TE WAKA MAORI

O NIU TIRANI.

KO TE TIKA, KO TE PONO, KO TE AROHA."

VOL. 10.]

PO NEKE, TUREI, AKUHATA 11, 1874.

[No. 16.

HE KUPU WHAKAATU KI NGA HOA TUHI MAI.

He moni kua tae mai:— £ s. d.

1873.—Hoani Meihana o Manawatu ... ... 010 O

1874.—Hoani Meihana o Manawatu ... ... 010 O

„ Raniera Erihana, Otakou (No. 15) ... O 10 O
„ Tame Parata Haereroa o Waikouaiti,

Otakou (No. 16) ... ... ... O 10 O

„ Rewi Timaru o Katapere, Kaiapoi

Hawhe tau (No. 14) ... ... ... O 5 O

„ James E. Green, Esq., Okirau, Gisborne,

Poverty Bay (No. 15) ... ... 010 O

£2 15 0

Ko Te Kiwi, o Harataunga, Kennedy's Bay, e whakatika ana
ki nga whakaaro o Hutana Taru i tuhia e ia i roto i tona reta
(Waka, Hune 16), mo nga mate o te mahi kai waipiro, mo te
ahua hoki o etahi Ateha Maori.

Ko Raniera Erihana, o Otakou, e ki mai ana kua nui rawa te
huka i taua takiwa, e toru tino ra e tuku iho aua. I timata i
te 19 o Hurae tae noa ki te 21 e ua ana te huka. " I etahi wahi
e rima tae ki te ono inihi to matotoru o taua huka; i ngaro
katoa nga tarutaru o te whenua, ko nga kau, ko nga hoiho, ko
nga hipi, i haereere kau noa iho ki te kimi kai ma ratou. Me i
roa atu e tuku ana te huka, kua matemate. I uta, i te tu
whenua, i matotoru rawa te huka; i ma katoa te ahua o te
whenua."

E kore eoi tenei Waka te reta a Winikerei te Whetuiti, me
a etahi atu.

Kua tukuna katoatia, ma te meera, nga nupepa ma Manahi,
o te Kohekohe, Waikato. Otira, tenei ka tukuna ano ma tenei
meera nga mea i ngaro, ara, Nama 7, me te 9, me te 12.

Ko te reta a te Rangihuatau me etahi atu, o Whanganui, kua
tureiti te taenga mai ki a matou, i kore ai e puta i roto i tenei
Waka. Waiho marire.

Na te roa rawa o te reta a Meiha Ropata i mahue ai etahi
korero i hiahia ai matou kia taia atu. E pai ana, tera atu.

TE UTU MO TE WAKA.

Ko te utu mote Waka Maori i te tau ka te 10s., he mea utu
ki mua. Ka tukuna atu i te meera ki te tangata e hiahia ana
me ka tukua mai e ia aua moni ki te Kai Tuhi ki Po Neke nei.

HE TANGATA MATE.

Ko TANIKO TE PAHUPAHU, i Matangi, Taupo, i te 13 o Hune,
1874.

ANSWERS AND NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.

Subscriptions received:— £ s. d.
1873.—Hoani Meihana, of Manawatu ... ... 010 O

1374.—Hoani Meihana, of Manawatu ... ... 010 O

1874.—Raniera Erihana, of Otago (No. 15) ... O IO O
1874.—Tame Parata Haereroa, of Waikouaiti,...

Otago (No. 16) ... ... ... O IO O

1874—Rewi Timaru, of Southbridge, Canter

bury, half year (No. 14) ... ... 0 5 O

1874.—James E. Green, Esq., Okirau, Gisborne,

Poverty Bay (No. 15.) ... ... 010 O

£2 15 0

Te Kiwi, of Kennedy's Bay concurs in the sentiments of
Hutana Taru, as expressed in his letter (Waka, June 16th),
respecting the evil effects of drunkenness, and the conduct of
certain Native Assessors.

Raniera Erihana, of Otago, writes that there was a heavy
fall of snow in that district, which continued without inter-
mission for three days—from the 19th to the 21st of July.
" In some places the snow was from five to six inches thick ;

the vegetation was completely covered, and the cows, horses,
and sheep, wandered about looking for something to cat. If
the snow had continued much longer they must have died. In
the inland districts the snow was much deeper, and the whole
country presented a perfectly white appearance."

We have no space in this issue for the letters of Winikerei
te Whetuiti, and others.

All the papers were posted to Manahi, of Kohekohe, Wai-
kato. However, we send him by this mail the missing num-
bers, viz., Nos. 7, 9, and 12.

The letter from Rangihuatau and others, of Whanganui, was
received too late for insertion in this issue. Wait.

The great length of Major Ropata's letter has necessitated
our leaving several items of news to stand over which we had
intended to insert.

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.

 The Subscripiion to the Waka Maori is 10s., payable
in advance, per year. Persons desirous of becoming subscribers
can have the paper posted io their address by forwarding that
amount to the Editor in Wellington.

DEATH.

TANIKO TE PAHUPAHU, at Matangi, Taupo, on the 13th June,
1874.

194

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

Te Waka Maori.  

——————

PO NEKE, TUREI, AKUHATA 11, 1874.
TE PAREMETE.

WENEREI, HURAE 15, 1874.

I tonoa e TE KATENE, " Kia whakaturia tetahi Ko-
miti Whiriwhiri marire, kia te kau ma wha nga mema,
hei hunga whakaaroaro ki nga pukapuka inoi, nga
pukapuka whakaaturanga, nga pukapuka tauanga, me
era atu tu pukapuka katoa, e tau ana ki runga ki nga
tikanga o te iwi Maori, e mauria mai ana ki te aroaro o
te Runanga i tenei nohoanga o te Paremete, a i etahi
taima ma taua Komiti e whakaatu ki te Runanga i a
ratou i kite ai i mohio ai ki runga ki aua pukapuka:

a ma taua Komiti e tono noa atu ki te tangata hei
whaki korero ki a ratou, kia homai ranei nga puka-
puka hei titiro ma ratou; kia kaua hoki e tika kia iti
iho i te tokotoru taua Komiti me, ka mahi. Nga
tangata, ko te Tumuaki, ko te Makarini, ko Meiha
Atikihana, te Pani, te Karingitana, te Pokiha, Meiha
Tiakitana, W. Kere, te Wiremu, Wi Parata, Taka-
moana, te Wiremutana, Taiaroa, me Katene ano."

Ko te MEAWINI i whakaaro e kore e tika kia
tangohia i tenei motu anake ki raro nei nga mema
mo taua Komiti, engari me whakarite hoki etahi o
nga tangata, o te Waipounamu kia uru ki taua
Komiti, no te mea hoki tera pea etahi tikanga e pa
ana ki tera motu ki te tonga nei e tukua mai ki taua
Komiti.

Ko Ta J. C. WIRIHANA, i ki, kotahi te tikanga o
taua tono i he rawa, ara ko te ki kia kaua e tika kia
iti iho taua Komiti i te tokotoru me ka mahi ratou.
Kua tokowha nga mema o te iwi Maori kei taua
Komiti; na ki tana whakaaro kaore i tika te kupu
kia kaua e iti iho i te tokotoru.

Ko C. PAAKA i mea, ki tana whakaaro e kore e
tika kia whiriwhiria nga mema i te wahi kotahi o te
koroni mo enei tu tikanga, he tikanga hoki e pa ana
ki nga wahi katoa o te motu.

Mea ana a WI KATENE e kore rawa ia e whakahe
ki te tangata kia whakanuia mo te Komiti, ara kia
homai etahi o te Waipounamu. I mea hoki ia kia
whakaaetia e te Runanga kia whakarerea e ia tona
kupu tuatahi mo te tokotoru, engari me ki kia kaua
e iti iho te Komiti i te tokorima me ka mahi.

Heoi, whakaaetia ana tenei, me te tono Komiti
hoki.

TAITEI, HURAE 16.

I ui te HIHANA ki te Kawanatanga i tenei rangi,
mehemea kua tae mai ki a ratou etahi pukapuka
whakaatu a nga Kai-whakawa o te Kooti Whenua
Maori mo nga tikanga, me te whakahaeretanga hoki,
o " Te Ture Whenua Maori, 1873 ;" a, ki te mea kua
tae mai ano, mehemea ka whakatakotoria ranei e
ratou ki runga ki te-tepa o te whare ?

Te kupu whakahoki a te POKERA, kua nui nga
korero me nga whakaaturanga a nga Kai-whakawa
o te Kooti ki runga ki taua Ture kua tae mai, otira
kaore ratou e mea ana kia whakatakotoria ki te tepa
aua kupu. Engari e hanga Pire ana ratou mo taua
Tur e i runga i te ar a o aua whakaaturanga, a mea
ake tukua ai ki te Runanga.

WENEREI, HURAE 22.

Ka tonoa e TAIAROA, " Mehemea kua tae mai
he pukapuka whakaaturanga a Arikihanara Make
mo te tikanga o te wehewehenga o nga wahi rahui
Maori i te taha tonga o te Waipounamu, etahi
whenua ranei i tuwhaia houtia i taua takiwa, me
whakatakoto ki te tepa aua pukapuka."

I ki ia kua nui t.e pouri o nga Maori ki te wehe-
wehenga whenua a Te Make i te Waipounamu. Ko

Te Waka Maori.  

——————

WELLINGTON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 11, 1874.

THE PARLIAMENT.

WEDNESDAY, 15TH JULY, 1874.
Mr. KATENE moved, " That a Select Committee, to
consist of fourteen members, be appointed to con-
sider all petitions, reports, returns, and other docu-
ments, relating to affairs specially affecting the Native
race, that may be brought before the House this
session, and from time to time to report thereon to
the House ; with power to call for persons and papers;

three to be a quorum. The Committee to consist of
Mr. Speaker, Mr. McLean, Major Atkinson, Mr.
Bunny, Mr. Carrington, Mr. Fox, Major Jackson,
Mr. W. Kelly, Mr. Williams, Mr. Parata, Mr. Taka-
moana, Mr. Williamson, Mr. Taiaroa, and the Mover."

Mr. MERVYN thought it was undesirable that the
Committee should consist almost exclusively of North
Island members, and that it would be advisable to
place upon the Committee some members represent-
ing Southern constituencies, as there were some
questions in which the South was interested which
might be relegated to this Committee.

Sir J. 0. WILSON, C.B., said there was a feature in
the motion which was highly objectionable—the pro-
posal that three should constitute a quorum. There
were four members of the Maori race on the Com-
mittee, and it seemed to him improper that three
should be a quorum.

Mr. C. PARKER did not think it was wise that
members of Committees should be chosen from one
part of the colony only on questions of this kind,
which certainly affected the whole of the colony.

Mr. KATENE had no objection whatever to increase
the number by adding members from the Middle
Island, and would also ask leave to amend the motion
by substituting five for three as a quorum.

Leave granted, and motion as amended agreed to.

THURSDAY, 16TH JULY.

Mr. SHEEHAN asked, Whether the Government had
received from the Native Lands Court Judges any
report upon the provisions and effect of working " The
Native Lands Act, 1873 ;" and, if so, whether they
would lay such report upon the table ?

Mr. VOGEL, in reply, said the Government had re-
ceived a large number of remarks and criticisms upon
the existing Act from the various Judges of the
Native Lands Court, but they did not propose to lay
the papers on the table. They had, however, taken
advantage of the information afforded, and were pre-
paring a Bill, which would shortly be submitted to
the House.

WEDNESDAY, 22ND JULY.

Mr. TAIAROA moved " That any report which may
have been received by the Government from Mr.
Alexander Mackay on the subject of the subdivision
of Native reserves in the southern portion of the
Middle Island, or any new allotment of land for
Natives in that district, be laid upon the table."

He said great trouble had been caused among the
Natives in consequence of the division of land made

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

195

ia, me etahi atu mema hoki, i hiahia kia kite i te
pukapuka whakaaturanga kia mohiotia e ratou nga
whenua kua tukua.

Ki ana te POKEKA, kaore ano kia kitea e te
Minita mo te taha Maori taua pukapuka whakaatu,
hei tera wiki pea a ia te tao mai ai. Ka tono ia ki
te Runanga kia whakaaetia taua tono kia nekehia
atu ki tetahi rangi.

A, nekehia atu ana.

TE RUNANGA O RUNGA.
TUREI, HURAE 28.

Ka mea a G. R. TEONETANA. kia whakaaetia
tana kupu nei na, "Ki te whakaaro o tenei Runanga
he mea tika kia rehitatia (kia tuhia) nga whanau-
tanga tamariki Maori, a he tika kia whakaritea he
tikanga inaianei ano e taea ai te pera."

