TE WAKA MA O EI

O NIU TIRANI.

"KO TE TIKA, KO TE PONO, KO TE AROHA."

VOL. 10.]

PO NEKE, TUREI, HURAE 28, 1874.

[No. 15.

HE KUPU WHAKAATU KI NGA HOA TUHI MAI.

He moni kua tae mai :—

Na Rihari Wunu, Kai-whakawa, o Whanganui i tuku

mai mo. £ s. d.
1873-74   James Moore, Esq. ... ... ... O IO O

„ Porokoru Patapu (2 tau) ... ... 1 O O

„ Matiu Tutarangi ... ... ... O 10 O

1873—Ratana te trrumingi ... ... ... O 10 O

1874.  Poari Kuramate... ... ... ... O 10 O

„ Huirama Tukariri, o Kenana, Ma-

ngonui, Akarana (No. 15) ... ... O 10 O

£3 10 O

Ko te reta a Wiremu Hunia te Kapotai, o Waikare, Pei-o-
Whairangi, kua hoatu e matou ki a te Karaka.

Tenei kua tae mai te reta a A. K. Patene, Hekeretare o te
" Rakarana me Waikato Maori Kamupene," he whakaatu mai
mea ake kawea ai taua Kamupene ki raro i te " Ture Kamu-
pene Rawa-huihui, I860." Ka whakarite ano matou i te
whakaaro a te Komiti; ara, e kore e panuitia e matou a ratou
tikanga e whakaatu mai ai ratou ki a matou, kia riro ra ano te
Kamupene ki raro i nga tikanga o te Ture kua whakahuatia ake
ra. He tika kia hohoro ratou te pera.

Kua tae mai te reta a Paora Pene, o Werengitana. Kaore
he tikanga o aua korero.

Ko Tamati Reina, o Matatera, tata ki Whanganui, e wha-
kaaro ana mea ake pa ai he mato nui ki Ngatiapa i runga i ta
ratou mahi tohe ki te kai waipiro.

Kua rongo matou e korerotia ana ka nui te ahuareka o a
matou hoa Maori ki nga kupu mai o rawahi e kitea aua e
ratou i roto i te Waka—o hiahia ana kia rongo ratou ki nga
mahi a nga iwi o rawahi. Na, i runga i te tono a etahi o ratou,
ka taia atu i tenei Waka etahi kupu o te Meera i tae mai i
 rawahi inaianei. Me pa ratou ki o ratou hoa Pakeha hei
kai-whakaatu i te takotoranga, i roto i te Mapi o te Ao, o nga
kainga e korerotia nei.

Ko te ingoa o te Kiritahanga, o Ranana, me Poari Hauauru,
o Kaiwaiki, Whanganui, kua haehaetia atu e matou i te
rarangi ingoa tangata tango nupepa.

Ko nga nupepa ma Henare Potae e tukuna tonutia ana e
matou i nga Meera. Kaore matou e mohio ana ki te tikanga i
kore ai e tae atu ki a ia. Ko te pauna moni i ki mai ai ia kua
homai e ia ki te Pakeha ki Nepia kia tukua mai e ia ki a
matou, kaore tonu ano kia tae mai.

TE UTU MO TE WAKA.

Ko te utu mo te Waka Maori i te tau ka ie 10s., he mea utu
ki mua. Ka tukuna atu i te meera ki te tangata e hiahia ana
me ka tukua mai e ia aua moni ki te Kai Tuhi ki Po Neke nei.

ANSWERS AND NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.

Subscriptions received:—

From R. Woon, Esq., R.M., Whanganui, for— £ s. d.
1873-74  James Moore, Esq. ... ... ... O" IO O

„ Porokoru Patapu (2 years)... ... 1 O O

„ Matiu Tutarangi ... ... ... O 10 O

1873.—Ratana te trrumingi ... ... ... O 10 O

1874—Poari Kuramate... ... ... ... O 10 O

„ Huirama Tukariri, of Kenana, Ma-

ngonui, Auckland (No. 15) ... ... O 10 O

£3 10 O

We have forwarded the letter of Wiremu Hunia te Kapotai,
of Waikare, Bay of Islands, to Mr. Clarke.

We have received the letter of A. K. Patene, Secretary of the
" Raglan and Waikato Maori Company," informing us that the
Company is about to be registered under " The Joint Stock
Companies Act, I860." As requested by the Committee, we
shall not publish any communications with which they may
favour us until the Company has been brought under the
operation of the above Act—a step which we advise them to
take without delay.

We have received the letter from Paora Pene, of Wellington.
The subject is of no importance.

Tamati Reina, of Matatera, near Whanganui, fears something
dreadful will happen to the Ngatiapa people in consequence of
their inveterate habits of drinking.

We are informed that our Maori readers manifest great
interest in scraps of foreign news which they read in the Waka—
they like to know what is going on amongst the nations ! At
the request of many of them, we give a few English Mail items
in this issue. Wo recommend them to apply to their Pakeha
friends to point out on a map of the world the position of the
places mentioned.

The names of Kiritahanga, of Ranana, and Poari Hauauru,
of Kaiwaiki, Whanganui, have been struck off our list.

Henare Potae's papers have been regularly posted. We
cannot say why he has not received them. The £1 which he
says he entrusted to the care of a certain gentleman at Napier,
to be by him forwarded to us, has not been received.

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.

 The Subscription io the Waka Maori is 10s., payable
in advance, per year. Persons desirous of becoming subscribers
can have the paper posted to their address by forwardlng that
amount to the Editor in Wellington.

182

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

Te Waka Maori.

PO NEKE, TUREI, HURAE 28, 1874.
TE PAREMETE.

