matou kainga. Kaore he whanaungatanga o tena iwi
ki a matou. I te 10 o nga ra o Hanuere ka haere matou ki
Paihia kia kite i te kohatu tohu whakamaharatanga ki a Ahiri-
kona Wiremu kua mate net. Te 11 matou katoa, ka homai be
hoiho mo matou e nga rangatira o Ngapuhi. Tenei te aroha, a
ka whakawhetai ano ahau mo tenei aroha. Te taenga mai o te
hoiho moku, kua haere ahau me toku hoa ano; he haere pai ano
ta maua haere, he oma iti nei, katahi ka hinga taku hoiho, mate
tonu atu! Katahi te mate! Tu iwikore noa iho ana ahau, tata
tonu ki te mate, i te pouri mo te taonga a te tangata ke ka mate
i a au. Pera ana ahau me te tangata i taka nei tona toki ki te
awa o Horano, i mea hoki ia ki a Eriha, te tangata o te Atua,
' Aue, e toku ariki! he told na te tangata.' Na, ka aue noa iho
ahau mo tenei taonga ka mate i a au, ka hoatu e au te hoiho hei
utu; ka mea nga tangata i te hoiho e kore ratou e pai kia utua,
na te mea i homai i runga i te aroha, ahakoa mate kia tutuki ai
te aroha. Na koia rawa te tino aroha! Ka ata kite iho au i te
pono o te kupu a Paora, ara, ' te mea nui rawa ia o enei ko te
aroha.' Kaore tenei aroha i nga iwi katoa nei, ina hoki, i
NOTICES AND ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Subscriptions received—£  s.   d-
1876.—Hone Paraea, of Hokianga        ...        ...    010   O
„       Tamihana te Wharehakaka, of the Awa-
huri, Oroua, Manawatu, per R. Booth,
Esq.   ...        ...        ...        ...        ...    O 10   O
„       Te   Raki Roa, of Te Reinga, Wairoa,
Hawke's Bay, per H. H. Carr, Esq.   O 10   O
From R. W. Woon, Esq., R.M., of Whanganui, for
1874-75.—Hawira Hemoata........1    00
1875.—Rini Hemoata........O 10O
1875-76.—Nehanera te Kahu........O 10O
1876.—Hakiaha         ...........O 10O
„        Heremia         ...........O 10O
„        Apera te Paea...........O 10O
„        Haimona Hiroti........O 10O
„        Ihaka te Iringa........O 10O
„       Mete Kingi    ...........O 10O
£6 10   O
HOPARU informs us that Hamahona Kaikaho, of Waikouaiti,
was married to Hira Nukumaitore on the 18th of February.
The wedding, he says, was attended by some 200 Natives and a
number of Pakehas. There was great rejoicing and feasting ou
the occasion, and dancing was kept up till a late hour.
WIKI TE PAA, of Perengarenga, Mangonui, quotes the words
of Paul the apostle;—"And now abideth faith, hope, charity,
these three ; but the greatest of these is charity." By way of
illustration, he says ;—" On the 6th of January last we went to
Waimate, a distance of more than 120 miles from our place of
residence. The people of that place are in no way related to us.
On the 10th of January we started for Paihia to see the monu-
ment which has been erected in memory of the late Archdeacon
Williams. There were eleven of us, and the chiefs of Ngapuhi
provided us with eleven horses. Here was charity, for which I
am sincerely thankful. I travelled in company with another,
and we did not push our horses beyond an easy gallop, but the
horse which I rode fell and was killed outright! Here was a
dilemma! I stood bereft of strength, and nearly dead with
fright for the loss of the property of a stranger while in my
possession. I was like the man who lost the axe head in the
River Jordan, and who exclaimed to Elisha, the man of God,
' Alas, master! for it was borrowed.' In my grief for the loss
of the horse I offered to give its owners another horse in its
place ; but they refused to take payment, saying it was lent in
charity and, tho' it was dead, they would take no payment, so
that their charity might be perfect. Here was charity ! Verily
I have experienced the truth of Paul's words, ' but the greatest
of these is charity.' All the tribes have not this charity, for
another of our people subsequently killed a horse, and the owner

88
TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.
tata iho ka mate tetahi hoiho i tetahi tangata no matou nei ano,
na kua tohe te tangata i te hoiho kia utua, a utua ana kotahi
hoiho e rua pauna."
Ko PIRIMONA te KAHU me TEOTI C. RIHI, o Waitotara, e
tono mai ana kia whakaaturia e matou nga ritenga o nga utu o
nga kai katoa o ia wahi o ia wahi, me nga taonga katoa atu, hei
matauranga mo nga Maori i runga i a ratou mahinga ki nga
Pakeha. Kua nui ano a matou kupu whakahoki ki etahi
tangata mo taua mea, i ki ra matou e kore e taea e matou te
whakaatu i nga utu taonga i nga wahi katoa atu o te motu, no
te mea he ritenga ke tona i tetahi wa he ritenga ke i tetahi wa,
he ritenga ke i tetahi wahi he ritenga ke i tetahi wahi. Ki te
mea ka panuitia atu e matou nga utu taonga ki Po Neke nei, na
he whakapohehe ia na matou i nga tangata e noho ana i nga
kainga i uta atu ; ka kitea hoki e ratou ko te utu mo a ratou
kai i uta e iti iho ana i to te taone ritenga, ko te utu hoki mo
nga taonga i roto i nga toa hokohoko e rahi ake ana i to te taone
ritenga; te take i pera ai, na nga moni pau i te kawenga atu,
na te aha atu. He nui nga ara e mohiotia ai e nga Maori te
utu o aua mea, a ko to ratou mohio ki aua ritenga e nui atu ana
i to matou.
Ko TAURAU KUKUPA, o Whangarei, Akarana, e ki ana i
makuturia ona tamariki tokorua e te Otene Kikokiko. E ki mai
ana a ia i te 27 o Hanuere nei ka hui nga iwi ki Kaihu, he haere
ki te Kooti Whenua Maori i te Wairoa, Kaipara. Ka toru ra e
whakawakia ana etahi whenua katahi ka mohiotia akuanei tika ai
a Taurau me ona hoa ki te whenua. Ka pouri a te Otene me ona
hoa ki tenei; na, muri iho, kua puta hoki ki waho o te Kooti
nga tangata, ka whakatika mai a te Otene " i roto i te tini o te
tangata" me tona " teki," katahi ka patua ki te waewae o Tau-
rau, he mea ihi taua teki, ara he mea karakia. I te 1 o nga ra
o Pepuere ka whakataua nga whenua ki a Taurau ratou ko ona
hoa, mutu iho te whakataunga ka pa te mate ki a Taurau, na te
" teki i karakiatia ra." Na tona kaha ka ora ia i te mate, engari
i te 13 o Pepuere ka pa te mate ki ona tamariki tokorua—ko
tetahi, ko Ema, i Whangarei e noho ana, ko tetahi, ko te Whao,
i te Wairoa e noho ana. Koia enei nga kupu a Taurau kei raro
nei, ara,—" I te 23 o nga ra ka mate raua tokorua, i te 4 karaka
o te ata ka mate a Ema, ona tau 25; i te 4 karaka o te ahiahi ka
mate a te Whao, ona tau 23—he mea makutu taua rua na te
Otene. E matauria ana hoki tona whakatauki, ara,—'Ko te
uri o Rangi, e kore te mango e tunua ki te ahi.' Ki te tunu te
tangata i tana mango, ka tae te. piro ki te iho o te uri o Rangi,
ka mate tena tangata; waihoki ko tenei, na Ngatiwhatua aku
tamariki." E mea ana matou e kore a Taurau e kite i te he o
ana whakaaro i runga i a matou kupu, ina korero matou. Ko
te whakapono a te tangata ki te makutu, me te mahi i nga mahi
whaiwhaia, he toenga ia kua tukua iho ki a tatou no nga mahi
o tera whakatupuranga o mua, ara o te wa o te kuaretanga me
te pouritanga; a e hari ana matou ki te mea kua whakarerea
nei aua mahi i naianei e nga iwi Maori o Niu Tirani e whai
matauranga ana. Heoi, kia mohio to matou hoa, a Taurau, ko
ona tamariki i mate kongenge noa iho ano. E ki ana he toko-
maha nga Maori, he nui hoki nga Pakeha, i tae ki te nehunga i
te 27 o nga ra o taua marama."
HAKIAHA TAWIAO me etahi atu, o Maraekohai.—Ko te mea
e korero mai nei koutou kua tukua ki a te Putu, Komihana, kia
whakaaturia mai e ia te tikanga.
HEMI WARENA me UTIKU MARUMARU.—Kaore e pai a
korua reta mo te nupepa nei.
Ko te tangata tuku moni mai mo te nupepa nei, me tuku mai
ki te Kai Tuhi tonu o te Waka, kia kore ai e he.
Hekupu atu tenei ki etahi o nga hoa tuhi mai, ara kaore
matou e pai ana ki te ta atu i nga reta ingoa kore, e hara tena
i te tikanga na matau; engari me tuhituhi tonu e te tangata
tuhi mai tona ingoa tuturu.