Ki tana whakaaro he maha nga tikanga e pai ai
taua ritenga. Inahoki, he mea tika pea ia hei
whakatupu i te matauranga me te maramatanga i
roto i nga Maori. Inaianei kua mohiotia e te toko-
maha kaore e tino tupato ana nga wahine Maori ki
te whakatupu i a ratou tamariki i runga i nga
tikanga atawhai e ora ai te tamariki; he mea ano
kaore rawa e whai ngakau ana ki te whakatupu. Ki
te mea ka whakamanaia tana tikanga, katahi pea ka
tupato aua wahine ki o ratou tamariki. Tetahi, ma
taua tikanga e ata tika ai pea te mahi tatau i nga
tangata o te iwi Maori; kia kitea ai hoki he tika, he
he ranei, te ki e heke ana te tupu o te iwi Maori.
Tera hoki tetahi tikanga nui atu ki tona whakaaro i
era kua whakahuatia nei e ia. Kua mohio ratou
katoa he nui nga pukapuka hoko whenua, reti
whenua, i whakahetia i runga i te whakaaro kaore
ano nga tau o te tangata nana i tuhituhi kia tao noa
ki te rua te kau ma tahi. I ki ia i whakahetia i
runga "i te whakaaro," no te mea kaore hoki he
tuturutanga o taua mea, he mea kimi kau noa na te
whakaaro. Ko te tikanga tenei i whakaaro ai ia he
tikanga nui, i ara ai hoki tana kupu. Kua mohio
ano ia e kore ano e kitea inaianei nga painga o taua
tikanga e tonoa nei e ia; ahakoa, e kore e tika kia
whiua ki tahaki mo tena. He mahi ano ta te tangata
mo nga uri o muri i a ia.

Ko te ROPITINI i ki me whakauru he kupu ki
roto ki taua tono kia rehitatia ano hoki nga mea
mate.

Ko te MATERA. i ki me whakauru he kupu mo nga
marenatanga.

Ka mea a Takuta PORENA (o te Kawanatanga) ka
pai ia kia rangona te whakaaro o Wi Tako Ngatata
ki runga ki taua tikanga. Ko ratou, nga tangata o
te iwi Pakeha, kua mohio ki te whakahonore i taua
ture, kua mohio ki ona painga ; engari e kore pea e
pera nga Maori. E kore e matauria e ratou, kia roa
hoki pea ratou e akona ana ka mohio ai ratou ki nga
tika kei roto i taua ritenga, a ka whakaatu mai ai i
nga matenga me nga whanautanga, kia ata tika ai te
rehitatanga. He mea ata mahi marire ano te puka-
puka tauanga o nga tangata Maori katoa o te motu
kua oti nei te whakatakoto ki te tepa. Ko nga
tangata matau ki te ahua o te iwi Maori kua mohio
ratou he iwi ia e tupato tonu ana i nga wahi katoa, e
owhiti tonu ana ki nga mahi a te Kawanatanga me a
nga Pakeha noa atu ki a ratou. Ko taua mea noa
iho nei, te tatau tangata o te motu, he mea noa nei ki
te Pakeha, he hanga owhiti ia ki te iwi Maori, tera
te mahara mai he tikanga pehea ranei kei muri e
huna ana, hei mate mo ratou. Ki tana whakaaro,
akuanei ko te mea tena mana e whakararuraru i taua
tikanga e korero nei tona hoa, a te Teonetana, e kore
ai e taea te whakatuturu i roto i nga Maori, ahakoa

by Mr. Mackay in the Middle Island. He, as well
as other members, wished to see the report, for the
purpose of ascertaining what awards had been made.

Mr. VOGEL said the report had not yet been seen
by the Native Minister, who was expected to arrive
in Wellington in the course of next week. He would
ask the House to consent to the adjournment of the
debate.

Debate adjourned.

LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL.

TUESDAY, 28TH JULY.

The Hou. Mr. G. R. JOHNSON moved, " That, in the
opinion of this Council, it is desirable that a register
of the births of Maori children should be kept, and
that the necessary steps should at once be taken to
carry out this object."

He thought there were many reasons which would
recommend this course. For instance, it might have
a good effect in cultivating the Maoris. At present,
he believed, it was generally known that Mao ri women
were not too careful of their children, and, in many
instances, were not all willing to rear them. He
thought if the suggestions contained in this resolution
were carried out, it would have the effect of making
the Maori women more careful. Again, it might
assist in making up a more correct Census of the
Maori population, and enable them to come to some
conclusion as to whether or not the opinion that the
numbers of the Maori were diminishing was correct.
However, there was another reason in favour of his
motion, to which he attached greater weight than to
the others he had mentioned. They knew that many
cases had occured in which deeds of lease, or sale of
land had proved to be valueless, in consequence of
the Maori who signed the deed being supposed to be
under the age of twenty-one. He said " supposed "
because, in fact, there was nothing but supposition
and conjecture to go upon in these matters. This
was the reason to which he attached the greater
importance in bringing forward this motion. He
would merely add that he recognized the benefit
arising from his proposal would not be felt at once ;

but he thought it would not be right to set it aside
on that account. They had duties to perform towards
their successors.

The Hon. Mr. ROBINSON suggested that the regis-
tration of deaths should also be inserted in the
motion.

The Hon. Mr MANTELL, suggested that the honor-
able gentleman should insert a provision for the
registration of marriages.

The Hon. Dr. POLLEN said he would have been
glad to learn what views the Hon. Mr. Ngatata
entertained on the subject. They of the European
race were accustomed to the observance of such a
law, and understood its advantages; but that would
not be the case with the Maoris. They would not
understand it, and it would take some time to educate
them, in order to make them sufficiently alive to the
advantages of the system, and to induce them to give
the necessary information, so that a complete regis-
tration might take place. A very elaborate census
had just been laid on the table, showing the numbers
of the Maori population of the whole island. Those
who were cognizant of the Native character knew
very well that there was everywhere a kind of
suspicion of the operations of the Government and
the Europeans in respect to them ; and even in the
matter of taking the census—which Europeans looked
upon as a thing of course—they imagined some con-
cealed object on the part of the Government which
was calculated to injure them. He thought that
would be found to be the great difficulty in the way
of the initiation of such a system of registration as

196

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

ia he tikanga pai. O tira he tikanga nui ia hei
whakaarotanga mo te ngakau; a, ki te whakaaetia
taua tono, e te Runanga, me uiui e te Kawanatanga
me i kore e taea taua ritenga te whakatu. Heoi
ana kupu.

Ka ki a WI TAKO NGATATA i te tononga ki a ia
kia rehitatia e ia nga tamariki Maori, me nga ta-
ngata matua ano, rongo tonu ia. Ko taua pukapuka
i waiho ki a te Make; a i tona hokinga mai (to Wi
Tako) i tuhituhia e ia nga ingoa o nga tangata o
Werengitana, nga tamariki me nga pakeke, a wai-
hotia ana taua pukapuka i a te Karaka. E whakapai
ana a ia ki taua tikanga. Tera pea nga tangata e
kuare ana, engari he porangi ratou. Ko nga tangata
matau e kore e whakahe.

Ka whakahokia mai e te TEONETANA. E kore ia
e ki me tino whakarite te whakahaeretanga o taua
tikanga i roto i nga Maori ki to te mea e whaka-
haerea nei i roto i te iwi Pakeha. Heoi tana i mea
ai ma nga kai-rehita e uiui ki nga Maori aua wha-
nautanga me aua matenga.

Katahi ka whakatikaia taua tono ana kia penei,
ara, " Ki te whakaaro o tenei Runanga he mea tika
kia rehitatia nga whanautanga me nga matenga o
nga tangata o te iwi Maori, a he tika kia whakaritea
he tikanga inaianei ano e taea ai te pera."

Heoi, whakaaetia ana e te Runanga.

TE MAHI WHAKAPAU NGAHEREHERE.

TENEI ka panuitia atu ki raro iho nei etahi o nga
korero i panuitia e te Pokera mo te mahi whakapau
ngaherehere i etahi atu motu o te ao nei, i panuitia e
ia i tona tononga i roto i te Paremete kia tuaruatia
te panuitanga o te Pire Ngaherehere o Niu Tirani, i
te 14 o Hurae kua taha nei:—

Ko Takuta Huka, i roto i tetahi reta i tuhia e ia
mo nga whakahaeretanga tikanga ki Hirana, he motu
kei te akau o Inia, i whakaputa ki etahi korero i tuhia
mai ki a ia i nga motu e huaina ana ko nga Riwata
Aerani, kei te Weta Inia, koia tenei:—

" He nui rawa te ahua ketanga o etahi motu i
etahi e takoto tata tonu ana i te wahi kotahi. Ko te
he kua pa ki nga mea pakupaku o aua motu e mohio-
tia rawatia ana na te tangata anake ano i whakahe.
E korerotia ana i mua ai he waoku ururua katoa aua
motu ; a ko nga tangata kaumatua o aua motu i kite
i te takiwa i nui ai te ua ki reira, i marumaru ai hoki
i te ngaherehere nga hiwi me nga wahi katoa kaore i
ngakia ki te kai. Na te paunga o nga rakau te mate
o muri i puta ai. Ka whakatuwheratia te whenua
kia hangai nga hihi o te ra ki runga, tona hanga he
maroke, he raki rawa, kaore hoki te ua e tae iho ana
ki nga pakiaka o te tarutaru. Te takiwa ua i enei
motu e hara i te mea he rangi kapua pouri, marumaru
tonu nei te ahua; engari he ua mutumutu, ua ana
mao ana, ua ana mao ana, me te kaha rawa hoki o te
ra i waenganui o nga uanga. E mimiti wawe ana hoki
te wai i te kore whakamarumaru mo te whenua, a ngaro
ana hoki, pakihi ana, nga puna wai me nga awa wai."

Ko te Hau, te tumuaki o te Hunga Whakaputa i
nga Matauranga, kei Amerika, (he Runanga), e ki
penei ana, ara:—

"I tenei wa ano e tuhituhi atu nei au, ko nga
nupepa o te ao e whakaatu mai ana ki a tatou i tera
aitua whakaaroha, a te mate kei Inia i te hemo kai;

a ko te Kawanatanga o Ingarani e whakaputa ana
inaianei i tona kaha nui ki te whakaiti i taua mate e
kore nei e taea te whakakore rawa, taua mate ra e
whakaarotia ana ki tona ahua mai, hei tino matenga

his honorable friend contemplated, however desirable
it might be. It was, however, a subject well worthy
of consideration, and he could assure the honorable
gentleman and the Council that if they thought proper
to pass this resolution, inquiry would be made as to
whether it was possible, under the circumstances, to
establish such a system. That was all he could
undertake to say.

The Hon. Mr. NGATATA said that when he was
asked to register the names of young people of the
Maori race he did so, and of grown-up people also.
That document was left with Mr. Mackay, and when
he (Mr Ngatata) returned he wrote down the names
of the young and old people of Wellington, and the
document was left in the hands of Mr. Clarke. He
approved of this measure. There might be some who
did not understand a measure of the kind, but they
were very foolish, and those who understood it would
agree with it.

The Hon. Mr. G. R. JOHNSON, in reply, was not
prepared to say that such a measure as this should
be enforced with regard to Maoris in the same way
as it was enforced in respect to Europeans. He
merely suggested that the information should be
obtained from the Maoris by the Registrars.

The honorable gentleman then amended his motion
as follows :—" That in the opinion of this Council, it
is desirable that a registrar of the births and deaths
of persons of the Maori race should be kept, and that
the necessary steps should at once be taken to carry
out this object."

Motion as amended carried.

DESTRUCTION OF FORESTS.

We give below some extracts from reports on the
destruction of forests in various parts of the world
read by Mr. Vogel, when moving the second reading
of the New Zealand Forests Bill, on the 14th of July
last:—

Dr. Hooker, in a letter respecting Ceylon, on the
coast of India, refers as follows to an account he
received from the Leeward Islands, West India :—

" The contrast between neighbouring islands simi-
larly situated is most striking. The sad change
which has befallen the smaller ones is, without any
doubt, to be ascribed to human agency alone. It is
recorded of these that in former times they were
clothed with dense forests, and their oldest inhabi-
tants remembered when the rains were abundant, and
the hills and all uncultivated places where shaded by
extensive groves. The removal of the trees was cer-
tainly the cause of the present evil. The opening of
the soil to the vertical sun rapidly dries up the
moisture, and prevents the rain from sinking to the
roots of plants. The rainy seasons in these climates
are not continuous cloudy days, but successions of
sudden showers, with the sun shining hot in the
intervals. Without shade upon the surface the
water is rapidly exhaled, and springs and streams
diminish."