I TERA nupepa i whakaputa kupu matou mo te mahi
whakaaro kore a etahi tangata ki te tahutahu i te
koraha i etahi wahi o te motu, a pau nui ana te taonga
nui nei a te ngahere i taua tikanga. Ko tenei ka
panuitia atu e matou etahi o nga kupu a te Pokera i
roto i te Paremete, i korerotia e ia i te 14 o Hurae
nei, mo nga waoku, ngaherehere nei, o te motu kia
rongoatia; ara i tona tononga kia tuaruatia te panui-
tanga o te Pire Ngaherehere o Niu Tirani, ara ;—

Tera ano e mahara nga mema, i te mutunga o tera
huinga o te Paremete, i mea te Komiti mo nga Mahi
Ahu-whenua o te Motu kia tonoa e te Kawanatanga
kia whakaaturia mai e nga Kawanatanga Porowini
"katoa nga tikanga me nga matauranga katoa e tau
ana ki runga ki nga waoku o te motu. Na, i
runga i taua kupu, ka tukua e te Hekeretare o te
Koroni he pukapuka ki nga Huperitene katoa.
He nui te pai, te marama, o nga whakaaturanga
mai i whakahokia mai e etahi o ratou, a kua taia hoki
aua whakaaturanga i roto i te pukapuka kua whaka-
takotoria i te tepa, i te aroaro o te Paremete. Ko
te tikanga o taua Pire (taua Ture) he mea nui atu 

to te tono kau ki nga matauranga o runga o taua mea;

no te mea he kupu tono kei roto kia whakaritea
rawatia etahi ngahere kia tiakina, kia rongoatia, hei
taonga nui mo te Motu. He tikanga hou taua tikanga
ki tenei motu; he tikanga ia kaore ano kia ata wha-
kaarotia e ia i mua ai, katahi ano. I tona haerenga
ki te toro i nga taha Tonga o te Koroni, i te takiwa
kua taha atu nei, katahi ia ka ata whakaaro ki taua
tikanga, ka ata matau hoki ki te nui o te rakau e
hiahiatia ana kia tangohia mo nga mahi rerewe me
nga mahi o te waea; katahi hoki ia ka ata whakaaro
ki te tukinotanga o nga whenua ngahere i te waipuke,
me te kino haere o te tu o te rangi a mua ake
nei (ara he raki) me ka whakapaua rawatia te ngahere-
here. Ko taua tikanga he mea tika kia ata whaka-
arotia katoatia; e hara i te mea he tikanga ia e pa ana
ki tenei whakatupuranga anake, engari hei tikanga
nui ano ia mo era atu whakatupuranga i roto i nga
tau e takoto ake nei. Kaore he tikanga nui atu i
taua tikanga i roto i te Koroni katoa. I whakaaro
ia i te tuatahi me wehe ke he tikanga whakato nga-
herehere hou, me wehe ke i te tikanga tiaki i te nga-
here tawhito; otira, i runga i tana i kimi ai, i ako ai,
kua mohio ia ki te he o te wehe ke i aua tikanga—a
kua kite ia he tohungatanga kotahi tonu te ata wha-
kahaere i te ngahere tawhito me te whakato i etahi
mea hou, kotahi ano te tikanga.

Kei te pukapuka kua oti nei te whakatakoto i to
ratou aroaro nga matauranga katoa kua taea e ia te
kohikohi, e hara i te mea mo nga whenua ngahere o
etahi atu motu anake, engari mo nga ngahere o Niu
Tirani ano hoki, me nga tikanga kua meatia ki runga
ki aua ngaherehere. Kua taia ki tetahi wahi o taua
pukapuka nga whai korero o mua i roto i te Paremete o
Niu Tirani mo taua tikanga; kei tetahi wahi nga korero
i tukua mai ki te Paremete no nga Porowini, no nga
Koroni o Aatareeria hoki, mo runga i taua tikanga,
a kua whakaaro ia he tika kia huia katoatia ki te
pukapuka kotahi aua korero. Tera hoki tetahi, ara
ko te korero a Kapene Waka, o Matarahi. Ko taua
korero kua rangona nuitia e te ao katoa. No inaianei
tonu i tukua mai i Inia te kapi mana o taua korero.
Ko tetahi pukapuka mo taua tikanga, kua oti ano e
ia te whakatakoto ki te tepa, he mea tuku ki te
Kawanatanga o Amerika e tetahi hunga ki reira i
huaina ko te Hunga Whakaputa i nga Matauranga.
Ko taua pukapuka no enei rangi e rua nei i tae mai
ai ki a ia, no reira hoki te taea te ta ki te perehi ka
• homai ai ki roto ki te Paremete.

THE WAKA MAORI.  

WELLINGTON, TUESDAY, JULY 28, 1874.
THE PARLIAMENT.

IN our last we made some remarks upon the reckless
lighting of bush fires in various parts of the country,
and the consequent destruction of extensive and
valuable forests. We now give the following abstract
of Mr. Vogel's speech in the House, on the conser-
vation of forests, when moving the second reading of
the New Zealand Forests Bill, on the 14th of July
instant:—

Honorable members would recollect that at the
end of last session, the Colonial Industries Committee
brought up a resolution recommending Government
to obtain from the different Provincial Governments
all the information that could be obtained upon
the subject of forest lands. In obedience to that
recommendation a circular was written by the
Colonial Secretary to the Superintendents. Some of
them, in reply, had furnished interesting information,
which would be found in the printed paper which had
just been laid on the table. The Bill was a step in
advance of merely obtaining information ; for it em-
bodied a definite proposal for the establishment and
management of State forests. The subject was a
new one, and one to which personally he had not
given much attention until very lately. During the
visit which he paid to the southern parts of the

colony, during the recess, his attention was first
called the subject, when he was forcibly struck by
the large demand which had arisen for timber for
railway and telegraph purposes, and also how very
great were the injuries caused by floods, and how
much deterioration the climate was liable to sustain
from the destruction of forests. He felt that the
whole subject was one which demanded urgent atten-
tion ; it was one which not only affected this im-
mediate generation, but would make itself felt in
years to come. It was a question of the most
importance, if not the question of questions for the
colony. In the first instance, it seemed to him that,
it would be desirable to keep distinct the question of
planting new forests from the conservation of old
forests; but the more he had looked into the matter,
the more he had felt the fallacy of any such separa-
tion—the more he had recognized that forestry com-
prehended just as much of making the best use of
existing forests as of creating new ones.