Ko nga reta a Himia Maniapoto, o Turakina ; Tame Parata,
o Waikouaiti; W. W. H., o Ohinemutu, me Henere Wira, o
Kaiapoi, hihai i tae wawe mai, e taea ai te panui atu i tenei
putanga o te Waka.
HE TANGATA MATE.
HONA TAIKO, o Ngatikoata. I mate ki Rangitoto, i te 5 o
Maehe, 1876.
RANGITUKEHU, ki Whakatane, i te marama o Hanuere, 1876.
RUIHA ANA, tamahine a Ihaia Waitiri, wahine marena a
Teoti Pitama. I mate ki Ruapuke, Murihiku, i te 16 o Maehe,
1876, ona tau 21.
KAWAKA MATIU KIHEPANE, ki Waikouaiti, i te 27 o Maehe,
1876, ona tau 23. He piwa tona mate.
MIRIATA TAIAMAI, wahine a Rotohiko Haupapa, he rangatira
no te Arawa. I mate ki Ohinemutu, Rotorua, i te 22 Maehe,
1876
TE UTU MO TE WAKA.
Ko te utu mo te Waka Maori i te tau ka te 10s., he mea utu
ki mua. Ka tukuna atu i te meera ki te tangata e Mahia ana
me ka tukua mai e ia aua moni ki te Kai Tuhi ki Po Neke nei.
insisted on being paid for it, and another horse and £2 were
given to him for it."
PIRIMONA TE KAHU and GEORGE C. REES, of Waitotara
ask us to publish the market prices of all produce, marketable
commodities, and merchandise generally, as a guide for the
Natives in their dealings with the Europeans. We have several
times stated, in answer to other correspondents, that we cannot
undertake to give the prices of such things which obtain in
various parts of the colony, as they vary at different seasons and
in different places. Were we, for instance, to publish a list of
Wellington prices, we should be only misleading Natives who
live in the country; they would find the prices obtainable for
their produce in the inland districts considerably less than those
in the towns, and the prices of the goods which are sold in the
stores proportionably higher, owing to cost of carriage and other
causes. The Natives have abundant opportunities of learning
the prices of such things, and, as a rule, they know them much
better than we can inform them.
TAURAU KUKUPA, of Whangarei, Auckland, ascribes the
death of his two children to the magic arts of Otene Kikokiko.
He says that on the 27th of January last, the Natives mustered
at Kaihu to attend a sitting of the Native Land Court at the
Wairoa, Kaipara. After three days had been consumed in
giving evidence respecting certain blocks of lands, Taurau and
his party appeared to be gaining the advantage. This gave
offence to Otene and his friends, and, subsequently, the Court
having adjourned. Otene arose and " in the presence of all the
people," struck Taurau on the leg with his stick, which had
previously been submitted to the power of enchantment. On
the 1st of February, the decision of the Court was given in
favour of Taurau's party, and, thereupon, Taurau immediately
sickened under the influence of the " enchanted stick." From
the great strength of his constitution he escaped death, but on
the 13th of February his two children were smitten—one, Ema,
residing at Whangarei, and the other, Te Whao, residing at the
Wairoa. " On the 23rd," he says, " an 4 o'clock, a.m., Ema,
aged 25 years, died, and on the same day, 4 o'clock p.m., Te
Whao, aged 23 years, died—both victims of the occult arts of
Otene. The old saying is well known, namely,—'In the pre-
sence of the descendants of Rangi a mango (shark) must not be
roasted.' If a man roast his mango in the presence of the
descendants of Rangi, when the odour reaches their nostrils that
man will die ; and so my children have been destroyed by Nga-
tiwhatua." We fear that anything we could say would not
convince Taurau of the absurdity of his conclusions. The belief
in, and practice of, witchcraft is a vestige of a past age of ignor-
ance and darkness, and we are happy to say it has been dis-
carded by the more intelligent tribes of New Zealand. Our
friend Taurau may rest assured that his children died from
natural causes. A large number of Natives and many Europeans,
we are told, attended the funeral, which took place on the 27th
of the month.
HAKIAHA TAWIAO and others, of Maraekohai-—The matter
about which you write has been referred to Mr. Booth for his
report.
HEMI WARENA and UTIKU MARUMARU.—Your letters are
unsuitable for our columns.
To prevent mistakes, subscribers are requested to forward
their subscriptions direct to the Editor of the Waka.
We desire to inform certain of our correspondents that, as a
rule, we object to publishing anonymous letters ; we require to
know the real names of the writers.
Letters from Himia Maniapoto, of Turakina; Tame Parata,
of Waikouaiti; W. W. H., of Ohinemutu, and Henry Wira, of
Kaiapoi, were received too late for insertion in this issue.
DEATHS.
HONA TAIKO, of Ngatikoata, at Rangitoto, on the 5th of
March, 1876.
RANGITUKEHU, at Whakatane, in the month of January,
1876.
LOUISA ANN, daughter of Isaiah Waitiri, and wife of George
Pitama, at Ruapuke, Southland, on the 16th March, 1876, aged
21 years.
KAWANA MATIU KIHEPANE, at Waikouaiti, of fever, on the
27th of March, 1876, aged 23 years.
MIRIATA TAIAMAI, wife of Rotohiko Haupapa, an Arawa
chief, Ohinemutu, Rotorua, on the 22nd March, 1876.
TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.
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TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.
89
Te Waka Maori.
PO NEKE, TUREI, APERIRA 18, 1876.
TE KITENGA O  TE  MOANA  PAHIWHIKI.
(He mea tango mai i roto i tetahi pukapuka i huaina ko, " Te
Ao e nohoia nei e tatou.")
I TERA tau i taia atu e matou nga korero o te kitenga
o Amerika e Koromopahi. Ko tenei, e mea ana
matou kia taia atu te kitenga o te Moana Pahiwhiki:
ara ko tera moana e takoto ana i te taha ki te hau-
auru o tera whenua nui rawa nei o Amerika—ko te
Moana Ataranatiki nei kei te taha rawhiti o
Amerika e takoto ana, ara nana i mawehe atu
Amerika i Ingarani, i luropi hoki. Kei ta matou kore-
rotanga i tenei korero, akuanei ka whakahua matou i
etahi ingoa kainga, whenua hoki, e tauhou ai o matou
hoa Maori e titiro ana i tenei nupepa; engari hei
mahi ahuareka ia. mahi tika, ma nga tamariki me nga
taitamariki e haere ana ki nga kura, te kimi i aua
ingoa me te takotoranga o aua kainga i runga i te
mapi o te Ao : tera hoki a ratou kai-whakaako e hari
rawa ki te awhina i a ratou ki runga ki taua mahi.
Ma konei ka nui haere ai to ratou mohiotanga ki te
ahua o te ao, ka ata marama hoki ki a ratou tenei
korero ka korerotia atu nei, me etahi atu tu korero
penei ano ; ka mohio hoki ratou te whakaatu ki o
ratou whanaunga te takotoranga o nga whenua e
korerotia e matou akuanei:—
Na, kua kite tatou ko Koromopahi te tangata tua-
tahi i toa ki te whakawhiti i te Moana Ataranatiki.
Na tona toa hoki i kitea ai etahi whenua i ngaro rawa
i nga iwi o luropi i mua atu. No te takotoranga o
te ara kua takoto nei i a Koromopahi, he mea noa te
whai atu i muri a etahi tangata whakatere kaipuke,
tangata manawa-nui. Na, he nui nga Paniara i haere
ki te kimi whenua ano i te ara kua takoto nei i a
Koromopahi ; a, no reira, kihai i roa rawa ka whano
pa pau te takutai katoa o Amerika e te tangata te
haere—ara, te taha ki te moana Ataranatiki.
Ahakoa kua rere haere a Koromopahi i te taha o
tetahi wahi o te tahatika o Hauta Amerika, kaore
rawa ia i mohio ki te roa rawa ki te nui whakahara-
hara rawa o taua whenua. Ko tetahi o nga Paniara i
haere tahi ra i a Koromopahi, i tona rerenga tuarua,
whakaaetia i muri iho e te kingi o Peina kia rere ano
ia ki te kimi whenua i taua wahi o te ao ano, ko
Aranoho te Otiita tona ingoa. Na, ka rere taua ta-
ngata ki te Ao Hou (Amerika) raua ko Ameriko
Wepuhai, te tangata nona nei te ingoa i tapaa ki
runga ki Amerika, ahakoa na Koromopahi i kite, nona
ke te ingoa i tapaa ki runga—ko te tiaati (mapi nei)
i mahia e Koromopahi i waiho e Otiita hei tohu i te
ara mona. Na taua mapi ka tae ia ki te whenua o
Amerika, ka rere haere ia i te akau o te kokorutanga
o Paria, tae tonu atu ki Marakapana.