Mr. Hough, President of the "United States Asso-
ciation for the Advancement of Science, says:—

" At the moment of our writing, the public journals
are giving most painful accounts of the distress in
India from famine, and the British Government is
putting forth its utmost efforts to alleviate the
miseries which it will be impossible to prevent, and
which, from present appearances, must result in the
starvation of thousands of the native population, who

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI

197

ia mo etahi mano tini tangata o nga tangata whenua I
o Inia e noho ana i tawhiti atu o te wahi tuwhanga
kai a te Kawanatanga. Na, no runga i te ata
whakaaro ki te take o tenei aitua, e kimihia ana i roto
i nga whakaaturanga kua tae mai ki a tatou, ka tino
mohiotia ko te tino take o taua mate ko te whaka-
paunga o nga ngaherehere, i nui ake nei te hohoro o
te pau i enei tau kua taha nei i to te takiwa i era tau
o mua; a no reira hoki, no te tuwheratanga o te
whenua ki te ra me te hau, i tino puta ai taua aitua
mate nui."

Ko te Makarere, he tohunga matau rawa, rongo
nui, no Wi Wi, e ki ana :—

" He oranga mo te katoa kei roto i te tikanga tiaki
ngaherehere, na reira ka kiia hei mahi tika rawa ia
ma te Kawanatanga. Ko nga mea katoa e hiahiatia
ana e te tangata i tona oranga e noho tata ana ki te
taha o taua tikanga tiaki ngaherehere; te mahi
whakatupu kai, te hanga whare, me nga mahi ahu-
whenua noa atu, kei reira anake he huhuatanga, koi
reira anake he tikanga e tika ai, me i kore te rakau
kua he aua tikanga katoa. He taonga nui te nga-
herehere mo te tangata, mo te Motu katoa ano hoki.
Na reira i tika ai te mahi hokohoko, me te kawekawe
taonga ki etahi wahi ; na reira hoki nga Kawanatanga
o te ao i whai tikanga ai, i tiakina ai, i ora ai, i ranga-
tira ai, i rongo nui ai. E hara i te mea ko te rawa
anake e puta mai ana i runga i te whakahaere tika o
nga ngaherehere e mohiotia ai tona tikanga. Engari
he nui rawa nga painga e tau ana ki te whenua i
runga i ona ngaherehere, ara ki te motu e whai
ngahere ana; koia ra ko te whakapumau me te
whangai i nga puna me nga awa ki te wai, ko te
whaka-u i te oneone o nga maunga kei riro i te wai,
ko te whakapai mo te tuku oranga ki roto ki te ao o
te rangi. Ko te hanga ngaherehere nui nei he mea
whakakore he mea whakamate i te kaha o nga hau
tupuhi e kahaki nei i nga kakano, e whakakino nei
hoki i te tupu, o nga rakau i te maioiotanga. he
huihuinga he puritanga hauku hoki ia; ho mea

whakamarumaru hoki ia i te oneone o nga raorao, o
nga kaokao maunga hoki; kei reira ia te wai ua e
rere ana ka araitia e te mano tini o te pakiaka, o te
rakau, o te aha atu, a ka mimiti ki roto ki te oneone
ka ata heke ma roto i te whenua, tae marire ki nga
awa. Kei to ngaherehere hoki he tikanga mo te ao o
te rangi, ara mo te makukutanga e makuku ai, mo te
maroketanga ranei e maroke ai, e paki ai. Na, ki te
whakapaua te ngaherehere, ma reira e roa ai nga
takiwa paki, a raki tonu iho te whenua ; ma reira hoki
e kino ai te whenua i te waipuke, e tahia atu ai hoki
te oneone o te kaokao maunga. He nui ngamotu i riro
ai te paunga o ona ngaherehere hei aitua rawa moua,
hei take he noa iho mona. He mate tenei e tika ana
kia tupatoria e te tangata, ara ko nga ngaherehere
kia kore e nui atu te whakapaunga i to te mea. e tika
ana mo nga tino mahi a te tangata kia taea. E kore
rawa hoki e kore te he o te mahi maumau ngahere-
here ; kia rau noa rapea nga tau e mahi ai te iwi i
muri ka taea ai ano he oranga—ara kia tupu ake ano
he ngaherehere hou. Na, kua kitea nuitia enei
tikanga katoa, na reira i riro nui ai te whakaaro o
katoa nga tangata whakahaere tikanga, i roto i nga
whakatupuranga katoa, ki runga ki te tikanga tia-
kanga ngaherehere."

Ko te Kareenita, o Haako, tetahi; e korero ana
ki te ahua o tetahi kainga kei Hauta Amerika,
e huaina ana ko Warenihia. E ki ana i mua
ai kotahi tonu maero me te hawhe te mata-
ratanga atu o tetahi roto purotu, ataahua rawa,
i taua kainga, he mea taiawhio katoa taua roto ki te
ngaherehere. Muri iho ka tapahia nga rakau, takoto
watea ana te whenua; muri rawa iho ka mimiti
haere te wai o taua roto, a tae. ana ki te wha maero

live remote from bases of governmental supply.
From a careful study of this subject, with such data
as are accessible in late reports, we cannot doubt but
that this calamity is largely due to the fact that the
forests have, within recent years, been swept off much
more rapidly than formerly, and that the exposure to
winds and sun, thus occasioned, may have largely
contributed to these painful results."

Professor Macarel, a French writer, quoted as a
high authority, says,—

" The preservation of forests is one of the first
interests of society, and consequently one of the
first duties of Government. All the wants of life
are closely related to their preservation ; agriculture,
architecture, and Almost all the industries, seek
therein their aliment and resources, which nothing
could replace. Necessary as are the forests to the
individual, they are not less so to the State. It is
from thence that commerce finds the means of
transportation and exchange, and that Governments
claim the elements of their protection, their safety,
and even their glory. It is not alone from the
wealth which they offer by their working under wise
remulations that we may judge of their utility.
Their existence is of itself of incalculable benefit to
the countries that possess them, as well in the
protection and feeding of the springs and rivers, as
in their prevention against the washing away of the
soil upon mountains, and in the beneficial and
healthy influence which they exert upon the atmos-
phere. Large forests deaden and break the force
of heavy winds that beat out the seeds and injure
the growth of plants ; they form reservoirs of
moisture ; they shelter the soil of the fields, and
upon hill-sides, where the rain-waters, checked in
their descent by the thousand obstacles they present
by their roots and the trunks of trees, have time to
filter into the soil, and only find their way by slow
degrees to the rivers. They regulate, in a certain
degree, the flow of the waters, and the bygrometrical
condition of the atmosphere, and their destruction
accordingly increases the duration of droughts, and
gives rise to the injuries of inundations, which
denude the face of the mountains. The destruction
of forests has often become, to the country where
this has happened, a real calamity and a speedy
cause of approaching decline and ruin.. Their injury
and reduction below the degree of present or future
waata, is among the misfortunes which we should
provide against, and one of those errors which
nothing can excuse, and which nothing but centuries
of perseverance and privation can repair. Pene-
trated with these truths, legislators have in all ages
made the preservation of forests an object of especial
solicitude."

Mr. Granger, of Saco, instances the case of Valen-
cia, in South America, which was once situated about
one mile and a-half from a beautiful lake that was
surrounded by a dense forest. The trees were cut
away, and in course of time the waters receded to a
distance of four miles and a-half. The trees were
afterwards replaced by others, and in about twenty-
two years the lake returned to its original bound-
aries.

198

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

me te hawhe te mataratanga atu i taua kainga.
Katahi ka whakatokia ano ki te rakau, a, mutu rawa
ake nga tau e rua te kau ma rua, kua hoki mai ano
te wai o te roto ki ona rohe tawhito.

Ko Harehi Kiriri, he tangata rongo nui no Ame-
rika, e ki ana:—

" Me he mea kua kapi katoa ano ki te ngahere-
here, pera me mua, a .runga o nga maunga, me nga
pari kohatu, o tenei porowini (kei Niu laka), a ka
waiho kia tu ana mutu noa te whakatupuranga
kotahi o te tangata, penei kua iti haere te kino o nga
waipuke, kua kore e mimiti nga puna wai; kua tuturu
tonu te heke o te wai i roto i nga awa, ko nga apu
hau ka ngawari iho, e kore hoki e nui rawa te mate
o te hua rakau i te tupuhi. Kua tini noa hoki te
manu hei whakaahuareka i a tatou ki tona reo pai
ki te tangi, hei hoa awhina hoki i a tatou ki te wha-
whai ki te hanga ngarara pakupaku e kai nei i nga
kai; ka nui noa te tupu o te pititi ma tatou, o te
tiere, o era atu hua pai hoki, ka tata nei te ngaro
rawa inaianei i te tupuhi, i te hanga ngarara paku-
paku hoki, te kai. Tetahi, kua nui atu he kau ma
tatou, kua nui ata he waiu o runga o te whenua
patiti iti iho i to te whenua katoa e whakatupuria
ana ki te patiti inaianei."

He nui nga korero o ia wahi o ia wahi i panuitia e
te Pokera, he mea whakaatu katoa i te he e puta
mai ana i runga i te mahi whakapau ngaherehere—
ara, te he o te tupu o te kai, te iti haere o te ua, te
mimiti o nga awa, me te he o te rangi, ara he raki.
Otira kia kotahi hoki ta matou e korero, ka mutu.
No roto ia i tetahi pukapuka mo nga tikanga
" Whakahaeretanga Ngaherehere ; " he mea tuhi-
tuhi na Takuta Paraone. E ki ana taua tangata:—

" Pera ano nga he e kitea ana ki Nota Amerika
i runga i te whakawateatanga o nga ngaherehere,
ara kei nga wahi kua roa e mahia ana e te tangata.
Kua kitea e au ano ki reira nga awa wai tawhito
kua parautia, a heoi te mea i mohiotia ai he awa ko
tona ahua hapua e takoto haere atu ana i nga
paamu. I korero mai nga tangata noho ki reira,
i to ratou taenga tuatahitanga mai ki te ngaherehere
he wai katoa i roto i aua ara wai e heke tonu ana ; a
no te hinganga o te ngaherehere, ka takoto watea
hoki te whenua, ka whitingia e te ra, ka parautia
hoki, katahi ka mimiti haere, nawai a, ka maroke rawa.
He nui nga rau tangata me o ratou whanaunga i
toroa e au, i nga wahi o Nota Amerika kei te Ingarihi
e noho ana, i ki mai ki au kua mahue i a ratou nga
wahi i nohoia e ratou i te tuatahi. Te take, ko nga
awa i nohoia e ratou nga tahataha, mahara noa e
mau tonu te wai, i mimiti rawa, pakihi rawa, i te
ngaronga o te ngaherehere i tuaia e ratou. Otira e
kore ano e haere ki etahi whenua ke atu i Ingarani
nei ano te kite ai i te he o te oneone i te ngaronga o
te ngaherehere—ara te maroke, te raki. Ko au tonu
kua kite i etahi wahi nui i te taha hiwi e nui tonu
ana te wai o nga puna i te wa e tupungia ana te
whenua e te rakau ; a no te korenga o te rakau kua
kore hoki, kua pakihi. Tera atu hoki etahi wahi
whenua i kite au he whenua maroke ia i mua ai, no
te whakatakanga ki te rakau, a ka te tekau ma rua
tau e tupungia ana, katahi ka wai te whenua me te
nui haere o te wai i roto i nga tau katoa, ka timata
hoki te toto haere etahi awa pakupaku nei. Na, kei
raro i te marumaru o te rakau ka mau tonu te ma-
kuku o te whenua, a i etahi wahi ka humenetia hei
puna, hei awa, kei te ahua o te oneone te tikanga."

Horace Greeley, a late distinguished American,
says :—

" Were all the rugged crests and rocky acclivities
of this county (Westchester, New York) bounteously
wooded once more, and kept so for a generation, our
floods would be less injurious, our springs unfailing,
and our streams more constant and equable ; our
blasts would be less bitter, and our gales less de-
structive to fruit. We should have vastly more birds
to delight us by their melody, and aid us in our not
very successful war against devouring insects; we
should grow peaches, cherries, and other delicate
fruits, which the violent caprices of our seasons and
the remorseless devastations of our visible and in-
visible insect enemies have all but annihilated ; and
we should keep more cows and make more milk on
two-thirds of the land now devoted to grass, than we
actually do from the whole of it."