The paper laid on the table contained all the
information on the subject of State forests that could
be found available, not only in reference to the
forests of other countries, but also as to those of
New Zealand, and what had been done respecting
them. One part of the paper contained reports of
debates on the subject, that had taken place in the
New Zealand Assembly; another part contained re-
ports from the provinces, and from the Australian
Colonies, which had been presented to the House at
former times, which he considered it desirable to
collect under one volume. And again, there was the
report of Captain Walker, of Madras. This report,
a copy of which had been sent to him from India,
had attained a world-wide celebrity. Another paper
he had laid on the table was recently presented to
the United States Congress by the Association for
the Advancement of Science, which he had only
received within the last two or three days, and there-
fore had not been able to have it printed.

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

183

 Ahakoa no inaianei rawa tona tahuritanga ki taua
tikanga whakaaroaro ai, e kore e tika kia kiia I
kaore i whakaarotia i roto i te Paremete o Niu Tirani.
Kua nui te kimi o te whakaaro o nga mema o te
Runanga ki runga ki taua mea; nga mema o inaianei
ano me nga mema o mua hoki. Kua maha nga
meatanga o te Paremete kia whai-turetia taua tikanga
kia takoto marama ai he tikanga; a kua ahua peratia
ano e ratou i runga i etahi Ture kua whakaturia e
ratou, i runga hoki i ta ratou whakaaetanga moni ki
nga tangata whakato rakau. E kore ia e tino ki kaore
rawa he painga o taua tikanga, te hoatu moni; engari,
ki tana whakaaro, he mea noa ia, e hara i te mea tika
rawa ; no te mea ka whakaritea he ngahere hei taonga
mo te Motu, ma te Motu ano e ata tiaki—ara ma te
Kawanatanga. Ki te mea e riro ana ma te Motu e
utu te whakatokanga ngaherehere, e tika ana kia riro
aua ngaherehere hei taonga mo te Motu katoa. Otira
e kore tona tikanga e mea nei ia e pa atu ki nga
Ture kua oti ake te hanga i mua ai whakakore ai.
Ko nga tikanga o te Ture mo runga i te mahi whakato
a te tangata noa ake, ka waiho noa iho kia mau ana.

Ka nui tona pai ki te whakaaro nui o te perehi o
Niu Tirani (ara, nga nupepa) ki taua mea, e tohe nei
ki runga ki taua tikanga. Me tono ia ki nga mema
kia ata whakaaro ratou ki tenei tikanga nui, ara te
tiakanga o nga ngaherehere, me nga he e tupu mai
ana i runga i te mahi whakapau kau i aua ngahere-
here ; ara he raki i te whenua, he whakangaro i te ua.
He tini noa nga whakaaturanga mai o nga wahi

katoa o te ao e kitea Te ko nga mate e tupu ana i
runga i te mahi whakapau ngaherehere he whaka-
kino rangi, he whakaputa waipuke, he whakangaro i
nga ara wai tawhito, he tahi he kahaki i te oneone.
Kua mohiotia hoki he maha nga whenua tawhito,
rongo nui i mua ai, o te taha Rawhiti o te ao, kua he
noa iho inaianei, kua kore e tau hei nohoanga
tangata, i te mea kua whakangaromia o ratou nga-
herehere. Na reira hoki, nawai i pai aua whenua, a
ka nui haere te waipuke, ka riro te oneone te tahi
atu; a, na te kore waoku, ka he noa iho a runga i te
rangi tona ahua (he raki). Tera ano hoki etahi
whenua pera ano te mate, na te mahi whakato rakau
hei ngaherehere i ora ai; ara, i ahua pai ai ano te
rangi, i kore ai nga waipuke nui, whakangaro whenua,
i whai awa ai ano hei ara mo te wai. Tetahi painga o
te whakatupu rakau, he whakamarumaru i te whenua,
koia i tika ai te ngaki, me i kore e kore ano hoki e
ngakia.

[I konei ka tangotangohia ka panuitia e te Pokera
he korero mana no roto i etahi pukapuka na nga
Kawanatanga o etahi whenua o te ao, na etahi atu
tangata whai matauranga hoki, mo nga mahi ahu-
whenua me te whakapau ngaherehere. Kaore matou
e whai takiwa ana kia panuitia aua korero inaianei,
engari tera pea e tango mai e matou etahi kupu o
aua korero, ka panuitia i tera Waka.]

Katahi ka korero ia ki nga mema ki te he o te
whakaaro e mea nei, na te mea e tino nui ana nga
ngahere o te ao, e kore rawa e pau. Kaua e wha-
kaaro ki te ingoa " ngaherehere " he oranga tena,
he " whiwhitanga tena ki te rakau papai anake mo
nga mahi." Ko te ngaherehere maori noaiho nei,
kaore nei e tiakina ana, kaore e mahia ana, e kore
ano e rite te pai me te nui o te rakau ki to te mea i
ata whakatupuria. Otira, kua taea e ia te matau-
ranga o te rahinga o nga ngahere maori kei etahi
whenua maha o te ao—e hara i te mea tino rite, engari
e ahua tata ana. Ka ui ia, ki te mea e tiakina paitia
ana te ngaherehere, e tupatoria tonutia ana i nga
whenua e nui whakaharahara ana ona ngaherehere,
na me pehea i tenei motu e ahua iti nei te ngahere-
here ? [I konei ka whakaatu a te Pokera i nga eka,
hui katoa o nga whenua ngahere o te ao katoa, me
nga moni e puta mai ana i ia tau i ia tau i runga i