Ka takitaro e noho ana katahi ka rere tonu ka tae
ki tetahi kokorutanga nui, roa rawa, aua tonu atu
ki roto ki te whenua, me te mea he roto marino
marire te ahua. He kainga tangata e tu ana i te taha
ki te rawhiti o taua kokorutanga ; e rua te kau pea
nga whare o taua kainga, he mea ahua rite ki te pere
nei me ka taupokina tona ahua o aua whare ; ko aua
whare he mea poupou ki te moana, he papaku hoki ia
i taua wahi, kei runga i aua pou o ratou whare e tu
ana, penei.me te pataka Maori nei. I tapaa e Otiita
he ingoa, mo tenei kokorutanga ko Wenehuira, a e
mau nei ano taua ingoa i naianei ano. He kokoru
ano, ara he roto, kei te taha ki roto rawa o tau
kokorutanga, he ara whaiti rawa tona ara atu, ko
Marakaipo te ingoa o taua roto. Heoi, katahi ia ka
rere tonu i te taha hauauru o te kokorutanga nui
Paria, ka huri ki tua o te kumore o Marakaipo, rere
haere tonu i te akau o taua whenua hou, whenua nui
The Waka Maori.
WELLINGTON, TUESDAY, APRIL 18, 1876.
THE DISCOVERY OF THE PACIFIC OCEAN.
(Compiled chiefly from a little book entitled " The Earth we
Live on.")
LAST year we gave our readers an account of the
discovery of America by Columbus, and we now pro-
pose to give them an account of the discovery of the
Pacific Ocean, lying on the western side of the great
American Continent—the Atlantic Ocean being on
the eastern side, separating America from England
and Europe. We shall have occasion in the follow-
ing sketch to mention the names of places which
will necessarily be strange to our Maori readers ;
but the Maori youths and young men who attend
the schools will find it a pleasing and profitable
employment to trace out on the map of the world
the names and positions of those places, and, without
doubt, their teachers will gladly assist them in the
search. By this means they will increase their
geographical knowledge, and be enabled to follow
us intelligently in what we may write on this and
similar subjects ; they will also be able to tell their
friends something about the position of the places
of which we shall have to speak:—
Columbus, as we have seen, was the first man bold
enough to venture across the Atlantic. His boldness
was rewarded by the discovery of lands till then
unknown to Europeans. When once the way had
been pointed out, it was easy for other navigators to
follow. Accordingly, many Spaniards undertook
voyages of discovery in the same track that Colum-
bus had made known; and by degrees nearly the
whole coast of America was explored—that is to
say, on the side of the Atlantic.
Although Columbus had sailed along a small part
of the Continent of South America in his second
and third voyages, he was not aware of its vast
extent. One of the Spaniards, by name Alonzo de
Ojeda, who had accompanied him in his second voy-
age, having obtained leave to pursue discoveries,
sailed for the New World with Amerigo Vespucci,
the man who, as before mentioned, gave America
its name, although Columbus was the first to dis-
cover it, and he (Ojeda) directed his course by the
chart that Columbus had made. By the help of this
he reached the Continent of America, sailed along
the coast of the Gulf of Paria, and so continued
until he arrived at Maracapana.
After some delay he sailed on until he arrived at
a vast deep gulf, resembling a tranquil lake, on the
eastern side of which was a village consisting of
about twenty houses, shaped like bells, and built on
piles driven into the bottom of the sea, which is here
very shallow. Ojeda gave to this gulf the name of
Venezuela, which it bears at the present time. At
the bottom of the gulf is an inner gulf or lake, with
a very narrow entrance, called the Lake of Mara-
caibo. He continued his voyage along the western
shores of the gulf, and standing out to sea, doubled
Cape Maracaibo and pursued his coasting voyage
from port to port of this unknown continent, until
he reached the long stretching headland called Cape
de Ia Vela. The bad state of his ships then forced
him to return to Spain. He had sailed from Port
St. Mary in May, 1499, and he arrived back at Cadiz
in June, 1500.

90
TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.
whakaharahara, tae tonu atu ki te kumore roa e toro
atu ana ki te moana, ko te Keepa te ra Wera tona
ingoa. Katahi ia ka hoki mai ki Peina, he kino hoki
no ana kaipuke i hoki mai ai, he pipi ake no te wai
ki roto. I rere atu ia i te whanga o Tini Meri i te
marama o Mei, 1499, a i hoki mai ano ia ki Ketihi
(kei Peina) i te marama o Hune, i te tau 1500.
Tera hoki tetahi tangata i rere ki te Ao Hou i te
tau 1499, ko lenehe Pinihana tona ingoa ; ko tetahi
ia o nga maia nana a Koromopahi i awhina i tona
rerenga tuatahi, i haere tahi ano hold raua i taua
haerenga a Koromopahi (i te tau 1492). Ka rere
atu ano taua tangata i Parohi (he taone i te akau o
Peina) i te marama o Tihema, i te tau 1499, a ka kite
ia i te whenua (o Amerika) i te marama o Hanuere, i
te tau 1500. I nui te mate o tenei tangata i te
maranga, i te tupuhi; i pahemo mai hoki ratou ki te
taha tonga o te raina, no reira ka ngaro atu i a ratou
te Whetu tohu o te taha Raki. (Te tikanga o tenei
kupu o te " raina," ko te wahi tonu o waenganui o
te ao nei, puta noa ki tetahi taha ki tetahi taha, taia-
whio noa, he ahua porotaka hoki te ahua o te ao nei
—heoi, karangatia ana taua wahi ko te "raina,"
tetahi ingoa, ko te " ikueta." Kia mahara koutou
ki tenei.) No te korenga e kite i taua whetu ka
wehi rawa nga heramana, ko to ratou tino mea hoki
tena e waiho ana hei tohu mo ratou. Kihai ratou i
mohio ki te ahua porotaka o te ao, mahara ana he
papatahi tika tonu, no reira ratou ka rapurapu ki te
ngaronga o taua whetu ka nunumi atu ra. Ko Keepa
Tini Akahitini te ingoa o te wahi o te whenua kua
kitea nei e Pinihana; he kumore ia e rima rau e rima
te kau ma ono maero te mataratanga mai i te raina,
ki te taha Tonga.
Na te hianga rawa, na te riri rawa, o nga tangata
whenua o taua wahi, ara nga Iniana, i kore ai ia e
eke ki uta; no konei ka rere tonu ia ki te taha kape-
kape tae noa ki tetahi wahi kotahi rau e rua te kau
maero te mataratanga mai i te "raina," (ara te
"ikueta," kua oti nei te whakamarama). I konei
ka kite ia i te awa nui rawa ra, a te Marahikona,
tetahi ingoa ko te Amahona. Nui atu i te iwa te
kau maero te whanui o te ngutu-awa, o taua awa; ka
wai-maori tonu atu te moana i te wai o taua awa, tae
noa atu ki te kotahi rau e rua te kau maero te roa o
te rerenga o te wai-maori ki waho ki te moana.
Katahi ia ka whiti ano ki te taha raki o te " raina,"
katahi hoki ka kite atu ano i te whetu tohu o te pito
ki te raki rawa o te ao, ka rere tonu ia i te akau, ka
pahemo atu ia i te ngutu-awa o te awa o Oronoko,
rere tonu ka tae ki te Kokoru o Paria. Muri iho ka
hoki ia ki Peina, ka u ki Parohi i a Hepetema, 1500.
Ko Pinihana te Pakeha tuatahi i whiti i te "raina"
i te moana o te taha hauauru. Ko ia hoki te tangata
nana i kite tuatahi i te whenua o Parahiri.
I muri iho o taua rerenga o Pinihana, ka rua ano
rerenga o Otiita, a ka kitea te Akau o Amerika
timata i Kepa te ra Wera tae ki Werakiua ; ua, ko
tenei kua mohiotia e nga Paniara te akau katoa ki te
taha rawhiti o te whaititanga o te whenua o Teeriana,
ka timata hoki e ratou te whakanoho tangata ki
reira. Engari kaore rawa ratou i mohio ki te akau '
te taha hauauru o Teeriana, ara o te moana Pahi-
whiki; kihai hoki ratou i mohio ki te whaiti rawa o
taua wahi e nohoia ana e ratou, ara te whaititanga
o Teeriana, te wahi whenua e hono nei i Nota
Amerika ki Hauta Amerika. Kihai rawa ratou
rongo korero whakaatu mo nga wahi ki uta rawa, no
te mea he mahi nanakia rawa ta ratou mahi ki te
patu i nga Iniana hara kore, ko te iwi hoki ia man
e whakaatu mai i te ahua o te whenua i uta, kaore he
ara ke atu e rongo ai i te korero.
I te tuatahi he nui te pai o aua iwi Iniana ki nga
Paniara, he manaaki, he aroha, he marere noa mai a
ratou mea katoa. Otira ko te mahi a aua Paniara he
utu i te pai ki te kino, ki te taware, no kona kihai i
Another of the companions of Columbus, one of
the brave men who had helped him in his first enter-
prise, by name Yanex Pinzon, also in 1499 under-
took a voyage to the New World. He sailed from
Palos in December of that year, and beheld land on
the 28th of January, 1500. This navigator suffered
much from storms, and also, having crossed the
Equator, lost sight of the Polar star. The sailors
were exceedingly alarmed at this circumstance, as
the Polar star was relied on by them as one of their
surest guides. Not knowing the shape of the earth,
they could not understand what hid this star from
their view. The land that Pinzon had discovered was
Cape St. Augustine (in 8 degrees South latitude),
the most projecting part of the extensive country of
Brazil.