Mr. Vogel read extracts from various sources,
showing the mischiefs resulting from the destruction
of forests—such as the failure of crops, the diminu-
tion of rain, the drying up of streams, and the de-
terioration of climate. We can only give one more.
It is from a book on " Forestry," by Dr. Brown.
He says:—

(< Similar effects of the clearing of woods are ex-
perienced in North America, wherever the axe of the
settlers has been in operation for a considerable length
of time. There I have myself seen the beds of former
water-courses ploughed, and only observable as such
by their hollow lines running through the farms.
The settlers told me that when they first came into
the forest, these hollow lines ran with a never-failing
supply of water, and that they gradually became dry
as the woods were cleared, and the land subjected to
the plough and the hot rays of the sun. Hundreds
of families that I have visited in British North Ame-
rica have told me that they had been obliged to
change the sites of their original locations, simply
because the streams, on the sides of which they had
sat down, expecting to have an unlimited supply of
water, had dried up as they cleared the land of its
tree crop. But we need not go out of Britain for
proof of the drying effects of injudicious clearing of
forests on the land. In my own experience in deal-
ing with woodlands I have seen, after a large tract
of wood had been cleared from a hill-side, springs
which had, while the land was covered with trees,
yielded a constant supply of water, completely dried
up ; and there are many who can attest this from
observation in respect to similar cases in their own
parts of the country. On the other hand, I, have
frequently been surprised to find, on examining woods
which had been planted some ten or twelve years, all
the land under which had been considered dry at the
time the plantation was made, wet spots, spreading
wider and wider every year, and some of them even
beginning to throw out runs of water ; thus proving,
that under the shade of the trees the larger portion
of the moisture of the land is retained, and therefore
accumulates in spots according to the nature of the
subsoil."

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

199

HE WHARANGI TUWHERA.

Ko nga Pakeha matau ki te Reo Maori e tuhi mai ana ki
tenei nupepa me tuhi mai a ratou reta ki nga reo e rua—te reo
Maori me te reo Pakeha ano.

Ki a te Kai Tuhi o te Waka Maori.

Te Kohekohe, Waikato,

 Hurae 18th, 1874.
E HOA.—Tena koe. Iwi kotahitia ana nga iwi e rua
e noho nei i tenei motu no runga i tou uaua tonu ki
te whakatakoto i te matauranga, i te rangimarie, kia
uakaha tonu i waenganui i a raua. Na, he teina he
tuakana raua i roto i te ture kotahi. I tenei wa kua
tino tiaho te matauranga ki tenei motu. Waihoki, e
miharo ake ana te ngakau ki nga kupu a Ta Hemi
Pakiuhana i whakapuakina nei e ia mo te akoranga
tamariki i Akarana, i puta mai nei i tera putanga o te
Waka. Hari ana, miharo ana te ngakau, o te iti o te
rahi; rarawe noa nga ngutu o te kai-korero i taua
nupepa. Hei tino rama ia e tiaho mai ana i roto i te
rangimarietanga. Maharatia ana hei roto pea i te
pakaritanga o tenei whakaputanga kupu eketia ai te
upoko o te nanakia niho koi nei, o " Waipiro." Ko
reira ia menemene ai nga iwi i waho o te matauranga,
hei mea e hari te Puriri maro nei ki tona maioiotanga,
e kata ai hoki te Rata uaua nei ki ona puawai papai.

Na, e aku hoa aroha, kua tini nga matauranga e
akiritia ana e tatou i nga ra o mua i o tatou matua
e ora ana. I tenei wa kua motuhake ko tatou anake,
me enei ture e purutia nei e ta.tou, e pohane tonu nei
te ngakau ki te matauranga—ana ano he aha ? Tera te
pungawerewere i piki noa kia eke ia ki te patu o te
whare, a kaore ia i eke ; heoi, tohe punoke tonu ana,
katahi ka eketia tana wahi i tohe ai. Waihoki, hei
tino mea whakamiharo ki a tatou ina whai tatou ki te
tohe punoke kia eketia e tatou te turanga matau-
ranga o nga iwi matau o te ao nei. Koia ia ko te
Kura ko te Whakapono, ko te turanga ia e huaina ai
tatou, a enei whakatupuranga e haere ake nei, hei
iwi hari.

Tera hoki tetahi huarahi horipu mo tatou ki te
matauranga; ko te whakanui i to tatou taonga e
tukua mai ana ki a tatou, ara ko te Waka Maori. E
hara tenei kupu aku mo era hoa atu o te motu e ahu
nui ana ki taua taonga, ki te Waka Maori. Engari

mo oku iwi tonu o tenei takiwa taku kupu; he
ruarua nei hoki o ratou e whakanui ana i te taonga.
Ko te ara tonu ia ki te painga e wawatatia ana mo
tenei ao. E hara ianei nga ra o te rangimarie me te
matauranga i te mea whakahari ki te ngakau ?
Titiro hoki ki tera hoa o tatou, ki a Meiha Ropata, e
kata mai ra i tera motu i Hirini i runga i te " autaia
rerewe" nei, e ai ki tana. Nga mahi ra o te rangi

marie me te matauranga, rangona ana te kuui me te
tiorotanga o nga manu whai tohu o te tau whai hua
mo ia wahi mo ia wahi. Ki te pai te hoa, a Meiha
Ropata, kia whakapaua mai ana mea i kite ai, me ona
haerenga katoatanga i tera motu e pai ana, hei
mowhiti koura ia ki te ringa, hei wawatatanga hoki
ma te ngakau i nga mahi miharo o tera whenua ke.
Korawa hoki i poapoaina mai ai ki nga me ruarua

nei ?

Kei te nui te whakamiharo o te ngakau ki te mahi
rangatira a te Kingi o Whitii, me ona iwi, kua tukua
nei ki a Wikitoria, te Kuini o Ingarani, to ratou
rangatiratanga. Ko reira nei eketia ai e rato u nga
turanga matau o nga iwi tohunga o te ao nei.
Kotahi ano te mea e tumanako ana i roto i toku
ngakau, ko oku iwi o tenei takiwa kaore ano i pupuri
pono ki nga ture. Otiia, i roto i era tau kua pahemo
ake he nui te pai o nga ture e purutia ana e oku iwi.
Whai ukanga rawa, pooti rawa kia tu tetahi Ru-

OPEN COLUMN.

European correspondents who have a knowledge of Maori
are requested to be good enough to forward their communi-
cations in both languages.

To the Editor of the Waka Maori.

Te Kohekohe, Waikato, 18th July, 1874.
FRIEND,—Greeting. The duties which you are dis-
charging are calculated to unite the two races
inhabiting this country into one people, by the dis-
semination of knowledge, and the encouragement of
of peaceful relations between them ; thus they be-
come as elder and younger brothers under one rule
of practice. In these days the light of knowledge
shines brightly upon our land. The heart rejoices
in the words of Sir James Fergusson, delivered in
Auckland on the education of youth, and published
in a late Waka. All, great and small, were pleased
and delighted beyond measure, and the paper con-
taining the report was read with the greatest in-
terest. Those words were as a great light shining
forthupon us from an atmosphere of peace and happi-
ness. It is to be hoped that out of these full and
perfect utterances (of the Governor) an influence
may arise which will crush the head of that sharp-
toothed monster, " Alcohol." Then would the
people beyond the confines of knowledge be brought
in ; the adamantean Puriri tree would rejoice in its
flexibility, and the firm Rata tree in its beautiful
blossoms.

Now, my friends, in our parents' lifetime we cast
from us many opportunities of acquiring knowledge ;

and now, when left alone, we vainly endeavour to
acquire learning; but what has been the result ? As
the spider essayed many times unsuccessfully to
climb the wall of the house, and at last by persever-
ance succeeded, so, in like manner, it will be matter
of rejoicing for us if we, by perseverance, attain to
that position of knowledge and learning occupied by
the civilized nations of the world. And Schools and
Christianity are the means to this end. By attention
to these things, we, the rising generation, may become
a happy people.

There is another ready means by which we may
acquire knowledge ; and that is by supporting the
Waka Maori, which is a great boon bestowed upon
us. I do not, in this matter, allude to those tribes of
the island who largely support the Waka Maori.
I refer particularly to my own people of this district,
very few comparatively of whom support it; al-
though it is one road leading to the blessings which
we are all so anxious to obtain in this world. Are
not days of peace and knowledge matter of rejoicing
for the heart ? Look at our friend Major Ropata,
in Sydney, expressing his delight with that " wonder-
ful train," as he calls it. In times of peace and
knowledge are heard the songs of birds, which usher
in years of plenty for every region. If Major
Ropata would favour us with the completion of his
account of his travels, and the things he saw in that
country, we should be glad, and should value it as a
golden ring upon the finger, and meditate with
delight upon the wonderful things of that strange
land. Why should he excite our desires by revealing
only a few incidents of his travels ?

The course pursued by the King of Fiji and his
people, in ceding the sovereignty of their country to
Victoria the Queen of England, is one which com-
mends itself strongly to the mind. They will, by
that means, participate in the wisdom possessed by
the educated races of the world. It is a source of
anxiety to me that my people in this district have
not yet honestly held fast to the law. Some years
past they had excellent Regulations and laws to which
they adhered. A regular system was adopted, and

200

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

nanga ki to matou takiwa hei whakahaere hei pehi
hoki i nga tikanga taua a te Maori whakahahake ta-
ngata nei, kia kaua rawa taua mahi puta noa i roto i
oku rohe. Heoi, i taua wa puta rawa te mananga o
nga ture atawhai tangata o Ingarani, takahia rawatia
ana nga tikanga Maori, kore rawa i ara ake te upoko
i taua wa. Tokorua nga tumuaki i tu mo taua
Runanga, ko Ngawharau, ko H. P. Korongoi. E
nuku atu ana i te rau kotahi te huinga o taua
Runanga katoa. He mea tino pai kia tino kaha taua
Runanga ki tana mahi pai; inahoki ki te whakaaro
kua ahua ngoikore taua Runanga, kua koni haere
ano nga mahi Maori i konei. Otira kaore e tino kaha
te tikanga Maori i te ture o taua Runanga; kaore he
kotiti ke o te whakaaro, heoi tonu ko te ture kia
puta.

I te 22 o Mei kua hori nei ka huihui etahi o nga
hapu o Waikato ka hui ki Panehakua, i te takiwa ki
Rangiaowhia, kia whakaritea he purei kiriketi ma
ratou, hei whakaharinga ki te ra whanautanga o te
Kuini, ara ko te 24 o Mei. Ao ake te ra, i te Ra-
horoi, i te 23 o nga ra, he Ratapu hoki te 24, ka
huihui taua hunga ki te raorao pureitanga, rupeke
rawa ake ka tata ki te kotahi rau, haunga nga wahine
me nga tamariki. Kaore he Pakeha i kite i te ta-
karo; i rupeke ratou ki nga taonehipi purei wha-
kahari ai. Tokorua nga taitamariki i whakaritea hei
kai-tuhituhi, ko Ihaka Takiekie, no Wiremu Tamapo.
Heoi, tohitia ana e nga Kapene o tetahi o tetahi,
riro ana te tapoko tuatahi i te tekau ma tahi o Te
Kohekohe, ka riro te tekau ma tahi o Rangiriri ki
waho ki te hopuhopu pooro. Nui rawa te whaka-
moemiti a te hunga matakitaki ki te kakama o te
taitamariki ki te hopu rere i te pooro—etia ano he
mokopeke na te rapeti. He nui te haringa i hari
ai i taua ra; kaore e taea te whakatepe atu i nga
koa, i nga wiketi, i nga aha atu o ia hanga. Te koa
a tera o te Kohekohe i 118, e toru nga wiketi i toe.
Te koa a tera o Rangiriri i 85; a mihi ana ratou,
riro ana ma ratou e utu nga moni £22 i ata whaka-
ritea e katoa kia pau i te kai hakari a taua ra.

Nga tangata matau o tera o te Kohekohe, ko Te
Ratu, Herewini, Karepe, Makiwhara, Waka, Hara-
wira, Wetere, me Te Raiwhanake. He nui rawa to
ratou mohio, he hunga uru ano ratou ki nga purei
Pakeha. Nga tangata matau o tera o Rangiriri, ko
Hunia Maki, Emanuera, Te Aohau, Te Whatu, Hiri-
weteri, me Taniora Te Au.

Kati i konei, kei hoha koe.

Na to hoa

NA MANAHI
o Te Kohekohe, Waikato.

Ei a te Eai Tuhi o te Waka Maori.

Werengitana, Akuhata 4, 1874.
E HOA.,—Kua rongo au ki nga tangata e korero ana
i te Waka Maori i ahuareka ratou ki era reta i tuhia
mai e au i Hirini mo aku mea i kite ai ki reira, no
konei, ki te pai mai koe, ka timata atu ano e au he
korero whakaatu i era atu mea i kitea e au i Mere-
pana.