Although he had not paid much attention to the
subject until very recently, it would be unfair to
allow it to be supposed that it had not already
occupied considerable attention in the New Zealand
Assembly. It had attracted considerable attention,
not only among present members of the House, but
among those who had ceased to be members of it,
and in past sessions had taken a great deal of
interest in it. The Legislature at various times had
shown a disposition to deal with the subject; and,
indeed, to some extent had done so by the various
Acts which had been passed, and by giving bonuses
for private planting. He did not mean to say that
this system had not anything to recommend it, but
it had not, to his mind, much weight; as the estab-
lishment of State forests, conducted by the State,
should mean their preservation with the utmost care.
If the State was to pay for planting, it; was only
reasonable that the result should belong to the State.
However, under the proposal which he was about to
explain, it was not at all intended to interfere with
previous legislation. Private planting would be left
in the same position as it now stood.

The Press in New Zealand, he was happy to say,
had taken a very large interest in this matter. He
would ask honorable members to direct their atten-
tion to the question of the importance of preserving
the forests, and to the injurious effects of destroying
them; effects which were very serious upon our
climate with respect to rainfall. There were almost
innumerable authorities to show that the effects of
the removal of forests was to seriously prejudice
climate, to cause floods, to destroy original water-
courses, and to wash away soil ; and it was an
accepted fact that many old countries in the East
which had taken a large part in the history of the
world had been literally destroyed and rendered
almost unfit for man's residence by the destruction
of their timber, which led gradually to destructive
torrents, by which the soil was washed away, while
the absence of forests at the same time seriously
impaired the climate. There were instances on
record in which resort to planting had secured the
reverse result—had restored, to some extent at least,
the original climate, and had especially done away
with floods, and re-established water-courses. One
advantage derivable from tree-planting was the
shelter it afforded to land, enabling culture to be
carried on where, without such shelter, culture of the
land would be impossible.

[The honorable gentleman here read extracts from
official and other reports on agriculture and destruc-
tion of timber in various parts of the world. We
have not space to notice these reports here, but we
propose to make some extracts from them in our
next Waka.]

The next branch of the subject to which he invited
the attention of honorable members, was the fallacy
of supposing that the timber supply of the world was
inexhaustible because forests were large. It must not
be supposed that " forest" was a convertible term for
" supply of useful timber." Indigenous forests, un-
tended and uncared, produced nothing like so useful
or prolific a supply of timber as forests reared for the
purpose. Still, as a matter of interest, he had ascer-
tained, and only in the vaguest possible manner, the
extent of forest lands in different countries. If in
countries where it was thought the forest land was
inexhaustible, it was still considered necessary
and desirable to inaugurate a system of careful
management, what must be the case in a country
where the supply was limited, and the forests com-
paratively small? [Here Mr. Vogel gave a state-
ment of the estimated area of the forests of the

184

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

aua ngaherehere; i panuitia hoki e ia etahi korero
whakaatu i te paunga haeretanga o aua ngahere-
here,]

I ki hoki a te Pokera kua nui haere te wha-
kaaro o te ao katoakia whai-tikangatia nuitia tenei
mea nui. Tera te Runanga o nga iwi o te ao mo nga
tikanga o nga mahi ngaki Whenua me te whakatupu
Ngaherehere, i hui, i te tau kua hori nei, ki Wiena
(te tino taone o Aataria), a oti ana i taua Runanga
nga kupu kei raro nei, tukuna ana ki nga Kawana-
tanga katoa o te ao katoa, ara:—

Kua kitea e matou ko te tikanga pai hei whakamutu i te
mahi tukino i. nga ngaherehere e tukinotia tonutia nei i te ao,
me whakakotahi he whakaaro ma nga rangatiratanga o nga
iwi; ara ano ia mo te tiakanga me te whakatupu-paitanga o
nga ngaherehere e tu ana i nga kauru me nga tahataha o nga
awa nunui (kia taea ai hoki te tikanga e hiahiatia ana) ; no te
mea kua mohiotia tona tikanga o te whakangaromanga wha-
kaaro-koretanga o aua ngaherehere, ara he mimiti haere no te
wai o nga awa, a, kore ana e paneke te kaipuke, me nga tikanga
hokohoko ka whakahengia; tetahi he whakapapaku i nga awa
ki te onepu, he tanuku no nga tahataha, he whakangaro i nga
whenua whakatupu kai e takoto haere ana kei nga tahataha.

E kitea ona hoki e matou, ko te mahi tino tika hei mahi ma
nga iwi whai-maramatanga katoa, he tiaki he whakatupu i te
hanga ngahere katoa e tika ana hei whakaora i te whenua—
ahakoa mo te ngaki, mo te aha ranei—ara ia ko nga ngahere kei
nga akau onepu, kei nga tihi kei nga taha hoki me nga pari
poupou o nga maunga, kei te takutai hoki; me nga wahi takoto
noa katoa atu ; a kua kitea hoki he tika kia whakatakotoria mo ;
nga iwi he tikanga nui, kia tau ki runga ki nga tangata nana
ake aua ngaherehere e kiia nei kia " tiakina," kia ora ai hoki te
whenua i te hanga e tukinotia nei.

Kei te whenua o Wi Wi he taonga e whakaarotia
nuitia ana te ngaherehere; ko Amerika hoki kua
oho ake ki te nui o taua tikanga, katahi ka ata tiro- 
hia. Kei Tuitarana hoki, e whakanui ana i taua
mea inaianei. I Kanata, kua nui haere te mahi
hanga Ture mo taua mea. I Tuitene he pakeke rawa
nga Ture ki runga ki taua tikanga. Te tikanga kei
tera whenua, ka kotahi te rakau e tuaia ana e te
tangata nana ake ano te ngahere kia rua e whakato-
kia e ia hei whakarite, a mana ano hoki e tiaki kei
pau i te kau. Kei Wikitoria, kei Hauta Aatareeria
hoki, kua kitea te nui o taua mea, otira kaore ano
kia tino tahuri ki te whakatakoto tikanga; engari kei
Wikitoria kua timata te whakato rakau.