As the fierceness of the Indians of this coast made
it unsafe to land, he continued his voyage without
delay to the north-west until he arrived within forty
leagues of the equinoctial line. Here he fell in with
the mighty river Marascon or Amazon, the mouth of
which is more than thirty leagues, or ninety miles, in
breadth, and the water of which enters more than
forty leagues into the ocean without losing its fresh-
ness. He now recrossed the Line, and coming again
in sight of the Polar star, he pursued his course along
the coast, passed the mouth of the Oronoko River,
and entered the Gulf of Paria. He afterwards re-
turned to Spain, and arrived at Palos in September,
1500.
Pinzon was the first European who crossed the
Equator in the Western Ocean. He also is the
discoverer of Brazil.
After this voyage of Pinzon, Ojeda made two other
voyages, and the coast of South America was dis-
covered from Cape de la Vela to Veragua; so
that the whole of the Atlantic or eastern coast of the
Isthmus of Darien was thus known to the Spaniards,
and they now began to make settlements there. But
they knew nothing of the Pacific or western coast,
nor did they know how narrow that neck of land was
upon which they were. In general they obtained
but little information about the interior of any part
of the country, because they behaved everywhere
with injustice and cruelty to the inhabitants, the
unoffending Indians, from whom alone they could
expect to learn anything.
At first, these poor people received them in full
confidence, and were willing to let them share every-
thing that they possessed. But the shameful con-
duct of the Spaniards, who repaid kindness with

.TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.
91
roa ka riria nga Paniara e aua Iniana ina kitea e eke 
mai ana ki uta, ara ka whakamatau ratou ki te whaka-
hoki atu. Ka kite nga Paniara i taua ahua riri o
nga iwi Iniana, katahi ka mahi ratou me te mea no
ratou ake te whenua katoa ; ka tohe tonu ratou ki te
patupatu i nga Iniana, ki te tango i o ratou whenua,
ki te tahu hoki i o ratou whare. Na tenei ahua
nanakia kino rawa o ratou i kore ai ratou e rongo
wawe ki te Moana Pahiwhiki, i nui ai hoki te raru-
raru me te mate i pa ki a ratou i to ratou whakama-
tauranga ki te whakanoho kainga ki uta, i nui ai hoki
te matemate o nga Iniana, u a ratou.
Te take o te rerenga tuatoru o Otiita he whaka-
noho kainga ki uta. Ko Paranahiko Piharo tetahi
tangata i haere i a ia, ko te tangata ia nana i kite i
te whenua o Peru i muri iho. I rere atu a Otiita i
Hana Tomingo i te tau 1509, he moutere ia kei taua
moana ano, kei te Weta Inia, kua nohoia ketia e nga
Paniara ; ka whano ka tae ki te hotoke ka u ia ki te
whanga o Kaatatiina. Na, kua mohio nga Iniana o
aua wahi ki te alma o nga Paniara; a kitea ana e
nga Paniara akuanei hei take riri rawa te whakanoho
kainga ki reira. Ko nga hoa mohio o Otiita i tohe
ki a ia kia kaua e eke ki uta i taua wahi, ko ia i tohe
tonu kia whawhaitia nga iwi i uta, kia wehi ai ratou,
kia rongo ki a ia. Otira he nui ratou aua iwi, he
maia hold ki te riri; na, ka nui nga Paniara i mate ki
reira, me Otiita hoki ka whano ano ka mate. Engari
i puta ano ia me etahi morehu, tae ora mai ana ki
runga ki a ratou kaipuke. Muri iho ka eke ano
ratou ki uta i te taha rawhiti o te kokoru o Urapa,
tona ingoa i naianei ko te Kokoru o Teeriana ; hanga
ana e ratou to ratou pa ki reira, huaina ana ko Hana
Hepatiana.
I taua takiwa ano ka u ki uta tetahi atu Paniara,
ko Naikiuha tona ingoa; ka hanga ano hoki ia i
tetahi pa i te Whaititanga o Teeriana, ka huaina taua
pa ko Nomopa te Tiohi, kaore i matara rawa mai i te
whanga o Pootopero.
Tera hoki tetahi heke no Peina i rere ki taua
whenua ki te whakataki i a Otiita me ana hoa
Hana Hepatiana, ko Enehaiho te ingoa o te rangatira
o taua heke. Tera tetahi tangata i haere mai i roto
i taua heke, ko Pahiko Nunehe te Parapoa tona ingoa.
He whai-rawa ona whanaunga, engari kua rawa kore
ia i ana mahi he, kua mate i te nui o ana nama. E
wehi tonu ana kei hopukia ia mo ana nama ka kawea
ki te whare-herehere. No konei ia ka whakanohoia
ki roto ki te kaaho e ona hoa, ka kawea ki runga ki
te kaipuke a Enehaiho, mahara noa nga tangata he
kai i roto i taua kaaho. Ka mau ki tawhiti atu o
Hana Tomingo ta ratou kaipuke, katahi ka puta mai
ia ki waho o tona wahi i huna ai. I te tuatahi ka
riri a Enehaiho ki a ia kua tahuti mai nei i te whiu
mona mo ona he; engari i mohio ano a Enehaiho he
maia taua tangata ki te awhina i a ia ki runga ki tana
mahi ka haere nei ia, no reira ka murua ona hara, ka
haere pai ratou.
I taua takiwa kua he rawa te kainga i Hana
Hepatiana, kua mahue hoki e nga tangata; i nui
hoki to ratou mate i te mahi riri tonu a nga Iniana
ki a ratou, kua mutu hoki te whakamanawanui a aua
iwi ki nga mahi he, mahi nanakia, a nga Paniara.
muri tata iho o te taenga o Enehaiho ki Kaatatiina
ka tae ake a Piharo ki a ia, ratou ko nga morehu
o te kainga o Haua Hepatiana. Otira, i tohe tonu a
Enehaiho kia rere tonu ia ki taua kainga, ahakoa ka
rongo ia ki te mate, ka kite hoki i nga morehu, ka
tohe tonu ano ia ki te haere ki reira. Heoi, i tona
taenga atu ki Hana Hepatiana ka kite ia i te pono
o te korero a Piharo ; heoi te mea i rokohina e ia ki
reira he whare pakarukaru i te whenua e pu aua.
taua wahi ka pa auau tonu te mate ki a ia. I te
tuatahi ka paea tona kaipuke ka pakaru, muri iho
ka whawhaitia ia e nga Iniana. Katahi ia ka pouri
deceit and cruelty, soon made the Indians endeavour
to prevent their landing, and to resist their corning
among them. Upon this, the Spaniards acted as if
the whole country belonged to them, and in every
possible way tried to kill the Indians, and seize their
Land, and burn their houses. It was owing to this
disgraceful conduct that they did not sooner hear of
the Pacific Ocean, and that all their attempts to
plant colonies were attended with so much suffering
to themselves, and so much destruction to the poor
Indians.
Ojeda's third voyage was undertaken expressly to
found a settlement, and he had with him Francisco
Pizarro, who was afterwards known as the discoverer
of Peru. Ojeda sailed on this voyage in 1509, from
San Domingo, a large island in the West Indies,
previously occupied by the Spaniards, and late in the
autumn arrived in the harbour of Carthagena. Al-
ready the character of the Spaniards was well known
to the inhabitants of these parts; and it was soon
seen that it would be impossible to make a settle-
ment there without a struggle. Ojeda was advised
by his more prudent friends to retire, but he resolved
to land and reduce the natives to submission by
force. But they being numerous and warlike, he
nearly lost his life in the attempt, and many of his
companions were slain. He succeeded, however, in
making good his retreat on board the ships. Shortly
afterwards he landed on the eastern side of the Gulf
of Uraba, or, as it is now called, the Gulf of Darien,
and built a fortress called San Sebastian.
About this time, also, another Spaniard, of the
name of Nicuesa, formed a settlement on the Isthmus
of Darien, and built a fortress there, which he called
Nombre de Dios, not very distant from the harbour
of Portobello.
There was, besides, another expedition, commanded
by Enciso, which set sail in search of Ojeda and his
new colony of San Sebastian. Among the ship's
company was a man, by name Vasco Nunez de Bal-
boa, who, although of a rich family, had, by his bad
habits, not only become very poor, but was also much
in debt. He was in perpetual alarm lest he should
be seized for the debts he owed, and be thrown into
prison. To avoid this, he contrived to get on board
Enciso's ship, concealed in a cask, which was sup-
posed to contain provisions. When the ship was far
from San Domingo, Balboa came out from his hiding
place; and although Enciso at first was angry at the
way he had escaped from the punishment which his
bad conduct had deserved, yet he knew so well the
services that Balboa would be able to perform, that
he pardoned him.