• No te otinga o nga raruraru o te Makarini ki
Poihakena katahi ano ka puta tana kupu kia haere
mai matou whaka te hau tonga, kia kite i nga whenua
o Wikitoria, me ona taone hoki o tera whenua. I te
6 o nga ra o Hune ka whakaritea e ia ko maua ko te
Makarini iti e haere wawe i mua i a ia; a i te 4 ka-
raka o te ahiahi ka eke maua ko te Makarini iti ki
runga ki te tima, a rere tonu mai te tima i taua taima,
a po noa e rere ana to matou tima. Ka mutu te ta-
kiwa e nohoia ana e te tangata o Poihakena; ka kore
he nui tangata katoa tenei whenua nui o taua whenua
ka haerea nei e to matou tima. Te ingoa o to matou

a Runanga was duly elected for the management of
our affairs in our district, and for the entire suppres-
sion, within our boundaries, of hostile expeditions,
common among the Maoris, by which men were
stripped of their property and impoverished. Then,
at that time also, came the power of the protecting
laws of England, and the Mao ri practices were
abolished, and did not again make head at that time. -
There were two persons who presided over that
Runanga—Ngawharau, and H. E. Korongoi. The
Runanga numbered over one hundred members. It
would be well if the Runanga in question would put
forth more energy in their good work, for they seem
to have become lukewarm and apathetic in the per-
formance of their duties, and old Maori practices are
again beginning to make head-way here. But the
Maori practices will not prevail against the Runanga,
as their steadfast endeavour is to uphold the laws.

On the 22nd of May last, certain hapus of Waikato,
being assembled at Panehakua, in the district of
Rangiaowhia, arranged to play a game of cricket, in
celebration of the Queen's birthday, the 24th of May.
As that day, however, was Sunday, nearly a hundred
persons, exclusive of women and children, assembled
on the cricket ground, on Saturday, the 23rd of May.
There were no Europeans present to witness the
game, as they were all absent merry-making in the
various Waikato townships. Two young men, Ihaka
Takiekie and Wiremu Tamapo, were appointed
scorers. The captains having tossed for innings, the
Kohekohe eleven got the first innings, and the
Rangiriri eleven took the field to catch the balls.
The observers were greatly pleased with the activity
exhibited by the young men in their flying leaps to
catch the ball—they leaped like so many rabbits.
The people enjoyed themselves exceedingly on that
day, but I cannot fully describe the whole proceed-
ings—scores, wickets, &c. The score of the Kohe-
kohe eleven was 118, with three wickets to fall. The
full score of the Rangiriri eleven was 85 ; they con-
sequently lost, and had to pay the sum of £22,
which it had been arranged should be spent in a feast
on that day.

The best players of the Kohekohe eleven were Te
Ratu, Herewini, Karepe, Makiwhara, Waka, Hara-
wira, Wetere, and Te Raiwhanake. They had ac-
quired skill by playing with Europeans. The best
players of the Rangiriri side were Hunia Maki,
Emanuera, Te Aohau, Te Whatu, Hiriweteri, and
Taniora Te Au.

I shall now conclude, lest I weary you.
From your friend,

MANAHI,
of the Kohekohe, Waikato.

To the Editor of the Waka Maori.

Wellington, August 4th, 1874.

SIR,—As I understand that the readers of the
Waka Maori have been interested in the perusal of
the letters which I addressed to you from Sydney
respecting what I saw in that place, I now, with your
permission, proceed to give them an account of my
experiences in Melbourne.

When Mr. McLean had completed his business in
Melbourne, he informed us that we were about to
proceed south, where we should have an opportunity
of viewing the towns and district of Victoria. He
directed that I and Mr. K. McLean should precede
him to that place. Accordingly, on the 6th of June,
that gentleman and I embarked on board steamer
at four o'clock p.m , and forthwith proceeded on our
voyage. There were no further inhabitants on the
land. The great extent of country past which we
sailed possessed but few inhabitants. The name of
our steam er was the " Victoria." She was a large

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

201

tima ko " Wikitoria." He tima nui. E haere ana
rapea taua tima, anana! Me te aha ? Me te mata-
karapa. Otira ko te haere tonu ano a te tima nei;

me waiho te matakarapa mo te rerewe. Ka tangata
kore katoa rapea tenei whenua ka haerea nei, a tae
noa matou ki te wahapu o te moana o Wikitoria. Ko
nga maero o te akau o taua whenua tangata kore nei
e ono rau maero. Kei Akarana ki Po Neke, e ahua
pera ana ano te roa ; engari taua whenua e kapi ana
i te tangata te whakahongihongi, tokorua ki tenei
wahi, tokotoru ki tena wahi. Na, ko te nui ia o nga
tangata o era taone kaore nei i tuhatuhaina ki aua
wahi tangata kore nei.

E waru rau mano, e rua ano enei taone nona nei
enei tangata; kaore ana e kapi taua whenua i tahaki.
E toru atu nga tino taone nunui kei etahi wehenga o
taua whenua, kaore nei matou i tae atu ki reira.
Tera atu te nui o nga tangata o era taone. E kore

e taea to whai te nui o nga tangata o Niu Hauta
Weera e te nui o nga tangata o nga Niu Tirani e rua;

inahoki ko te nui o nga tangata o aua Niu Tirani, ara
o nga Pakeha anake, e ahua rite aua ki te toru rau
mano ; ko te nui o nga Maori kaore pea i tae ki te
wha te kau ma ono mano. E kore e kapi i te Pakeha
tera whenua te noho, i te nui ano hoki o taua moutere.
Ko taua moutere hoki te moutere nui atu o nga
moutere o te ao katoa—he moutere iti a Ingarani,
me Niu Tirani, mo etahi atu moutere ano hoki.

Ka tae to matou tima ki te whenua i haerea ai e
matou katahi ka matakitaki ki te moana o Wikitoria.
Ana! kei hea to moana i Niu Tirani hoi rite mo taua
moana te nui! Kia nuku mai a Nepia kia nuku atu
hoki a Waikawa; aua he pae maunga e kitea atu o
tetahi taha o tetahi taha. E rere ana te tima e
matakitaki haere ana i roto o taua moana. E 35
maero o te wahapu ki te taone, kaore he ngaru,
kaore he roma. A, ka tae atu to matou tima ki te
tauranga kaipuke o te taone o Hanareti. E tu ana
rapea te hanga nei a te kaipuke—anana ! Me he
tawera kaanga ona rewa na te ahi; aua tima, ana
manuwao ana rakau rua, aua rakau tahi. Kotahi
manuwao maitai anake, e rima putu i puta ki runga
o te moana te tiketike. He maitai katoa; nui atu
nga pu nunui kai runga. Ko taua tima e Id aua e
kore e pakaru i nga repo a te hoa riri. I homai taua

tima hei aroha ma te Kuini ki te Kawanatanga o
taua whenua. He pera ano hoki te manuwao rakau
toru. I homai ano e ia tera hei whakaako mo nga
tamariki o taua whenua nei ki to mahi i heramana
manuwao, a te mahi nei nga tamariki Pakeha i taua
mahi.

No te piringa o te tima Id te wapu ka eke atu hoki
matou tahi ko nga Pakeha, ki runga o te rerewe, kia
tere ai te tae atu ki te taone nui, ki Merepana.  No
te taenga atu ki taua taone katahi ka matakitaki
Ana ! ta te paparite pai hoki! He pai ano a Hirini
i Poihakena, ko tera pai ano tera ; no te mea he nui
nga ritenga o tenei mea o te pai. Ka nunui nga tiriti
o taua taone, o Merepana ; ka nunui hoki nga whare
pohatu, kaore he whare rakau, he pohatu anake.

I te Turei, te 9 o nga ra o Hune, katahi ano ka
manu mai te waka i a te Makarini, raua ko Kanara
Hinia, i te tauranga o Poihakena, a i te 12 o nga ra
ka tae mai ki te tauranga o te taone iti o Wikitoria,
ki Hanareti. Ka tae atu hoki maua ko te Makarini
iti Id reira ki te whakatau atu i a raua. Heoi, kua
kite atu, kua kite mai, kua ora te ngakau mokemoke

o te aroaro.

I te 13 o nga ra ka tonoa mai e te Kawana Powene
tana karere kia haere atu matou ki tona whare tina

and fast vessel, and she cut through the water with
great velocity. 'Twas wonderful—like the winking
of an eye ! That expression, however, " winking of
an eye," is more applicable to the speed of the rail-
way train. All the great stretch of coast which we
passed, from Sydney to the Heads of Victoria, is
(comparatively speaking) uninhabited—a distance of
six hundred miles. Probably that is about the same
as the distance from Port Nicholson to Auckland;

between which places, however, there are some in-
habitants, occupying spots here and there. But the
population of those towns has not yet extended to
the out-districts.

The total population of Sydney and Victoria
amounts, probably, to 800,000; but the outlying
districts are but sparsely inhabited. There are three
other large towns, situated in other divisions of this
island, which we did not visit. Probably they also
contain a large number of inhabitants. The popula-
tion of New Zealand is not near so large as that of
New ;South Wales ; the European population of this
country being only about 300,000, and the Maori
population probably not more than 46,000. That
country, from its great extent, cannot be fully peo-
pled by the Europeans (who possess it), for it is the
largest of all the islands in the world—England, Now
Zealand, and other islands, are small in comparison
with it.

When our steamer arrived at her destination, wo
beheld the " sea " (harbour) of Victoria. I was quite
taken by surprise. There is no harbour in New Zea-
land at all to compare with it i u extent. The ex-
panse of water was greater than the distance from.
Napier to Waikawa (an island off the Mahia Penin-
sula), nor was there a mountain boundary to be seen
on either side. As we steamed along upon this
extensive sheet of water, we gazed around us with
interest. The distance from the entrance to the
town is thirty-five miles, and there are neither waves
nor current within the harbour. At length the
steamer reached the town of Sandridge, where the
vessels lie. Here were a surprising number of vessels
—it was perfectly astounding! Their masts appealed
thick as the bare stalks of corn in a field over which
the fire has passed. There were steamers, man-of-
war, vessels with two masts, and vessels with oue
mast only. There is one iron vessel of war, which
stands about five feet out of the water. She is built
entirely of iron, and has many large guns on board.
It is said that the shot from the big guns of an
enemy would have no effect on her. She was gra-
ciously presented by the Queen to the Government
of the country, as a mark of her patronage and pro-
tection. So also a three-masted war vessel which is
there. She, also, was given as a training ship for the
children of the colony, to make man-of-war sailors of
them, and the system is now being carried out.

When the steamer got alongside the wharf we,
and other Pakehas, took passage by the railway, so
that we might speedily arrive at the chief town,
Melbourne. When we arrived at that city we beheld
it with admiration. Such is the beauty of level
country ! Sydney, too, is a fine city ; but there are
different kinds of beauty. The streets of Melbourne
are wide, and all built of stone—there are no wooden
houses.

On Tuesday the 7th of June, Mr. McLean and
Colonel St. John left Sydney, and on the 12th they
arrived at the Sandridge wharf, where I and Mr. K.
McLean went to meet them. I saw them, and the
heart of the lonely one rejoiced.

On the 13th, Governor Bowen sent us an invita-
tion to dine with him at seven o'clock in the evening,.

202

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

ai i te ahiahi te 7 karaka ; a haere ana matou. Ka
tae ki tona whare ka kite i a ia, ka tangi ia ki a
matou, me matou ano hoki ki a ia. Pono atu matou
kua huihui atu nga rangatira o te taone ki reira, me
nga upoko o te Kawanatanga, me nga Minita. E
kai ana e korero ana te Pakeha i ana korero, whaka-

rongo kau aua. te taringa Maori. He tokomaha nga
tangata o te iwi o te Makarini i tapoko mai ki taua tina.
Koia ranga upoko o te Kawanatanga o taua whenua nei.

I te Manei, te 15 o nga ra, ka haere a te Makarini
raua ko te Makarini iti i  runga i te rerewe ki nga

taone tuawhenua. He mate noku i kore ai matou
tahi e haere. Kotahi rau e rima te kau maero te
mamao o taua whenua i haerea nei e raua. A tae
ana raua ki taua whenua, kite ana raua i te pai o era
wahi; he parae katoa, kaore he pukepuke, kaore he
maunga. He repo nui kei taua whenua, e 90 maero
te nui. Kotahi wiki o te Makarini ki reira katahi ka
hoki mai.