Katahi ka whakaputa a te Pokera ki te tatauranga
a Takuta Heketa, he whakakite i te rahi o nga
whenua ngaherehere i te Koroni katoa i roto i nga
tau 1830, me 1868, me 1873. A kitea ana ko te
paunga o te ngaherehere i te koroni katoa, i te tau
1830 tae ki 1868, e tae ana ki te 25 eka o roto o te
100 eka, a pera tonu te rite o te katoa; a i roto i
nga tau e rima, timata i te tau 1868 tae ki te
mutunga o te tau 1873, kua 20 eka kua pau o roto
o te 100 eka o te ngaherehere katoa i toe ki a tatou
i te tau 1868. Katahi ka ki ia, kei Tiamani e wha-
kaarotia ana te he tahu ngaherehere he mea rite tonu
ki te he tahu whare; tena kei Niu Tirani e kore e
whakaaro te tangata i te tahunga o tana paipa, tana
kohua wai ranei, kei mate te ngaherehere nui tonu,
mano tini noa nga eka. Tera etahi tangata e ki, he
hanga nui rawa te ngaherehere i etahi wahi o te
motu, hei aha kia whai-turetia ai. Otira kua kitea
te hohoro o te pau o te ngaherehere. E kore e taea
te whakaaro o te tangata ki te tino tikanga o nga
nama nunui, ara nga whika maha; kei nga mea rawa
ano hoki i takoto ke ai ta te kanohi i kite ai i ta te
ngakau i whakaaro ai. Ki te kitea e te tangata he
moni kotahi rau mano pauna i roto i tetahi rumu e
takoto ana, akuanei ia te whakaaro ai, e kore rawa
e pau. Otira me he mea he minita Kawanatanga taua
tangata, o tenei o tetahi atu motu ranei, katahi ia ka
mohio, katahi ka ahua ke tona rerenga whakaaro. Ki
te kitea e te tangata tetahi whare nui, ki tonu i te kai;

akuanei ia te whakaaro ai, e kore rawa pea e ahua
pau aua kai nui rawa nei e nga tangata e noho tata
ana ki taua toa. Koia hoki me o tatou ngaherehere

world and their annual yield, and read extracts
showing their destruction.]

He said there seemed to be a growing feeling
throughout the world of the necessity for dealing
comprehensively with this huge matter. At the
International Congress of Land and Forest Culture,
held at Vienna last year, the following resolutions
were addressed to the various Governments of the
world:—

We recognise the fact that, in order to effectually check the
continually increasing "devastation of forests which is being
carried on, international agreements are needed, especially in
relation to the preservation and proper cultivation (for the end
in view) of those forests lying at the sources and along the
courses of the great rivers, since it is known that through their
irrational destruction the results are a great decrease of the
volume of water, causing detriment to trade and commerce;

the filling up the river's bed with sand, caving in of the banks,
and inundation of agricultural laud along its course.

We further recognize it to be the mutual duty of all civilized
lands to preserve and cultivate all such forests as are of vital
importance for the well-being—agricultural and otherwise—of
the land, such as those on sandy coasts, on the sides and crowns
as well as on the steep declivities of mountains, on the sea
coasts and other exposed places, and that international princi-
ples should be laid down, to which the owners of such protecting
or " guardian " forests be subject, thus to preserve the land from
damage.

In France, the greatest attention was devoted to
the subjects of forests ; America was awakening to
the necessity of interference. In Switzerland, the
subject was considered of immense importance. In
Canada there had been a large amount of legislation
on the subject. In Sweden, the laws were most
stringent. Private owners were required to plant
and protect from cattle, two timber trees for every
one cut down. In Victoria and in Australia the im-
portance of the question had been recognized, but as
yet little had been done, except planting on a small
scale in Victoria.

The hon. gentleman next referred to a calculation
made by Dr. Hector, showing the extent of our forest
land in this colony in the years 1830, 1868, and
1873, from which it appeared that the average de-
struction of forests over the whole colony, between
1830 and 1868, amounted to about 25 per cent.; and
during the five years from 1868 to 1873, there had
been destroyed about 20 per cent. of what forest we
had in 1868. In Germany, he said, it would be
considered as heinous to set a forest on fire as to set
a house on fire; but in New Zealand a man would
have little hesitation in lighting his pipe or boiling
his billy of water, and endangering a whole forest,
extending over many thousand acres. An argument
that might be used was that in some places there
existed large quantities of timber, and some people
might think legislation on the subject unnecessary ;

but experience had shown the rapidity of their de-
struction. It was rather difficult to realise large
numbers, especially when the eye involuntarily
opposes the instincts. A man in a room where
there were 100,000 sovereigns, would hardly sup-
pose that such a sum could be expended; but if he
were a member of the government of a country he
would form a different opinion. A man seeing a
great storehouse filled with food, might think that
the people near it could not, by their consumption,
ever make an impression upon so vast a quantity.
So with our indigenous forests. When the House
came to consider that in the State of New York
alone, 50,000 acres were required each year for
railway use alone, it would be easy to understand how

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

185

maori. Me whakaaro te Runanga ki te Porowini o |
Niu laka anake (kei Amerika) ; e rima te kau mano
eka ngaherehere e pau ana ki reira i roto i nga tau
katoa, ia tau ia tau, mo nga mahi o nga rerewe
anake ano. Na, ma reira te kitea ai te he o te ki e
kiia nei e kore e pau te ngaherehere ; ara, ki te kore
e whakahokia houtia etahi hei whakarite mo nga mea
kua whakapaua.