By this time the settlement at San Sebastian had
been broken up, the Spaniards having suffered much
from the repeated attacks of the natives, who would
no longer submit to their unjust treatment. Soon
after Enciso reached Carthagena, he was joined by
Pizarro, with the wretched remains of the colony at
San Sebastian. Enciso, however, in spite of what he
heard, and what he saw, determined to continue his
voyage to that settlement. Upon his arrival there
he found that Pizzaro's account was but too true:
for where San Sebastian had stood, nothing was to be
seen but a heap of ruins. At this place misfortune
followed misfortune ; first he suffered shipwreck, and
then he was attacked by the natives. In despair at
these repeated disasters, Enciso was quite at a loss
what to do, or where to go ; when Balboa, the run-
away Balboa, came to his support, and advised him

92
TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.
rawa, ka he noa iho ona whakaaro, ka mea, me pe-
whea ra he tikanga mona. I konei ka whakahau a
Parapoa, te tangata oma nei, ki a ia kia rere tonu
ratou i te akau i runga i te kaipuke paku a Piharo.
I ki a Parapoa kotahi tona taenga mai ki taua
kokoru i mua ai, a e mahara tonu ana ia ki tetahi
kainga Iniana i kitea e ratou ko ona hoa i te taha o
tetahi awa i te taha hauauru o taua kokoru, te ingoa
Iniana o taua kainga ko Teeriana.
Hari ana a Enehaiho ki te korero a Parapoa;
katahi ia ka mea kia rere ki taua kainga tango ai hei
kainga mo ratou, ka pana ai te iwi Iniana nona taua
kainga . Na, i oti ano i a ia taua whakaaro he rawa,
kohuru rawa. Ka tae ia ki taua kainga, ka whaka-
ekea ona tangata ki uta, ka whawhai tonu atu ki te
iwi i roto i te pa, kaore hoki i pa atu ki a ratou ki te
korero i te tuatahi; ka horo te pa, ko etahi o nga
tangata i patua e ia, ko etahi i arumia atu, a murua
ana to ratou pa me o ratou taonga katoa. Katahi
ka waiho e ia taua pa hei pa tuturu mo ratou ko ona
hoa, karangatia ana te ingoa ko Hanata Maria tera
Teeriana. I awhinatia ia e Parapoa ki runga ki taua
mahi he, mahi nanakia rawa.
Kihai i roa e noho ana nga Paniara ki reira ka
kino ratou ki to ratou rangatira, ki a Enehaiho, kihai
hoki i pai ana mahi ki a ratou; na taringa hoi ana
ratou ki ana tono, riria ana, whakahokia ana i runga
kaipuke ki Pema. No tona haerenga ka tu ko
Parapoa hei rangatira mo ratou. No tona tunga hei
Kawana ko ia tetahi o nga tangata tokoiti rawa o
nga Paniara i ahua aroha ki nga Iniana, i whakapono
ai hoki ratou, aua Iniana.
I tetahi o ana haerenga ki uta ki te kimi koura ka
rongo tuatahitia ia ki tetahi moana ki te taha hauauru
o te whenua, ara he moana kaore ano i rangona e nga
Pakeha. Ara, e pauna koura ana, mea puehu nei,
hei tuwhatuwha mana ki ona tangata, he mea homai
taua koura ki a ia na tetahi rangatira Iniana; katahi
ka ririri ratou nga Paniara ki ta ratou koura, he mea
kei nui ki tetahi, iti ki tetahi. I reira ano e mata-
kitaki ana tetahi o nga tama a taua rangatira Iniana
nana nei i homai taua koura, a ka whakarihariha ia
ki te ngakau apo noa a nga Paniara, katahi ka pakia
e ia te weeti ki tona ringa, na rerere ana taua hanga
kanapa nei, a te koura, ki te whenua takoto ai; oho
ana te mauri o nga Paniara, titiro kau ana, whai tonu
atu te kupu a te Iniana ra, " E! He aha ta koutou
e riri kau nei mo tenei mea noa ? Me he mea e tino
ngakau nui ana koutou ki taua hanga, me he mea ko te
take tena i mahue ai i a koutou o koutou kainga, i
haere mai ai koutou ki te muru i nga whenua me nga
whare a te tangata ke, na tenei kei au e mohio ana ki
tetahi whenua e kite nui ai koutou i te koura." Katahi
ka tuhi tona ringa ki te taha tonga, ka mea, " Kei tua
o nga maunga teitei ra tetahi moana nui e takoto
ana; he moana ia e haerea tonutia ana e te tangata,
ko o ratou waka he wahi iti ka rite ki o koutou
kaipuke te nui. Ko nga awaawa katoa e heke ana i
te taha ki te tonga o aua maunga he koura katoa, ko
nga mea katoa (ara, nga ipu, nga aha) a nga iwi o
reira he mea hanga katoa ki te koura."
Heoi, ka miharo rawa a Parapoa ki te korero a
taua Iniana taitamariki ra; ka takare tonu ia ki te
ui ki te ara e taea ai taua moana me taua whenua
koura. Ka korero taua Iniana ki a ia i nga mate
kei te huanui, ara i te nui o nga iwi nanakia, kai
tangata, e noho ana i runga i nga maunga. Otira
kua puta tenei te hiahia o Parapoa, e kore ano hoki
e mutu i ena rongo mate me nga uauatanga o te ara.
Kua hiahia rawa hoki ia kia whiwhi koura ia; tetahi,
kua nui tona hiahia kia riro mana rawa ano taua
moana me taua whenua taonga nui e kite, ara kia oti
ano i a ia taua mahi nui, mahi ahua rite ki te mahi a
Koromopahi te nui, hei whakamarie i te ngakau o te
Kingi o Peina, kia murua e ia tona tangohanga, to
Parapoa ra, i te rangatiratanga o Enehaiho i panaia
to continue his course along the coast in Pizzaro's
little vessel.
Balboa stated that he had once before been on an
expedition in this same gulf, and on the western side
he well remembered an Indian village, on the bank
of a river, called by the natives Darien.
Enciso, pleased with Balboa's advice, resolved to
take possession of this village, and to drive out of it
all the Indians. This scandalous resolution he put
in practice. Arrived at the river, he landed his men,
and, without giving the unfortunate people of the
village any notice, he attacked them, killed several,
drove the rest out, and robbed them of all their
possessions. He then made the village the chief
place of his new government, and called it Santa
Maria del Darien. Balboa assisted in this work of
cruelty and injustice.
The Spaniards had not been long here when they
became tired of Enciso, for las conduct was not
pleasing to them, and they refused to obey him, and
sent him off in a ship to Spain. Upon his departure,
Balboa took the command. And when he became
Governor, he was one of the very few Spaniards in
authority who treated the unhappy Indians with
kindness, and whom they were inclined to trust.
In one of his expeditions into the interior parts of
the Isthmus, in search of gold, he first heard of a sea
to the west, as yet unknown to Europeans. He had
received a large quantity of gold from an Indian
cacique or chief, and was weighing it into shares for
the purpose of dividing it among his men, when a
quarrel arose as to the exactness of the weight. One
of the sons of the Indian cacique was present, and
he felt so disgusted at the sordid behaviour of the
Spaniards, that he struck the scales with his fist, and
scattered the glittering gold about the place ; and
before the Spaniards could recover from their aston-
ishment at this sudden act, he said to them, " Why
should you quarrel for such a trifle ? If you really
esteem gold to be so precious as to abandon your
homes and come and seize the lands and dwellings of
others for the sake it, I can tell you of a land where
you may find it in plenty. Beyond those lofty
mountains," he continued, pointing to the south,
" lies a mighty sea, which people sail upon, in vessels
almost as large as yours. All the streams that flow
down the southern side of those mountains abound
in gold, and all the utensils that the people have are
made of gold."
Balboa was struck by this account of the young
Indian, and eagerly inquired the best way of pene-
trating to this sea, and to this land of gold. The
young Indian warned him of the dangers he would
meet with from the fierce race of Indians scattered
about the mountains, who were cannibals. But the
curiosity of Balboa once roused, was not to be quelled
by accounts of difficulties and of dangers. He was,
besides, desirous of getting possession of the gold,
and of obtaining, by a discovery almost equal to that
of Columbus, the pardon of the King of Spain for
taking from Enciso the command of the settlement.
He resolved, therefore, to penetrate to this sea, and
immediately began the necessary preparations for
the journey. It was in the year 1511 that he received

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.
93
ra e ratou. No konei ka mea tonu ia kia taea e ia
taua moana, a taka tonu iho ki te haere. Ko te 1511
te tau i rongo ai ia ki taua moana, a hohoro tonu ia
te tuku karere ki te motu o Hana Tomingo, he tono
ki te Kawana o taua moutere kia tukua mai he
tangata hei hoa awhina mona, kia ata tutuki ai
tona whakaaro haere—he teina no Koromopahi taua
Kawana.
Ki hai i whakarangona te tono a Parapoa e taua
Kawana. I tuhituhi ia kia 1,000 hoia e tukua mai,
me a ratou rakau patu ano, hei hoa awhina mona ki
runga ki tona mahi whakamomori. Te kupu i wha-
kahokia mai, mea ana, tera pea e whakakorea tona
rangatiratanga i Teeriana, ka whiua hoki ia mo tana
urunga ki te pana i a Enehaiho.