I tae maua ko te Kawana ki te whare whakatangi-
tangi o te Kawanatanga; me te whare matakitaki
ahua. Kei roto kei tera o aua whare nga tipua e
noho ana, he whakapakoko. Taukiri koe, tena iwi,
te Pakeha, e! E kore e makere te patene noa o te
kaki o te hate, kua mataku ia kua mea:—" Ha ! Ha!
te patene o tou hate, ka makere! Ka kitea e te wa-
hine Pakeha to kaki!" Kaore, tena ano ia kai te
hanga marire ki te pohatu he tangata kiri tahanga
hei whakaatu maua ki te tangata haere ! Ko wai ka
mohio ki ana tikanga! He whare nui te whare mo
te Kawana e mahia ana, mea ake oti ai.

Kaore i taea e matou te nui o nga matakitaki ki
taua whenua, me te nui hoki o nga manaaki a nga hoa
Pakeha o Merepana, i te tata tonu o te raruraru o te
Paremete o Niu Tirani. Na, he kupu whakaatu ano
tenei ki a koutou. E aku hoa o te motu, ahakoa nui
noa nga tikanga a te Pakeha, kotahi ano tikanga i nui
ake, ko te mahi anake. Ma te mahi tonu ka whiwhi;

ma te mangere, he aha mana? E mohio ana koutou
ki te whakatauaki Maori nei :—" Ko mahi ko kai; ko
noho ko iri."

I tae ano au kia kite i nga ngarara e korerotia mai
nei ki a tatou—i te raiona, i te pea, i te neke. Ki
hai i u aku kanohi ki te titiro atu, i te wehi mai. Ki
taku mahara me kore era mea e homai ki tenei motu,
hei reira ano ka mutu atu. Me kaha rawa te kupu
whakakore i era mea kia kaua e maua mai ki tenei
motu. I tae ano maua ko te Makarini ki te whare
mahinga o te moni. I kite au i te whakarewanga;

wehewehenga, whakatapawhatanga, whakaparahara-
hatanga, whakaporotititanga, whakaahuatanga. E
mahia ana i roto o te mineti kotahi te whakaahua-
e £64; puta noa i roto o te ra kotahi, ka te kau ma
ono mano pauna e oti. Erangi tera, i tino u rawa
aku kanohi ki te titiro atu. Ko te rite o te tere o te
mahinga o te koura, i pena me te tero o te tangata
tere rawa ki te tiira kaari.

Na, e hoa ma, tera ano pea tatou e kite tahi i te
mahinga o era mea ki to tatou motu me i kawa tatou
te raruraru, te hoki whakamuri, a tae rawa atu to
tatou hokinga ki te henga o Tainui raua ko te Arawa
i to raua manutanga mai i Hawaiki. Ka maua mai
e raua i reira ko te " Kura;" a, te taenga mai ki

Whangaparaoa i tenei motu, i raro atu o Waiapu, ka
kite mai i te Kata o uta e whero atu ana, ara i ona
pua. Katahi nga tangata o aua waka ka mea :—
•" E hoa ma, e hara tenei i te Kura e haria nei e,
tatou ! Tenei ke te tino Kura te whero mai nei i
uta." Katahi ka mea etahi:—" Ae ra! Me whiu at.u
tenei Kura e haria nei e tatou." Na, vwhiua ana ki
te wai. Katahi ratou ka mau ki nga pua whero o
nga Rata. Ki hai i roa e whitikia ana e te ra, ka
ngahoro, ka mate. Ka mea ratou:—" E ! E hara
enei i te Kura. Koia ano tera te tino Kura kua
whiua nei." Hoki rawa ake nga mahara ki ta ratou

and we went. He was pleased to see us and greeted
us most cordially We found a number of gentlemen
of the town and heads of the Government and the
Ministry had assembled at his house. At dinner the
Pakehas kept up a conversation, which, of course,
was quite unintelligible to Maori ears. There were
a number of Mr. McLean's countrymen present.
Some of them are members of the Government.

On Monday, the 15th, Mr. McLean and Mr. K.
McLean went by train to some of the inland towns.
I was unwell, therefore I did not accompany them.
The place whither they were going was 150 miles
distant. They arrived there safely, and beheld the
beauties of that district, which is open and level,
without any hills or mountains whatever. There is
a large swamp or fen there however, some ninety
miles in extent. Mr. D. McLean returned after a
week's absence.

I accompanied the Governor to a Government
Music Hall (Town Hall, containing a large organ),
and also to a building for the Exhibition of Arts.
In this latter building there are some shocking
things—images. Really, the Pakehas are a most
extraordinary people ! They are shocked if a button
fall from a man's shirt collar, and exclaim—" Mind !
Mind the button of your shirt! It has fallen off!
The ladies will see your throat! " And yet they
manufacture naked images of stone, and exhibit them
to travellers ! Who can comprehend the mystery
of their ways ! A large residence is being erected
for the Governor, which will shortly be finished.

We were unable to see all the sights of the coun-
try, or to avail ourselves of all the invitations and
kindness of the people of Melbourne, owing to the
near approach of the session of the New Zealand
Parliament. And here, my friends, let me say, that
of all features of the Pakehas' character, their in-
dustry is the most important and the most valuable.
Industry will produce wealth, but what will idleness
produce? You know the Maori adage—"Industry
produces food ; indolence produces nothing."

I went to see the reptiles and beasts of which we
have heard accounts—the lion, the bear, and the
snake. I could not consider them with attention,
from the dread with which they inspired me. I trust
such things may not be brought to this country ; let
them remain where they are. I strongly deprecate
their introduction here. I also went with Mr.
McLean to the Mint, where money is coined. I
there saw the process of melting it, dividing it,
making it into square bars, flattening; it, shaping it
into round pieces, and stamping it. In the space of
one minute they can stamp £64, and in a single day
£16,000. This business I observed attentively. The
rapidity of the process was equal to that of an adept
at dealing cards.

Now, my friends; it is probable that we might see
these things carried on in this our own country, were
it not for our dissensions and obstructiveness, and
our retrogression and return even to the ignorance
and stupidity of our forefathers on board the Arawa
and Tainui, when they came hither from Hawaiki.
(The Arawa and Tainui were two of the canoes in
which the early inhabitants migrated to this country.)
They brought from thence a " Kura" (valuable ear
ornament of red feathers), and when they arrived at
Whangaparaoa, north of Waiapu (East Cape), on
the coast of this country, they saw the scarlet blossoms
of the rata trees there, and exclaimed to each other:

" Friends, this is not the real Kura which we are
bringing with us! See, there is the genuine red
article on shore." Some said, "Yes, indeed! Let
us cast away this which wo have with us." And they
cast it into the water. Afterwards, they collected

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

203

taonga ; kei hea te waihotanga ? No muri ka pae ki
uta, ka kitea e Mahinaiterangi. Ka rongo to tino
tangata nana te Kura, a Tauninihi, katahi ka haere
ki te tiki, ki hai i homai. Ko te kupu mai tenei a
Mahinaiterangi :  "He mea pae taku." No reira
nei te whakatauaki:-—" He Kura pae na Mahinaite-
rangi." Koia tona he o tera, ko te tino mea whiua
ake, hopu ke ki te ata. E pera aua hoki tatou
inaianei.

Tetahi. Muri rawa iho ka tao mai a Kapene
Kuku ki tenei motu. Ka tu toua kaipuke ki Tu-
ranganui-o-Kiwa. Katahi ka hoe tona poti ki ma, he
haere nana ki te hoko kai ma ratou ko ona heramana.
Katahi ka whakatika mai nga tangata o taua whenua
he patu i a ratou ko ana heramana ki a ratou taiaha,
meremere. tokotoko, huata. Katahi ia ka mea ki
ona tangata:—"Me hoki tatou ki to kaipuke, kei
mate tatou." Ka mea a Kapene Kuku, he kainga
kai kore taua kainga, ho tangata tonu pea to kai a
nga tangata o tena whenua. (Nana ano tenei i
whakaatu mai ki nga tangata i etahi kainga i muri
iho.) Na reira i huaina ai e ia te ingoa o tera
whenua ko " Kokorutanga Kai-kore." Katahi ka
rere tona kaipuke, tu rawa atu i Uawa, ka kite ia i a
te Whakatatareoterangi. Katahi ia ka mea atu :—
" Tatare ! Tatare ! Homai he kai." Katahi ka tukua
te tahua kai ki a ia. No roira te ki a Kapene Kuku :

—"Tataro! Tatareto rangitere." Katahi ka hoatu
e Kapene Kuku ki a te Whakatatareoterangi ko to
kakahu hanara, ko te pu whakatangi mai tawhiti, ko
te kaho paura, me te mata kahupapa. Ka mea atu
a Kapene Kuku kia taraitia te pupuhi i te pu.
Katahi ka puma, ka whakapiria ki to paparinga,
katahi ka puhia. No te pakunga he ohomauri anake;

taia ana te pu ra ki runga ki te kohatu, whati tonu
atu, whiua atu hoki ki te wai. Katahi ka wahia te
kaho paura. Na, ka kitea nga paura o roto kiia aua
he. pua korau. Katahi ka taraia, te waerenga, ka
oti ; ka maroke ka tahuna ki te ahi, katahi ka ruia.
Katahi ka hari, ka whakatauki te tangata i reira :—
''Katahi ano ka ora nga wahine me nga tamariki, ka
ngaro hold te kopura-kai ki te whenua." Ka mea
etahi:—" Anao ! E tama, ho aha koa i kiia ai. He
rawe ake nei." Katahi ka ua te ua ; ka mea te
tangata :—" Katahi ano te puiaki mo te pua i mia
nei."

Ko te mata ka hangaia hei toki hangai, whakakoi
rawa te mata, whakanoho rawa ki runga ki te kukau
pai. Katahi ka haere te rongo o te toki o te Whaka-
tatareoterangi ki nga iwi katoa. Katahi ka huihui
ki te matakitaki. Ka whakamatauria taua toki ki
tana kai, a te rakau. No te whiunga atu ki te rakau,
anana! ka humene mai te wahi i whakakoia! Katahi
ka mea te iwi nui tonu:—" E! he kore kaore i
tahuna ki te ahi! Me i tahuna ki te ahi katahi ka
pakeke." Ka mea te nuinga:—" He tika! Mahia mai
he wahie. Hei te wahie mata, kia roa ai te kaanga,
kia pakeke ai te toki nei." Katahi ka tahuna te ahi,
ka ka, ka toroa ki runga ki te ahi; anana! ki hai i
roa ka tere! Katahi ka karanga  te tangata:—
" Kapea ki tahaki! Me ata whiriwhiri marie he
tikanga mo to toki uei." He tokomaha nga tangata
i whakatika ki to kape ki tahaki; he nui hoki a ratou
rakau ki te kape. No to kapenga mai; motu ke, motu
ke. Katahi ano ka pae ki tahataha ki te mahue, ki te
whakarere. Ka tutuki hoki ki tona tutukitanga a te
kuare.

some of the scarlet rata blossoms ; but the sun had
not long shone upon them ere they withered and
died. Then they said, " O ! this is not the real Kura.
That which we have cast away is the real thing after
all." But when they looked to find it again, it ap-
peared that it had been cast on shore by the waves
and found by Mahinaiterangi. Tauninihi, the real
owner of the Kura, hearing in whose possession it
was, went and asked that it might be given up to
him, but he was refused. Mahinaiterangi said to
him, " It is a waif of the waters cast on shore, and
therefore mine." Hence the familiar Maori adage :

" This is Mahinaiterangi's Kura—a waif of the sea
cast on shore." So they cast away the reality and
grasped the shadow ; and that  is just what we are
now doing.

Again, long after this Captain Cook visited this
island. He brought up his ship at Turauganui-o-
Kiwa, and went in his boat on shore to purchase
provisions for himself and his sailors. The natives
of the place, with taiahas, meremeres, tokotokos, and
huatas, (wooden and stone weapons) advanced to
attack him and his sailors. He then said to his
people ;—'' Let us return to the ship, lest we be
killed." He said ho supposed there was nothing to
bo got in that place to eat, and that the people lived
ou human flesh. (This he himself subsequently told
the people at another place.) Therefore he called
that place " Poverty Bay." Then he sailed to Uawa,
and there he saw the chief Whakatatareoterangi.
He called out to him;—"Tatare! Tatare! give me
some provisions," and a supply of provision was
given to him accordingly. Then said Captain Cook ;

—"Tatare! Tatare is a chief!" (words which after-
wards became .a proverbialism). Captain Cook then
gave to Whakatatareoterangi a bright red scarf, a
musket, a keg of powder, and a flat lump of lead, and
told him to make trial of his skill by firing off his
musket. The gun was then loaded and the chief
held it close to his check and fired it oft, but he was
so alarmed at the re port that he dashed it down upon
the stones and it was broken, then he threw it into
the water. Afterwards they broke open the keg of
powder, and came to the conclusion that it was turnip
seed. So they cleared away the bushes and prepared
a plot of ground and planted the supposed turnip
seed. Then the people rejoiced and said ;—" Our
women and children will be satisfied (fed), for the
seed of food is in the ground." Others said ;—" Yes,
true. No wonder if we rejoice. It is so very jolly."
And when it afterwards rained, they said, " This will
bring up our seed."