Kua hari ia ki te whakaaro kua kitea nei o etahi
Porowini kia nui ake to ratou tiakanga i te ngahere-
here i to mua ahua. Kei Otakou, kei Akar ana, rawa
ano, kua nui haere te whakaaro ki reira ki te mahi
whakato rakau ; a ki tana whakaaro kua puta he hua
pai i roto i taua mahi. A mua ai, kua taonga-nuitia
te Ngaherehere o te Motu katoa, kua nui rawa atu
tona tikanga hei taonga mo te Motu. Na reira te
Kawanatanga i mea ai he mea tika kia wehea mai e
nga Porowini ma te Koroni, ara ma te tino Kawana-
tanga, kia toru eka o roto o te kotahi rau eka o a
ratou whenua ake, hei whenua Ngaherehere mo te
Motu (ara me whakato e te Kawanatanga) ; a, ko te
whakahoki a te Kawanatanga ki nga Porowini, me
tono e ratou (e te Kawanatanga) ki te Runanga o te
Paremete kia whakawateatia nga Porowini i te utunga
o nga koha me nga moni katoa e utua ana mo te
hanganga rerewe i roto i o ratou rohe—ara, me waiho
ma te Motu katoa (ara ma te Kawanatanga nui) e
utu te mahinga o nga rerewe.

Tetahi, ki tana whakaaro he mea tika rawa kia
puta i a tatou he tikanga tuku taonga Ngahere ki
te whakatupuranga o muri i a tatou, kia ahei ai
tatou te ki atu ki a ratou,—" Na, kua nama moni
matou hei hanga i nga rerewe o te motu nei; kua
tupato matou kai kino te ahua o te rangi (ara kai
tu a raki i te paunga o te ngaherehere) ; a, ka
waiho iho tenei ki a koutou enei ngaherehere,
tenei taonga nui; ma reira e rite noa atu ai aua
nama e waiho iho ana ano hoki ki a koutou—rite
noa atu, ka toe nui ano aua ngaherehere." Te tino
tikanga o te Pire e tohe nei ia, he whakato he
whakatupu ngaherehere i runga i etahi whenua e
hara i te whenua a te tangata, a he tiaki hoki i aua
ngaherehere i runga i nga whakahaeretanga tika e
kitea ai i runga i nga matauranga nui rawa.

Kaore he takiwa o te nupepa nei kia whai atu ano
matou ki te roanga o nga korero a te Pokera, he roa
rawa hoki. Otira, ki te mea ka whai-turetia rawatia
taua Pire, tera ano hoki pea e whakamaramatia ma-
riretia atu ona tikanga ki nga tangata Maori o te
motu nei.

TE WENEREI, HURAE 15.

I tonoa e Taiaroa i tenei rangi, Kia whakaturia
tetahi Komiti, Whiriwhiri marire, hei uiui ki nga
whakaaetanga e kiia aua i whakaaetia i mua ai ki
nga Maori o te Waipounamu, a kaore i whaka-;

manaia. Ko nga tangata hei tangata mo taua Komiti
i whakahuatia e ia, ko te Makarini, ko te Pokiha, ko
Wi Parata, ko te Hinana, ko J. L. Kirihi, ko te
Wirimuhana, ko te Wiremu, ko te Tuanahana, me ia

ano me Taiaroa. . 

Kaore i whakahe te Kawanatanga ki taua Komiti,
ko etahi hoki o nga mema i whakaae ano. Ka mutu,
katahi ka nekehia atu ki te takiwa  e tae mai ai te
Makarini, kua tata hoki ia te tae mai.

HE KORERO MAI NO TE MOANA.

TE WHAKARERENGA. ME TE KITENGA O TETAHI TIMA,
NO WI WI, A TE AMERIKI.

TERA tetahi korero kei nga nupepa o rawahi mo te
whakarerenga whanoketanga o te tima " Ameriki" i
te moana, he tima na tetahi Kamupene whiwhi
Tima no Wi Wi. E toru nga kaipuke nana i mau
nga heramana me nga tangata eke noa o runga. Otira

futile it was to speak of forests being inexhaustible,
unless something was done in the way of replacing
them.

He was glad to see a disposition now being shown
by some provinces to attend much more carefully to
the matter than formerly. Notably, in Otago and
Auckland, a large amount of attention had been given
to the tree-planting question, and, he begged leave
to think, with beneficial results. In the course of
time, State forests would possess an enormous aggre-
gate value. Therefore, the Government came to the
conclusion that the provinces should hand over to
the colony three per cent. of the whole of their lands,
to be set apart as State forests ; and in return, they
would propose to the Parliament to relieve the pro-
vinces of interest and repayment of principal on the
cost of constructing the railways.

He thought further, that the proposal would come
particularly well from them to hand over State forests
to those who came after them, and to say to them,
" We have borrowed money by which to cover the
country with railways ; we have taken care not to
injure its climate ; and we now hand to you, in these
forests, a magnificent property, which will more than
pay the liabilities we have devolved upon you." The
great object of the Bill which he was proposing was,
to take the land over which no private right existed,
to be absolutely converted into State forests, and to
apply to it the very best possible management that
the most experienced skill could devise.

We have not space to notice further Mr. Vogel's
remarks, which extended to a very great length. But,
should the Bill become law, doubtless its contents
will be explained to the Native inhabitants of the
country in due time.

WEDNESDAY, JULY 15.

Mr. Taiaroa moved, " That a Select Committee be
appointed to inquire into and report on unfulfilled
promises to Natives in the Middle Island; Committee
to consist of Mr. McLean, Mr. Fox, Mr. Parata, Mr.
Sheehan, Mr. J. L. Gillies, Mr. Williamson, Mr.
Williams, Mr. Swanson, and the mover."