Ka rongo ia ki tenei katahi ka mea kia kati ia te
takaroa, engari kia hohoro tonu tana haere ki tua o
nga maunga. Tana i whakaaro ai kia 1,000 he
tangata mana ka tika ai tana haere; ko tenei, hui
katoa ona tangata ka 190 tonu. Engari he toa
anake, he maia anake; e piri katoa ana hoki ratou ki
a ia. A ratou rakau patu, he maripi, he kopere, he
puapua, he pu ano. I mauria hoki e ia etahi kuri
whai tangata, he tu kuri ano, he hongi haere tana
mahi ki te tangata—e kore e ora te tangata i aua
kuri. Koia ano tena, he nui rawa te kino o te mahi
a nga Paniara ki te iwi Iniana; ako rawa ai i etahi
kuri nunui, nanakia rawa, ki te whai i nga tangata o
taua iwi ki roto ki o ratou wahi hunanga aruaru atu
ai, ngau atu ai (ano he poaka.) Hei aha mana, ma
te Paniara, te whakaheke toto me te mamae o te
tangata, i tona puku ki te koura me te hiriwa kia
ngata, e maharatia ana hoki ko te whenua tena e
nui atu ana aua taonga i to etahi wahi katoa atu o
te ao.
I haere ano hoki i a Parapoa etahi o nga Iniana o
Teeriana hei hoa haere mo ratou ko ona tangata.
Na te ahua pai o ana tikanga ki a ratou i rata mai ai
aua Iniana ki a ia ; ko te pai o to ratou haere i roto
i tona ope he mohio no ratou ki te koraha ka haere
nei ia, he mohio hoki ki nga ritenga o nga iwi
mohoao.
(Tera atu te roanga.)
HE WHARANGI TUWHERA.
Ko nga Pakeha matau ki te Reo Maori e tuhi mai ana ki
tenei nupepa me tuhi mai a ratou reta ki nga reo e rua—te reo
Maori me te reo Pakeha ano.
[Ko tenei reta he mea tuhi ki te reo Pakeha ki te
reo Maori na Waata Wiremu Hipango, he tamariki
no te kura ki Parikino, Whanganui.]
Ki a te Etita o te Waka Maori.
Kura Maori, Parikino, March 31st, 1876.
E HOA,—E tika ana te kupu a to tatou hoa a C. W.
Harawira, he Maori, i tuhi nei i roto i tera panui; e ki
ana ia kua takoto nei te moana nui i waenganui
o te Pakeha me te Maori. E tika ana ; otira
me whakamatau e tatou ki te kau i tenei moana
nui. Te mea tika e oti ai, ma nga tamariki o nga
kura Maori e ako kia mohio ai ratou ki te reo Pakeha.
Ki te matau ratou ki te korero pukapuka, ka mohio
ratou ki nga mea katoa, engari kaore ratou kia mohio
noa i naianei. E whiwhi ai ki tenei matauranga me
haere tonu ki te kura i nga ra katoa, me whakarongo
tonu hoki ki nga ki a to tatou kai-whakaako. Ki te
penei tatou, ko te whakahau tonu to tatou kai-wha-
kaako i runga i ta ratou mahi ; ma tenei mohiotanga
e ako ki te korero, ki te mahi tahi me te Pakeha, ki
te whakamaori ki te Pakeha i ana korero.
Naku, na to hoa pono,
WAATA WIREMU
this account, and he lost no time in sending to
Hispaniola to request that the governor of that island,
who was the brother of Columbus, would send him
sufficient help to put his design into execution.
Balboa's application was not attended with the
success which he expected. He had written to re-
quest that a company of 1,000 soldiers, with proper
arms, should be sent to assist him in his perilous
adventure. But instead of receiving these, the only
news that reached him by the return of one of his
messengers was, that he would most probably have
the command of Darien taken from him, and be
punished for assisting to disposses Enciso.
This news made him determine no longer to delay
his departure for the discovery of the sea beyond the
mountains. Instead of the 1,000 men that he had
thought necessary for the expedition, he found he
could only muster 190. But then, these 190 men
were hardy and resolute, and much attached to him.
He armed them with swords and targets, cross-bows,
and arquebusses. He also took with him a number
of blood-hounds. With so much cruelty had the
Spaniards behaved towards the unhappy Indians, that
even fierce dogs had been trained to hunt them out
of their hiding-places, and to assist in destroying
them. All this bloodshed and all this misery could
the Spaniards cause for the sake of obtaining the gold
and silver which were supposed to abound more in
that part of the world than in any other.
Besides this little band, Balboa took with him a
few of the Indians of Darien, whom he had won by
kindness, and whose services would be of much use
to him, from their knowledge of the wildernesses he
was about to enter, and also from their knowledge
of the habits of savage life.
(To be continued.)
OPEN COLUMN.
European correspondents who have a knowledge of Maori
are requested to be good enough to forward their communi-
cations in both languages.
[The following letter was written in English and
Maori by Walter William Hipango, one of the
Parikino school boys, Whanganui.]
To the Editor of the Waka Maori.
Native School, Parikino, March, 31st 1876.
SIR,—C. W. Hadfield writes a letter in the last
issue ; and it is true what our friend says, that a wide
ocean is between the Pakehas and Maoris, and it is
true also for us to try to swim over this sea. This
can only be done by all the children of the Native
schools trying to learn the English language, for, if
they could read books, they could learn about a great
many things which they do not know now. This
knowledge can only be obtained by attending school
every day and paying attention to what the teacher
tells us. If we do this it will encourage our teachers
in their work, and make us able to talk and do busi-
ness with the Pakehas without the help of interpre-
ters.
I am, Sir,
Tour's truly,
WALTER WILLIAM HIPANGO.

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.
Ki a te Kai Tuhi o te Waka Maori.
Awanui, Waiapu, Maehe 3rd, 1876.
E HOA,—Tena koe. Oho ana te mauri i te oroko-
putanga mai o nga rongo mate o Henare te Kiki.
He tangata tenei, a Henare te Kiki, a kake ana ana
mahi ahuareka me te nui o tona matauranga i roto i
nga tu taitamariki o Ngatiporou nei; a kihai rapea i
taea e tona matauranga te karo i te patu kino rawa
a te waipiro, a riro pu ia i taua tupuawhiro nei te
kawe ki te tahora o te mate. I haere mai tenei ta-
ngata i te takiwa o Pukemaire, e ahu ana mai ki tenei
tarawahi o Waiapu, me te takawe hinaki tuna nei; e
ahu rawa ana te raranga o tana haere ki te takiwa ki
te tonga, kei reira hoki te roto hei tukunga mo taua
tu kupenga. Kei te taenga Id tetahi kainga i te
tahataharoa, ka tahuri ki te kai waipiro. He kai
hoki nana taua kai, he rongoa mo te mate kume nei;
otira i runga i te kahanga o te waipiro, ara te ngoto-
nga ki te ngakau, katahi te waipiro ka hanga i te
whakaaro a tahuri ana ki te patu i tenei tangata, ka
kawea e te waipiro, tau rawa ki waenganui o te puku
o Waiapu, ka tukua kia haere, ko te matenga i mate
ai. Tu kau ana te hoiho i te wahi i riro ai; i te ata
ka kitea ko te hoiho anake e tu ana i roto i te wai.
He hoiho tino mohio rawa tenei; i mahara pea ia kei
te moe tona rangatira, i tu tonu ai i roto i te wai.
Na, e aku hoa Maori o te motu nei, me ata titiro
tatou ki nga painga e puta mai ana i te Waipiro—
koia, ko te puremu, he tahae, he kohuru, he patu i
tou tinana ake ano. Na, e te hunga e kai nui ana i
te waipiro, whakarerea atu te kai i taua kai, kei
tahuri mai te mate ka kata ki a koutou! E ki aua te
kupu o te Karaipiture; " Kaua hoki e haurangi i te
waina, he toreretanga hoki tena ki te he ; engari kia
ki koutou i te Wairua " ; ko Horomona hoki e mea
ana ;—" Ko wai e aue ? Ko wai e tangi ? Ko wai e
totohe ? Ko wai e ngangautia ? Ko wai e maru, he
mea take-kore ? Ko wai e whero tonu ona kanohi ?
Te hunga ra e noho roa ana ki te waina, te hunga e
haere ana ki te rapu i te waina whakaranu."
to hoa,
TE HATA POKIHA.
HE KORERO WHAKATAKI TIKANGA. NA
TE IWI KAAWHA.