Out of the lead they formed an adze, which they
sharpened carefully, and put a nicely-made handle
to it. And the fame of this adze, possessed by the
Whakatatareoterangi, spread far and wide among
the tribes. At length they assembled in numbers to
examine it, and witness the trial of its capabilities.
On the first blow being struck upon the wood, lo
and behold ! it bent and doubled up ! Then all the
people as with one voice, exclaimed, "O! it has not
been subjected to the influence of fire ! If it were
heated in the fire it would become hard." Then
said they, " Eight! Bring some wood for a fire.
Let it bo green wood, that the fire may burn long
and the adze be well hardened." So they lighted a
fire, and cast the adze upon it; but, wonder of won-
ders! it melted ! Then arose a shout, " Drag it
from the fire ! We must consider some plan to per-
fect this adze." Quite a number rushed to the fire
and attempted to pick it out with sticks, but it
separated into many parts, scattered about, and was
abandoned. And so ignorance came to its natural
result.

204

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

Na, e hoa ma, i timata tena he o tatou i runga i te
taha Pakeha. Ka tatai haere tonu mai nga tikanga
Pakeha i. tena takiwa a tae noa mai nei ki te takiwa
o te Whakapono; a ora ana tatou i tena ture o
Ingarani. Ko te ture tuatahi hoki tena a te Kuini i
tuku mai ai ki tenei motu, hei whakaora i a tatou, hei
pehi hoki i o tatou hara, mauahara, ara tukino a
tetahi iwi ki tetahi iwi. Na taua Ture i mohiotia ai
te tutukitanga o nga whakapapa tupuna, a mohiotia
ana kua whanaunga tatou ki a tatou—na taua Ture,
a te Whakapono. I muri iho ka kuare ano tatou ;

ka pera ano me era kuare e korerotia i runga ake
nei. Ko te Whakapono, ko te tino mea, kua whiua
kua takahia e tatou, aru ke ana tatou he tikanga ke;

na reira te nuinga haeretanga o nga raru ki te iwi
katoa. Ko tera iwi Pakeha o era wahi i haerea nei e
au, kotahi tonu te tikanga, kotahi te whakaaro. I
kotahi te nohoanga, kotahi te mahi. Ahakoa Inga-
rihi, Wiwi ranei, Hainamana ranei, Kotarani ranei,
me era atu iwi, e noho tahi mai ana i era wahi i
haerea nei e au; a kaore au i kite i tetahi raruraru o
aua iwi whakauruuru e noho mai nei. Heoi te mea
i kite au, he takaahuareka anake, me te whakarongo
ano ki nga ture e mahia ana i roto o nga Paremete o
reira, penei me te Paremete o. Niu Tirani e hanga nei
i nga ture mo tatou, hei mea kia tika ai tatou, a e
peke ana ano tatou ki runga ki aua ture whakahe ai,
takahi ai. He tika ano te whakahe. Ko te mea i
he i a tatou tahi te titiro iho, me whakahe. Ko te
ture e tika ana, me whakatika. E kore hoki e tino
mana to whakahe rawa i te ture. Ki te mea ka tino
whakahe rawa koe ki te ture ka tino whakahetia
rawatia koe e te ture. Ki te mohio iho i a koe
tau rarangi i pai ai o tenei reta, mau e tapuhi hei
taonga mau.

I te Wenerei, te 15 o Hurae, ka eke mai maua ko
te Makarini ki runga ki te tima i Hanareti, ko te
" Otakou" te ingoa, mo te rere mai ki Niu Tirani
nei. Ko te Rangatira te tima kua rere mai i mua,
kua hakahaka ki te titiro mai. Katahi ano to matou
ka rere mai i muri; a, ki hai i roa e haere ana ka
mahue a te Rangatira, katahi ka mohiotia te porori o
tera tima. Ko te tima hoki tera i eke atu ai matou i
Akarana ki Poihakena. Katahi ka rere mai i te po ;

ao ake te ra ka kitea tetahi wahi o te motu o Tahi-
meenia. Ka timata te pa o te hau, po noa, ao noa te
ra, me te pa tonu te hau ra. I te toru o nga po ka
tino nui te hau, ka taka katoa nga mea ki tetahi taha
o te kaipuke. Ka puta tetahi ngaru nui, murua iho
ai i nga maahi, tukua ai ki roto o te kapene, ki tonu
te kapene i te wai, tere haere ana nga mea katoa a
nga Pakeha—nga pouaka, nga puutu, me nga kakahu
katoa. Eke ana te wai ki runga ki nga moenga. Ka
hinga katoa nga hoiho i te nui o taua marangai.
Heoi, na te mohio tonu o Kapene Hone Makarini i
marama ai nga Pakeha, a ora noa ake te ngakau. E
wha nga tino ra i rere mai ai to matou tima, me te
hawhe, ka tu ki tetahi awa pai i te taha Hauauru o
tera Motu o Niu Tirani i te taha Tonga, i raro mai o
te Parawhe. Ka haere rapea ki roto o nga maunga,
kei te rua maero te mataratanga i te moana nui, tu
ana i roto i nga rakau. Kaore i o te hau ki roto.
Ao ake, ka ahu atu ano ki te taha tonga, po rawa ake
ka tae ki waho o te Parawhe. I te ata ka tapoko atu
ki roto, rere tonu atu matou i runga i te rerewe kia
kite i te taone tuawhenua o reira. Ka mutu te ma-
takitaki katahi ka hoki mai ki te tima, rere tonu mai
i te ahiahi i te 4 karaka. I te ata ka tae mai matou
ki Otakou; ka eke atu ki runga ki te rerewe, ka
haere ki te tino taone 1 uta. Ka tomo matou i raro
o nga maunga haere ai i te wahi pouri, ka puta
atu ki te wahi marama haere ai, a ka tae ki te

That, my friends, was the outset of our ignorance-
in Pakeha matters. From that time, European usages
and customs gradually advanced in regular order down
to the introduction of Christianity; and we were saved
by that law (Christianity), which came from England.
The first laws sent to us by the Queen were the
ordinances of religion, to save us and to subdue our
evil passions and revengeful natures, and the op-
pression and spoliation of one tribe by another. By
the influence of religion we were taught to love our-
relations, and to know that we are all related. But
we afterwards relapsed into our old state of igno-
rance, like the ignorance of our forefathers, related
above. Religion, the thing of real value, we have

cast aside and trampled on, and followed other
strange devices; therefore, trouble has gone on in-
creasing among the people generally. The Europeans
of the lands which I have visited have but one rule
of conduct and one tendency of thought. They live
together in one country, and are united in following
industrious pursuits. Whether they be English,
French, Chinamen, Scotch, or of any other nation-
ality, it matters not, they live as one people ; and,
although they are so mixed together, I did not
observe any disagreement or trouble among them.
On the contrary, they live together in harmony and
in obedience to the laws passed by the Parliament of
that country, in the same manner as our Parliament
here in New Zealand make laws for our guidance
and welfare, which laws we condemn and trample
underfoot. Sometimes such condemnation is fair and
reasonable. We may properly object to a law which
all are unanimous in condemning. But laws which
are just and proper must be acknowledged as such,
and may not be condemned. As a rule, your con-
demnation of the law will have no effect; and, if you
condemn the law, by the law you will be condemned.
If any part of this letter be applicable to any of you,
then give heed to it.

On Wednesday, the 15th of July, Mr. McLean
and I embarked at Sandridge on board the steamer
" Otago," bound for New Zealand. The steamer-
"Rangatira" had preceded us, and was nearly hull
down when we started. But we were not long in
overhauling her, showing that she was deficient in
speed. It was by her we went from Auckland to
Sydney. Our steam er continued on her course all
night, and next day we got a view of some part of
Tasmania. Heavy weather now commenced, and on
the third day it blew with great violence, and every-
thing on board fell over to the (lee) side of the
vessel. A heavy sea washed over the masts and
down the companion-way, filling the cabin with water
and setting everything afloat—passengers' boxes,
boots, and clothing. The berths in the cabin were
flooded with water. The horses were thrown down,
unable to stand from the violence of the gale. But
the skill exhibited by Captain John McLean, gave the
passengers confidence and courage. After four days
and a half had passed away, we entered a fine harbour
on the West Coast of the South Island of New
Zealand, north of the Bluff (one of the West Coast
sounds). We penetrated right in among the moun-
tains for a distance of about two miles from the sea,

and then brought up among the trees. We were
perfectly sheltered from the wind. The next day we
directed our course south again, and by night we
were off the Bluff. In the morning the steamer
entered the harbour, and we proceeded by the railway
to see the town inland (Invercargill). After we had
satisfied our curiosity we returned to the steamer,.
and at 4 o'clock p.m., we were off again. Next
morning we arrived at Otago harbour, and went by
railway to the principal town inland (Dunedin). We
passed under the hills in the dark for a time, and then
again emerged into the light, and so we reached the

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

205.

taone. Nui. atu; te pai o taua taone; engari ko te
huka o tena whenua, nui atu. Ka nui te kaha o nga
tangata o tera whenua ki te mahi. I moe matou
ki reira; ao ake te ra i to ahiahi ka hoki mai matou
ki te tima, rere tonu mai matou i taua ahiahi ano,
ao ake te ra ka tu ki Poti Kupa. I konei hoki ka
eke matou ki te rerewe ka ahu ki te taone ki Kata-
pere. I tomo matou ma raro i to whenua, e rua
maero te haerenga ka puta ki waho. He taone nui
a Katapere. Ka tupono au i reira ki oku whanaunga
e mahi ana, i nga mahi whakairo a nga tangata  matua
o mua o tenei motu. He whare ia. he mea whakahau
na te Kawanatanga kia mahia, kia kitea nga mahi
mohiotanga a nga tupuna o tenei whenua o Niu
Tirani. E rua nga pou popoto kua tukua e to Ka-
wanatanga ki Ingarani ki a to Kuini hei koha ki a ia

mo taua mahi. Tokorua tonu nga tangata e mahi
ana, otira, tokorua mohio anake ki tera mahi. Ko
Hone Taahu raua ko Tamati Ngakaho o Ngatiporou.
Heoi, ka mahue a Katapere ka hoki mai matou ma
te rerewe. ki te tima, a tao rawa mai ki Werengitana

i te 26 o Hurae kua  taha nei.

Heoi. kua roa aku korero  whakaatu   tu ki nga! hoa i
aku haerenga, onra kia maha rapea  he reta te taea ai
te whakaatu i nga mea katoa i kitea e au i nga whe-

nua i haerea nei e au.

Na MEIHA ROPATA.

O Ngatiporou.

NGA TANGATA O TE IWI MAORI.

TERA tetahi pukapuka i roto i nga pukapuka i
whakatakotoria e te Makarini i to aroaro o te
Paremete, ho pukapuka whakakite i te nui o nga
Maori o to motu nei. ho mea tuhituhi no nga
apiha a to Kawanatanga i nga takiwa Maori. Na,
kitea ana i taua, pukapuka ko nga tangata katoa atu
o te iwi Maori ka 46,016 ; ara -43,408 o era kei tenei
motu i te taha ki raro nei, e 2,608 kei tera motu i Io
taha Tonga. Ko nga tane, i nga motu o rua ano. o
hira ake aua i nga wahine. Ko te pahikatanga ako
o nga tane i tenei motu ka 3,870, kei tera motu
ka 226. Ko te huinga tenei i huihui ai o ia wahi,
o ia wahi, ara;—Mangonui : nga tane, 1,129;

nga wahine, 942. Hokianga: nga tane. 1,518 ; nga
wahine. 1,248. Pei-o-Whairangi: nga tane, 1,548 ;

nga wahine 1,291. Wangarei: nga tane, 2.33 ; nga,
wahine, 192 ; , hawhe-kaihe tane, -1.1. wahine 2.1
Eaipara: nga, tane, 789;. nga wahine. 52-1. Akaraiia:

ngea l;ine, 11-1; nga wahine, 81. Waiuku: nga lauo
113 ; nga mahine. 103. Wairoa : nga lauc, -11; nga
wahine, 37. Waikato ki waho : nga tauc,211; nga
wahine, 172. Waikato ki runga: nga lane, 2,107;

nga .wahine, 1,987. Eakarana me Kawhia : nga
tane, 1,050; nga wahine, 1,113. Hauraki: nga tane,
947; nga wahine, 717. Tauranga: nga tane, 662;

nga-wahine, 583. Maketu: nga tane, 1,546; nga
wahine, 1,339. Opotiki : nga tane, 1,042 ; nga
wahine, • 906. tr-riwera: nga tane, 348 ; nga wahine,
386. Waiapu: nga tane, 1,345 ; nga wahine, 1,108.
Tuhanga: nga tane, 788 ; nga wahine, 602. No te
Porowini o' Akarana ena.