The Government did not oppose the appointment
of the Committee, and several honorable members
spoke in favour of it. The matter was eventually
adjourned until the arrival of Mr. McLean, who was
expected to arrive very shortly.

A STORY FROM THE SEA.

ABANDONMENT AND RECOVERY OF THE FRENCH
STEAMSHIP AMERIQUE.

THERE is in the English papers an account of the
extraordinary abandonment at sea of the steamer
"Amerique," a vessel belonging to a French Steam-
ship Company. Her crew and passengers were
rescued by three vessels. The ship, however, did

186

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

ki hai ano i totohu taua tima. Kaore tahi he pakaru
tikanga. I kitea i muri i te moana, toia haeretia
ana ki roto ki te tunga kaipuke i Pirimauta (kei
Ingarani), a tukua ana i muri nei i runga i nga puka-
puka whakaae, a te kamupene nana taua tima, kia
homai e ratou, ki nga tangata nana nga kaipuke i
whakaora i taua tima, nga moni £125,000, a haere
atu ana, tae ora atu ana ki Haawa (kei o Wi Wi).
He mea whakawhaiti mai tenei kei raro nei no nga
korero o taua mea i roto i nga nupepa o rawahi mai.
ara:—

" I whakarerea te Ameriki i te moana i te Turei te
14 o nga ra o Aperira, 1874, i roto i te tupuhi nui.
E toru nga kaipuke nana i mau nga tangata o runga,
ara ko te Mitikana, he kaipuke no Ingarani; ko te
Aratini, he kaipuke no Naawe, ko Kapene Erikihana
te kapene ; ko tetahi kaipuke hoki no Hari, ko te
Eraiha Kuiroro te ingoa. I tae ora atu katoa nga
tangata ki runga ki aua kaipuke; ko te meti tuarua,
ko M. Karee, anake te mea i mate, he tahuritanga
no tetahi o nga poti i mate ai ia. I te aonga ake
o te ra i whakarerea ai taua tima ka tupono mai
etahi kaipuke e rua, no Ingarani anake, ko te Aapana
tetahi, he kaipuke heera nei; ko te Perei tetahi, he
tima, ko te Karaka te Kapene. Na, ka kitea te
tima i mahue ra, e ata haere noa ana i te moana, ko
nga heera nei ano ki te pana, kua mate hoki nga ahi;

ko te kara tohu o te mate i te rewa e tareparepa ana
i te hau. Katahi ka hoea atu te poti no te Aapana.
No te ekenga o nga tangata ki runga katahi ka ata
kitea nga tohu o te wehi o nga tangata o runga, me
to ratou haerenga ohoreretanga i runga i nga poti.
Titiro rawa atu, tera te tina e tu tonu ana i runga i
te papa (tepa nei) ; ko etahi kua kai, ko etahi kaore
ano i kai, a haere noa. I te whare takanga kai a te
kuki, tera te hupa i roto i nga kohua e tu tonu ana ;

ko etahi kai hoki kua oti te taka, i tahaki e tu ana,
mo te kawe ki te nohoanga rangatira i te ta. I roto
hoki i nga rumu o te ta kua parawhiuwhiua kinotia
nga mea katoa. Nga kahu utu nui, whakapaipai
rawa, e takoto noa ana i raro; nga pukapuka me nga
aha noa atu e tawheta noa ana i raro i te papa taka-
takahi o te rumu; nga pouaka, nga peeke, nga kete
takotoranga moni, nga aha noa atu e takoto tuwhera
noa ana i te hurahuratanga a nga tangata nana—a
kitea nuitia ana i reira nga tohu o te paweratanga
me te ohorerenga o nga tangata.

" Katahi ka hoe atu ano tetahi poti ano no te Perei,
me nga kamura me etahi tohunga i runga, hei kai-
titiro ki te mate o taua tima. Kitea ana e ratou kua
rima wahanga o taua tima, ara e rima wehenga i roto
i te kaipuke. (Pena ai ano hoki te hanganga o etahi
kaipuke; mo te pakaru rawa ake tetahi o nga
wehenga ka puta mai te wai ki roto ki taua wehenga
anake ano, kaore ki roto ki tetahi, a ka maanu tonu
hoki te kaipuke, ahakoa pakaru). Heoi, mahara ana
nga tangata o te Perei he ngaru i roto i te tupuhi
pea i huri ki runga ake o te rumu o nga huri o taua
tima ; i puta mai ranei te wai nui nei na roto i etahi
matapihi e toru i te kaokao o te tima, inahoki kitea
ana kua pakaru nga pa o aua matapihi i te akinga
mai a te ngaru i te taha o te tima. Tetahi i mohiotia
ai he pera, kua waru putu me te hawhe te hohonu o
te wai i roto i te rumu o nga huri me nga rumu o
nga ahi me nga waro, a i mau tonu te ahua o taua wai,
kaore i nui haere te hohonutanga. Ko nga puare-
tanga katoa o te papa o te tima kua tutakina katoatia;

otira i maharatia i tutakina aua puaretanga i muri
iho o te hurihanga mai o te wai ki roto ki te rumu o
nga huri. He mea marama rawa ki a ratou na te
wai i tini i nga ahi i kore ai e taea te mapu i te wai
ki nga tino mapu o te tima (he mea whakamahi na
te mamaoa hoki) ; ko etahi atu mapu noa iho he kiki,
ki te aha ranei, i kore ai e taea te mahi. Engari te
wehenga i te ta i whai puta, ki ta ratou i mohio ai;

otira e hara i te pakaru nui, e ono tae ki te waru

not sink. There was really little the matter with
her. She was found at sea ; towed into Plymouth
harbour; released on salvage bonds amounting to
£125,000, and sent on to Havre, where she arrived
safely. The following is an abridgment of the
account given in the English papers:—