Ko tenei korero kei raro nei a te iwi Kaawha mo te
putake o te tangata, me nga kuri katoa, me te tika-
nga i kai ai te tangata i te kai, me te tikanga i whanau
ai i mate ai hoki te tangata, he mea tango mai ia
na matou i roto i tetahi pukapuka i mahia e
Rawiri Reheri kua mate i mua tata ake nei,
te ingoa o taua pukapuka i huaina, " He noho-
anga i roto i nga Huru me nga Amatonga." (Ko
aua iwi nei, ko nga Kaawha, me nga Huru, me nga
Amatonga, he iwi mangumangu kei uta o Awherika e
noho ana.):—
Tera tetahi atua i te tuatahi rawa ko Umuwera-
nguaki tona ingoa. Te tikanga o taua ingoa, ina wha-
kamaoritia, ko " te mea i puta tuatahitia mai." E kiia
ana i puta mai ia i roto i te Uranga, te whakamaori-
tanga o tena kupu he "kakaho ;" otira ko tona tino
tikanga he " putaketanga," te wahi ranei i putake
mai ai nga mea katoa. Na, kua puta mai taua Umu-
weranguaki nei, katahi ka whakaputaia mai e ia te
tangata, nga tane nga wahine, me nga kuri katoa hoki,
me te kaanga kai nei, me nga hua katoa o te whenua
—-kaore i whakaaturia mai me he mea nana ake ano i
hanga ranei aua mea katoa, heoi ano te kupu, nana i
whakaputa mai. E kiia ana i te tuatahi i noho noa
iho nga mangumangu i te whenua, kaore e kai ana,
kaore e inu wai ana, kaore e whakawhanau ana, kaore
hoki e mate ana. Ko te kaanga, ko te paukena he
mea tupu noa atu, kaore e ngakia ana kaore e mahia
ana e te tangata. E kite kau ana nga tangata i aua mea
To the Editor of the Waka, Maori.
Awanui, Waiapu, March 3rd, 1876.
FRIEND,—Greeting. We were not a little startled
when we first heard the news of the death of Henare
te Kiki. He was one of the most diverting, witty,
and intelligent of the young men of Ngatiporou ; but
his witticisms and intelligence did not enable him to
guard himself against the fatal assaults of drink, so
that at length he was carried off by that rapacious ogre
into the dreary wilderness of death. He came from
the vicinity of Pukemaire, carrying some eel-pots with
him; he intended to cross to this side of Waiapu
(river), and proceed south where there is a lake suit-
able for using that kind of net. Arriving at a settle-
ment on the beach, he commenced drinking. He was
a great drinker: he took spirits as a medicine for an
asthmatic affection; but the spirits, turning upon him,
attacked him, and, casting him into the midst of the
Waiapu, let him be carried away (by the current),
and thus he lost his life. The horse remained stand-
ing on the spot where his master was carried off, and
in the morning it was found standing alone in the
water. That was an intelligent horse; probably it
thought its master was sleeping, and therefore it
waited for him standing in the water.
Now, my Maori friends of this island generally, let
us look at the blessings which spring from drink,—
they are adultery, thieving, murder, and self-destruc-
tion. O, ye great drinkers ! abandon the practice at
once, lest death turn upon you and laugh! The
Scriptures say:—" Be not drunk with wine, wherein
is excess ; but be filled with the Spirit "; and Solo-
man says :—" Who hath woe ? who hath sorrow ?
who hath contentions ? who hath babbling? who hath
wounds without cause ? who hath redness of eyes ?
—They that tarry long at the wine; they that go to
seek mixed wine."
From your Friend,
TE HATA POKIHA.
KAFFIR COSMOGONY.
THE following Kaffir tradition as to the origin of
men and animals, and the habit of eating, and how
people came to be born and to die, is from a book
entitled, "Among the Zulus and Amatongas,'" by
the late David Leslie. (The Kaffirs, Zulus, and
Amatongas, are tribes of black men inhabiting the
interior of Africa) :—
It appears that first of all there was one Um-
vel'nquauki, which, being interpreted, means " the one
who first made his appearance." It is said that he
came out of the Uhlanga, which is literally ''reed;"
but it is understood as a custom, or the origin, time
of origin, or place of origin of all things. This
Umvel'nganki, after coming on the scene himself,
brought out—whether he made them or not is not
stated—men, women, animals, corn, and all the fruits
of the earth. At first, and for a time, it is related
that black humanity lived without eating or drinking,
without multiplying or dying. Corn and pumpkins
grew and reproduced their crops, without tending by
man. The people saw them growing in large gardens,
but did not. know that they were eatable. Feeling
no hunger they never attempted to use them as food.
Cattle, sheep, and goats roamed wild, with all other
beasts of the field; no man tended, no mau paid any

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.
95
e tupu ana i etahi maara nunui, engari kaore i mohi-
otia he kai ia.    Kihai ratou i mohio ki te hemokai, no
reira hoki i kore ai ratou e whakamatau ki te kai i aua
mea.    Ko te kau, ko te hipi, ko te nanenane, i haere
noa atu i roto i era atu kuri o te koraha, kaore hoki i
tiakina e te tangata, kaore i whakaaroa e te tangata.
Noho hari noa iho ana te tangata, kaore he hiahia i
roto i tona ngakau ki tetahi mea, kaore rawa hoki e
mate ana.    Ko tenei ahua pai o te tangata i mau roa
noa atu ano, engari kaore i whakaaturia mai te roa o
te wa e pera ana.    He haringa tonu tana mahi, he
ngahau tonu, kaore he wehi kaore he aha.     Nawai i
pena te ahua a, ka oho te katoa i te putanga mai o
tetahi tamaiti, tamaiti whanau hou nei.   He hanga
tauhou rawa tena ki a ratou ; aue ra, he aha ra ia ?
I te takotoranga o te whaea o taua tamaiti i roto i
tona whare, i a ia e mate ana e whakawhanau ana, ka
rongo ia ki te mamae i roto i tona poho, he mea hou
ia ki a ia te ahua, ara me te mea e ngau ake ana i roto
i te riu o tona uma—kaore, he hemokai ia taua mea.
Ka pohehe noa iho nga whakaaro o nga hoa, me pehea
ra he tikanga, me pehea ra ?    Katahi ka ki tetahi
wahine, "Ka whangaitia e au ki tetahi wahi o te hanga
e tupu mai i waho ra," ara ko te kaanga me nga pau-
kena.    I meatia e ia tenei hei whakamate i taua
wahine mo tenei hanga hou, ara te whanautanga o te
tamaiti ra—mahara noa e mate taua wahine ina wha-
ngaitia ki aua kai.    Katahi ka whangaitia, a kihai i
mate taua wahine, engari katahi ka ora ake, katahi
hoki ka momona; katahi ka mohio nga tangata he
mea pai te kai, a mohio tonu iho ratou ki te kai. Muri
iho ka mohio ratou ki te kiko kau, he mea kite na
ratou, he mea patu marire ano ranei, kaore au e ata
mohio ana ki tena.    Na, ka mohio ratou he mea pai
ano tena hei kai, katahi ka tahuri ratou ki te whaka-
rarata mai i nga kuri o te koraha kia rata mai ki o
ratou kainga haere ai.   Otira kihai i taea e ratou nga
okiha mohoao me era atu kuri maka, a mohoao tonu
atu era ki te koraha haere ai.    Ko nga kau me nga
hipi me nga nanenane anake i rata mai ki te whiu a
te tangata.
E mohio ana ano au ki te ahua pohehe o te korero
i runga ake nei, ara te korero i kiia nei i te tuatahi
kaore rawa he mate o te tangata, he ora tonu, muri
iho ka kiia i whangaitia te wahine ra ki te kaanga ki
te paukena kia mate ia. Otira he korero tonu taku i
taku i rongo ai.
Heoi, no te mutunga o te mahi a te Umuweranguaki
ka kite ia e pai ana.    Katahi ka tukua mai e ia nga
kupu e rua ; ko tetahi i tukua mai ki te Eneturo mana
e kawe mai, ara he tuatara te Eneturo, he mea puru
me te puru hate nei te ahua, he mea whero etahi; ko
tetahi o nga kupu i tukua mai ki te Unuwapo mana e
kawe mai, he tuatara ano te Unuwapo, engari he tu
ke tona ahua. I tukua mai i tenei te kupu tuatahi, he
ki mai e kore e mate nga tangata, ka ora tonu, ake
ake; ki ta etahi tangata e korero ana, tenei ke te ti-
kanga o taua kupu, ara " ka mate ano nga tangata,
engari ka ara ake ano i te mate."  Muri iho ka tukua
mai tetahi kupu i te Eneturo, he ki mai " ka mate
katoa ano nga tangata, e kore rawa hoki e ara ake."
Katahi ka haere mai te Unuwapo, ka whakaware i te
huanui ki te kai haere i te hua rakau, katahi ia ka
mahue ki muri e te Eneturo, ka maro tonu te haere
a te Eneturo, tae tonu mai korero tonu i te kupu i
tukua mai ki a ia.    Tae rawa mai te Unuwapo i muri
nei kihai i whakarangona ana korero e nga tangata,
ki atu ana kua whakaae ratou ki te kupu i kawea mai
e te Eneturo, he kore hoki kaore ratou i mohio ki te
mamae o te mate.    Koia tenei na te porori o te haere
o tetahi o nga tuatara, na te tere o tetahi, i tau mai
ai te mate ki te tangata katoa atu.    E ahua rite ana
tenei korero o aua iwi, tetahi wahi,ki te korero i roto
i te Paipera mo te Hanganga me te Hinganga o te
Tangata.
heed to them.    People lived happily, without wants,
and never died.    This innocent and unsophisticated
state of affairs went on for a long time, but how long
is not stated.    All were happy and without fear of
anything.    At last, however, to the great consterna-
tion and dismay of every one, there appeared upon
the scene a little baby !    This was something out of
their experience.    While ill in her house, the mother
of the child complained of a curious feeling, a gnaw-
ing pain in her stomach which  she had not felt
before. Those around knew not what to do, but at last
another woman said, " I will give her some of that
stuff growing out there," meaning corn and pump-
kins.    This she did with the idea that she would kill
her, because of this strange thing that had happened.