Koia enei nga mea o te Porowini o Haake Pei,
ara ;—Wairoa: nga tane, 1,8S9 ; nga wahine, 1,592.
Kei te taha Tonga o te awa o Taugoio : nga tane,
970 ; nga wahine, 900. Taupo : nga tane, 442 ; nga
wahine, 408. Wairprapa : nga tane, 417 ; nga
wahirie;'; i325n.;^e^-te>-Porowim o Tarau aki: nga
tanei'me .nga;'wAhis:e^ 1,250; ara 889 wahine; 622
-taiMariki'^ hw -katoa .'ka. 2,761. Whanganui: nga
' ^tane,'556 ,''-nga< wahine,'454. Whanganui ki runga:

Eia toe, •ly-l Ia y nga. wahine, 888. Bangitikei: nga
tane, 362 ; nga .^ahine, 272. Otaki me Ponrua:

nga tane, 360 ; nga wahine, 293. Werengitana: nga

town. It is a very fine town, but the cold is severe,
and frust and snow plentiful. The inhabitants of
that place must bo verv liardy to be able to get
through tlicir work. We slept 'there that night, and
t!ie next evening rctunicd to t!ic stcamer, which pro-
ceedcd to sea t!ie ?aine nii;ht. and the next morning
arrivcd at Porl Cooprr, licre pgnin we went by the
railway through a tunnc], two lr.i!es in length, to
Christchurcb, ^hicli is a l;u'^e to\\\\n. Herc 1 fell in
with mon;o of my re!;i •lion;--. viho rero ciiG;a^ed ex-
ecuting .'-•orne c;m ina. nftcr Hie ;-tyle of our nncestors,
upon a Mnori house tine!i is bc'inu; crec-ted there by
order of t!ic Govcrmncnl, to show iho fc-tvle of the
old Mnori works of art iu New Xcalaud. Two short
posts ot' tlic house liavc been scut lo Englancl to the
Queen, by t!ie Governinc'iil-. as a painplc of Maori
work. Thcrc are only two cn^ap;cd upon t!ie work,
but they are both skiHful linnds of Ng:atiporou.
Tlirir u;nnc't; an' Hone T;u'ilni. and Tamati X^akaho.
Le;u ina Cliri!-.tehureh we roturucd by the railwny to
llio ^tcaiiK.'r. and a.-'nved ill Wellington on the 2Gth
of .Tuiv Iari.

^

1 liave ui\\oi^ your rcaders a somewhat lengthy
;u'couut oF in} t;-;ivcls. but it would rcquirc niaiiy
L';tcrs to lcll l!i(.-in about cvorvthiiiu- I ?;iw in t!ic

w 0

pl;n.'c's wlu'L'li I \\ ia.•led.

From MAJOR l?op-vT.V,

of Ngatiporou.

THE MAOEI POPULATION.

A^IONG llic pn))ers laid belbrc Parliaincut by t!ie
Ministcr tor N;nivc AtYiiirs w;is au approximate
mi;?lls of tiu- ^I;iori popul;xlion, compiled by t!ie
ollieors wlio rcpri'!-;ent t!ie Govcrtimcut iu the Native
diytri«.-ts. Froiii it- ao nud tliat tlic numbcr of the
Native r;ice is c'slimated at 40:016, of whniu thcrc are
•13.-JOS 111 the Nortli Islaud. and ouly 2,008 in the
;SouTh Island. Iu both islands tlio males exceed tho
females; in iiumbcr. the excess of t!ie formcr in the
North Island bciiis 3,S70, ;iud in the latter 226.
T!ie lo!;lls in t!ic difi'crcut diytricls were:—Mango-
nui: Males, 1.129 : females, O-IS. Hokianga: Male's,
1.5-18 ; females, 1.2-iS. Bay of Islands : Males, 1,548 ;

fcii-inlcs. 1.201. Wau paroi: ]\\[;ilcs, 253; females,
192; half-castes, -11 m;iles, 25 females. Kaipara :

Mdc-s, 7S9 ; frmalcs. 524. Auckland: Males, 114 ;

females, Sl. Waiuku : Maiea. 113 ; females, 103.
\\\\'ciiroa : ,iMalcs, -11; females. 37. Lowcr Waikato :

:M;ik's, 211; 1'dnulcs. 172. Upper Waikato : Males,
2.-.107 : tcinaley, 1,S)S7. Easl;ui and Ka\\\\lna: Males,
l'.U:)0; t't'iiialos, 1.113. ^llauraki: Males, 947;

females, 717. Tauran^i: J\\lales, 062 ; females, 583.
Maketu: Males, 1,516; females, 1.339. Opotiki:

Males, 1,042 ; females, 906. Uriwera : Males, 348 ;

females, 336. Waiapu: Males, 1,345; females,
1,108. Turanga: Males: 788 ; females, 602. These
are the numbers tor the Auckland Province.

For the Province of Hawke's Bay there are :—
Wairoa: Males, 1,889 ; females, 1,592. South of the
Tangoio Eiver: Males, 970; females, 900. Taupo:

Males, 442 ; females, 408. Wairarapa: Males, 417;

females, 325. In the Province of Taranaki: Males
and females, 1,250; 889 females; childreu, 622:

total, 2,761. Wanganui: Males, 556 ; females, 454.
TTpper Wanganui Kiver: Males, 1,117 ; females, 888.
Eangitikei: Males, 362 ; females. 272. Otaki and
Porirua : Males, 360 ; females, 293. Wellington :

Males, 90; females, 71. Canterbury: Males, 300;

females, 258 ; including 63 and 61 male and female

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

tane, 90; nga wahine, 71. Katapere: nga tape
300; nga wahine, 258 ; hui ki nga hawhe-kaihe,
63 tane, 61 wahine. Te taha atu ki te Tonga rawa:

nga tane, 995; nga wahine, 816.

HE PUIA KEI RARO I TE MOANA.

Ko te Panui o te Teme, nupepa, e ki ana ;—" Tena
te korero ahuareka na Kapene Mekenehi o te " Kene-
wate," kaipuke kune nei, e whakaatu mai ana i tetahi
mea miharo nui kua kitea i te moana e nga tangata
katoa i runga i taua kune i te 30 o nga ra o Aperira,
i waenga o nga motu e rua, a Tonga a Haapui, he
motu kei te taha whakama o Niu Tirani. I te ata
rawa ka kitea te wai e kokiri ake ana i te moana, a i
kapi katoa taua wahi i te mamaoa. No te tatanga
atu o taua kune ka tata ki taua mea, katahi ka ata
kitea he mea nui rawa he matotoru rawa te tinana
o te wai e kokiri ake ana, ka taea te kotahi rau putu
te teitei katahi ka tuwhera ka heke iho ano ki te
moana a waho, me te kaha tonu te kokiri ake a roto
—pai ana tera. Na te nui o te mamaoa ka mohiotia
he wai werawera ia. Na reira hoki i kore ai e tata
rawa atu te kune nei ki te taha rawa. I pena tonu
te ahua o taua mea a toremi noa atu te kaipuke ra.
Kua kitea e nga tangata haere moana, ko nga motu
iti i taua wahi o te moana kaore e tumau ana tona
ahua, he mea ano kua heke iho tetahi wahi, he mea
ano kua haere ake ki runga. He puia hoki pea, he ahi
whanariki, kei raro e panapana ake ana. Ko taua
mea miharo nui i kitea e Kapene Mekenehi, he pera
ano he puia. E hara i te mea e kitea auautia ana
te puia e mahi ake ana i raro i te wai—he mea
kitenga kotahi ia o mua iho."

I muri mai o tera panuitanga a matou kua rima
nga kaipuke uta tangata mai kua tae mai ki te
koroni nei, hui katoa nga tangata mai o runga ka
2,090.

E ki ana ko nga witi kua tiria e nga Maori o te
Kopua inaianei, e rahi ake ana i te 100 eka.

E korerotia ana kua tae rawa ki te 120 nga Ru-
nanga Tuturu o te hunga Kuru Temepara kei Niu
Tirani i tenei takiwa.

Tera tetahi kaipuke patu weera, ko te Wiremu
Kiwhata te ingoa, i u mai ki Pei-o-Whairangi i mua
tata atu nei. Ko nga hinu i runga i taua puke, he
mahinga no roto i te tau kotahi tonu, e rite ana ki
te £16,000 pauna moni.

He oranga ngakau te rongo korero mai o Inia.
Kua uaina te whenua e te ua, kua pai, kua tupu te
kai. E maharatia ana tenei, mea ake mutu te hemo
kai ki reira.

Ko te Pairata o Po Neke e ki ana kua kitea nga
toka e rua kai raro i te wai i te taha ki waho o nga
toka e kokiri atu ana ki waho i te taha Hauauru o
te wahapu o Po Neke. Ko tetahi o aua toka kotahi
rau putu te mataratanga atu ki te taha rawhiti o te
toka kotahi e tu ana ki waho rawa, ko tetahi e pera
ana ano te mataratanga ki te taha hauauru o taua toka
kotahi—kai te hangai tika tonu aua toka e toru ki te
taha rawhiti ki te taha hauauru. Kei te tai timo rawa
ka te 12 putu te hohonu o te wai ki runga ki aua toka
e rua ra. Ko te wai i tetahi taha i tetahi taha he
hohonu katoa.

E ki ana nga nupepa mai o Merepana ko nga
Pakeha o reira e whakarite tikanga ana e whakaturia
ai etahi atu raite (ara, whare turama) ki Kingi
Aerani, te motu kua nui rawa nei nga mate o te
kaipuke. Ko te mea o muri rawa nei ko te paka-
rutanga o te Piritihi Atimira, i panuitia i te Waka
Maori o te 30 o Hune kua taha nei.

half-castes. South and Stewart's Island: Males,.
995 ; females, 816.

SUBMARINE VOLCANO.

THE Thames Advertiser says:—(< Captain M'Kenzie,.
of the schooner "Kenilworth," gives us an interesting
account of an extraordinary phenomenon witnessed
by all on board that schooner on the 30th April,
while the vessel was midway between the islands of
Tonga and Haabui, two of the Friendly Group.
Early in the morning a fountain of water was seen
rising from the sea, accompanied by clouds of steam.
As the schooner approached nearer to it its volume
was found to be very large. The stream of water
was projected into the air to a height of over a
hundred feet, and fell over in graceful curves. From
the quantity of steam which was evoked it seemed
nearly certain that the projected water was boil-
ing. In consequence of this Captain M'Kenzie was
deterred from approaching close to the singular phe-
nomenon. In continued with very little variation at
the same height all the time it was in sight. Mariners
have noticed that the small islands in this neighbour-
hood are continually altering in elevation. They are,
no doubt, subjected to strong volcanic agency, and
the strange spectacle observed by Captain M'Kenzie
was probably one of the few instances on record of"
the visible working of a submarine volcano."

Since our last notice, five ships have arrived in
various parts of the colony with a total of 2,090
immigrants.

The Kopua Natives, it is said, have upwards of
100 acres of wheat sown.

It is stated that there are at the present time no
fewer than 120 Good Templar Lodges in New Zea-
land.

The whaler " William Gifford " lately arrived in:

the Bay of Islands, with oil to the value of £16,000,,
the produce of a year's cruise.

The latest news from India is re-assuring. Favor-
able rains have fallen, the crop prospects were good,.
and all danger of wide-spread famine was at an end

The Pilot at Wellington reports the existence of
two sunken rocks off Barrett's reef, one lying about
one hundred feet to the eastward, and the other
about the same distance to the westward of the
Outer Rock, the three lying nearly in a line East
and West. There is twelve feet of water on these
rocks at low water, with deep water all round.

We perceive by the Melbourne papers that steps
are about to be taken for getting additional lights on:

King's Island, which has been the scene of so many
disasters, the last being that of the "British Admiral,"
an account of the wreck of which was given in the-
Waka, Maori of the 30th of June last.

Printed under the authority of the New Zealand Government, by GEORGE DIDSBURY, Government Printer, Wellington.