She did give her food, and, after a while, the sick
woman, instead of dying, began to grow well, and
even fat; then the people first learned that food was
good, and they ate of it.    After a while they found,
or killed (I am not sure which) some beef.   This
they also found was good to eat, and so they set to
work to try and bring the beasts of the field into
subjection at their kraals.   The buffaloes and all wild
animals, however,  were  too many for them, and
remain in the bush to this day.    Cattle, sheep, and
goats alone allowed themselves to be driven and
herded.
I am aware that what I have written is rather con-
fused, as far as regards my first having said that the
people never die, and then that the woman gave the
other food with the idea that she would kill her.
But I must tell the story as it was told to me.
When Umvel'nqanki had finished his work, and
saw that it was good, he sent two messages : one by
the " Entulo" or little stone-lizard often seen—some
blue and some flame-colored; and one by the
" Unwabo," or chameleon. The first message was by
the latter, and its purport was that the people should
not die but live for ever, or, as some say, that " they
should die, but rise again !" The " Entulo " he sent
afterwards to tell them that " they should die and
never rise again!" The chameleon started, but
loitered by the way, eating a little purple berry
(ubkwebesane) and the " Entulo," who came on be-
hind, passed him and delivered his message. When
the chameleon came with his, the people, not knowing
how sore death was, refused to listen to him, saying
they had accepted the word brought by the "Entulo"
And it so happened, through the slowness of the
chameleon, and the alacrity of the lizard, that death
came to all men ! There is a great deal in this Zulu
tradition that is like, and yet unlike, our Bible
history of the Creation and the Fall of Man.

96
TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.
HE WAIATA TANGI MO MERE AWHENGA-TE-
RANGI TUREI TANGAROAPEAU.
(Na tona hoa.)
Toku nei hoa moe ko Hine te Turupa e ;
Whakaoho rawa koe e hika i toku nei moe,
Kia whiti rere au ko te toru karaka e ;
Ko Hine, ko ngehe e, ko noa mai ra
E piukara mat ra kai roto o Taurapa e,
E pipi ta ana, e tako ana mai;
He tohu no te ata ka rere mai te ra e,
Ka pa mai te reo he whakaoho i ahau
Kia tohu ake au me ko ngoingoi rawa e—
Titiro kau au hore rawa i kitea i.
E Mere i runga ra whakarongo iho ra e,
Te umere ka tangi na o potiki;
E tu ana ia i te tohu o te porutu e,
Ko Hinei-taipara e kata noa mai ra
Mo nga wahine tau kakari ki te porutu e
Hai whakahauora noa i au ki te whare i.
Me huri iho au e,
Kei puta atu au ka titiro ki waho ra
Ki to ahi ka mai kai Waikoriri ra e ;
Tarere o turupa hai ngau rawa i ahau
Koi whakamau au te puhi o Reikura e ;
Te Wara i karia te rua o te roha,
Pukohu tairi ki roto Waiaka e,
Ma roto mai Mere hai ngau rawa i ahau i.
Te ua o te rangi whakahekeheke ai e,
Kai kinikini rawa koe hika i tihau.
I takoto ai au i te whare kowhiwhi e,
Nga whakaruru-hau o Hinei te Turupa;
Ka riro koe Mere ka wehi i au e,
Ka takoto ki te rua ki te whare i moe ai i.
Ko wai o te mate i kainga e au e
I nui mai ai ra o hara ki ahau ?
He tau au e mate he ra e pouri e;
Putuputu tonu mai te mamae ki ahau,
Taku pare ko Turupa kua wehi i ahau e,
Ko to hoa i te whare kua ngaro i ahau i.
I whatua tuatahitia te kahu huruhuru ki Ingarani
i te tau 13-11.
Hui katoa nga tangata o nga koroni o Aatareeria
(ara o tenei moana katoa) ka rua miriona, e rua rau
e toru te kau ma toru mano, kotahi rau.
E mahia nuitia ana te hapi i Tahimeenia ; ara i
roto i nga takiwa o Niu Nawhaka, o Hopataone, kua
2,500 rawa nga tangata e mahi ana ki te whawhaki i
nga puawai, he wahine he tamariki te nuinga. E
utua aua aua kai mahi e nga tangata i nga maara ki
te wha herengi, haere ki te rima herengi, ki te
tangata i roto i te rangi kotahi, ia tangata ia tangata.
Te nai o nga hipi kei Niu Hauta Weera, hui katoa,
ka rua te kau ma rua miriona, e waru rau e whitu te
kau ma rua mano, e waru rau e waru te kau ma rua;
nga hipi kei Niu Tirani, hui katoa, ka kotahi te kau
ma tahi miriona, e ono rau e whitu te kau ma wha
mano, e waru rau e ono te kau ma toru; nga hipi
kei Wikitoria, hui katoa, ka kotahi ano te kau ma
tahi miriona, e rua rau e rua te kau ma tahi mano,
e toru te kau ma ono.
Ko Paora Kingi, he rangatira no te Urewera, he
Ateha, i mate i te Wenerei, te 15 o Maehe, i te Poro-
poro, he kainga e tata ana ki Whakatane. He
tangata ngawari ia he tangata pai, he tangata whai
whenua nui hoki. Kua roa ia e mate ana, engari i
te mutunga i mate tuku whakarere tonu ia—he kohi
tona mate. E noho ana i waho o te whare e korero-
rero ana ratou ko ona hoa, katahi ka wharara atu ia
ki te tara o te whare whakawhirinaki ai tona upoko
me te mea e moe ana, titiro rawa atu kua mate.—
Pei o Pureniti Taima.
HE TANGI.
(Na Taurau Kukupa mo ana tamariki.)
Kaore hoki e tooku raru,
Huri totoa i a hau
Te whakananawe kia tau iho ;
Ko wai au i tohu ai, he toro taua na Heketoro ;
Ako rawa ake ki te turehu,
Te kite au i a Kikokiko,
I te rongo ka haere ki tawhiti,
I te uri o Rangi e rangona nei ki a Tumu,
Waerea taku rangi ki te kongutu kai wharawhara.
No mua te kore i tukua matua;
Homai ano nae mahara iho,
Kei pikipiki maunga nunui,
Kei whiroa hau e te ia
O te Wairoa tuku atu ai.
HE  TANGI.
(Na Hare Parata mo te matenga o tona hoa wahine, o Arihia, i mate i te
27 o Hanuere, 1876.)
Kaore te aroha e huri nei ki te whare, i—
Kei whea te tau i aro piri ra ia
O nga rangi ra o te tuatahitanga;
Ka hara mai tenei ka tauehe,
He hanga hua noa te roimata i aku kamo—
No te mea iara ka whamamao ;
Orahia te titiro a Kawaho ki Po Neke ra,
Hau rerenga hipi ki Waiwhetu, ka whakaokapua,
Te ripa tauarai ki Ohiti,
Ki te makau ra i moea iho ;
I awhi Reinga ana i raro ra,
Ka hewa au e Ari kei te ao, i.
Woollen cloth was first made in England in 1341.
The aggregate population of the Australasian
colonies is no less than two million two hundred and
thirty-three thousand one hundred, or nearly two
million and a quarter.
To show the extent to which hop-growing is carried
on in Tasmania in the New Norfolk and Hobart
Town Districts, there are some 2,500. persons, chiefly
women and children, employed picking. All these
earn from 4s. to 5s. per day at the prices paid by the
proprietors of the hop-grounds.
In sheep, New South Wales stands first with
twenty-two million eight hundred and seventy-two
thousand tight hundred and eighty-two ; New Zea-
land following with eleven million six hundred and
seventy-four thousand eight hundred and sixty-three,
•and Victoria close behind with eleven million two
hundred and twenty-one thousand and thirty-six.
One of the Urewera chiefs, Paora Kingi, a native
assessor, died last Wednesday (March 15) at the
Poroporo, a settlement close to Whakatane. He
was an amiable man, and a large landed proprietor.
He had long been waning, and his insidious disease,
consumption, cut him off quite unexpectedly at the
last. Sitting outside a whare he was engaged in
conversation, when he seemed to lay back his head
to rest on the Avail as if to sleep, but it soon appeared
that for • him earthly cares and vanities had ceased
to be of interest. He was dead.—Bay of Plenty
Times.
Printed under the authority of the New Zealand Government by GEORGE DIDSBURY, Government Printer, Wellington.