" The Amerique was abandoned in a terrific gale
on Tuesday, the 14th of April, 1874. Her crew and
passengers were taken by three ships—the Michigan,
an English vessel (bound from Naples to Callao) ;

the Aladdin, a Norwegian, commanded by Captian
Erickson; and the Eliza Queirolo, hailing from Italy.
The transfer of the crew and passengers was effected
without loss of life, except in the case of the second
officer, M. Garay, who was drowned by the upsetting
of a boat. On the day following her abandonment
a barque named the Auburn (of and from Sunder-
land, with coals for Alexandria), and a steamship,
the Spray, Capt. Clark (of West Hartlepool, from
Newport, with coals for Gibraltar), both sighted the
Amerique ploughing solemnly along under canvas,
with the signal of distress flying at half-mast. A
boat's crew from the Auburn boarded the drifting
ship, and there found every evidence of the precipi-
tate departure of the panic-stricken passengers and
crew. Dinner was on the table ; some of the pas-

sengers had been served, while others had not. In
the galley savory soup was still in the coppers, and
some prepared dishes stood ready for service. In the
state-rooms everything was in the wildest confusion.
Costly dresses lay on the floors, books and private
papers were lying around; boxes, trunks, valises,
and pocket-books were left lying open by their
owners.

" A party of seamen, with the carpenter, the en-
gineers, and the mate of the " Spray," then went on
board the "Amerique" to report. They found that
she was built in five compartments. (Ships are fre-
quently built in this way ; so that, if one compart-
ment should be stove in, the water can only get into
that one, and not into the others, and the ship will
therefore still float.) The people who went on heard
from the "Spray" conjectured that during the gale
she must have shipped some very heavy seas over her
engine-room skylight, or admitted immense volumes
of water through three dead-lights that were found
knocked in by the action of the waves in sinking
against her sides. That conclusion was strengthened
by the fact that they found the engine-room stoke-
hole and coal-bunker compartment flooded with 81/3

of water, which water has not since increased.
Every aperture in the deck was found closed, but
this battening down was believed to have been
adopted, so far as the engine-room was concerned,
after a considerable quantity of water had found its
way into that compartment. It was clear that by
the flooding of her engine-room she had lost the
means of working her main pumps, and the other
pumps appeared to have been by some as yet undis-
covered cause wholly choked up. While this had
been going on amidships, a leak had apparently
sprung in her aftermost compartment, from six to
eight feet of water being discovered there at the

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

187

putu te hohonu o te wai i roto i taua wehenga, engari
kaore i nui haere taua wai i te Turei tae noa ki te
Hatarei. Ko etahi wehenga, i mohiotia he ora katoa.
Ko nga rewa, nga taura, nga heera, me nga mea
ka.toa o te uranga o te tima, i ora katoa,

Katahi ka mea a Kapene Karaka o te Perei kia
toia haeretia taua tima, te Ameriki, Id uta Id nga
tunga kaipuke. Tokorua nga heramana o te Aapana
i waiho iho e te kapene o taua kaipuke ki runga ki
te Ameriki hei awhina i te mahi, a haere atu ana ia
i tana haere. Ko nga poti o te Ameriki kua riro
atu i ona tangata ano te mau, kotahi tonu i mahue,
he mea iti marire. Katahi ka tukuna etahi o nga
heramana o te Perei ki runga ki te Ameriki. Ka
herea te taura nui ki tetahi o ona mekameka, ko
tetahi pito i kawea ki runga ki te Perei, a i te
Wenerei, te 15 o nga ra, ka timata te to i ta ratou
ika, ka ahu ki Pereti—he kainga no Wi Wi. I te 4 o
nga haora o te ata o te Taitei ka puta mai tetahi tima,
he mea tupono noa mai, ko te " F. T. Pare," o Ranana,
Ingarani. Katahi ka mea atu a Kapene Karaka ki
taua tima hei hoa mona ki te to, a ka mahi taua
tokorua ki te to haere ki te taha Id Pereti a taea
noatia te 4 o nga haora o te ahiahi o taua rangi.

Katahi ka whiti ke te hau, he hau tumu ; katahi
ka whakaaro aua kapene kia toia ta raua ika ki
Pirimauta, a tae atu ana ki taua hainga i te ata o te
Hatarei.

E kiia ana e rite ana te Ameriki, me ona utanga
katoa, ki te £300,000 pauna. Nga mea e homai ana
e te Kamupene mo te whakaoranga o ta ratou tima,
ka £125,000 pauna. ' Noho maha ana haere maha
ana.' "

NGA MOTU O HAMOA.

Ko Hamoa, ko Nawikeeta Aerani tetahi ingoa, e
takoto ana ki te taha whakama o Niu Tirani, e ahua
rite ana ki te 2,000 maero te pamamaotanga atu i Po
Neke nei. E wha ia nga tino motu, e rima nga
motu iti iho, hui ki Rohi Aerani, kei te taha rawhiti
o aua motu. Te kitenga tuatahitanga i enei motu,
na Pukeeniwira i kite i te tau 1768, muri mai ko
Ea Peruhi i te tau 1787, he toa haere i te moana
raua tahi, no te iwi Wi Wi. I te tau 1839 ka
taea ano aua motu e tetahi hunga no Amerika, i
huaina ko te " Hunga Rapu Haere i te Moana." I
taua tau ano ka u ki reira a te Peeworaiti, kai-
puke na te Kuini, e kawea mai ana te tinana o te
Wiremu, he mihinere kaha rawa i kohurutia ki

Eromanga e nga tangata Maori o reira, ko tetahi ia
o etahi motu kei te taha mauru o Niu Tirani. e takoto
ana, 1800 maero te pamamao atu i Po Neke nei.

Te putake mai o aua motu e mohiotia aua he mea
pana ake na te puia; e kitea ana hoki nga waro o
etahi puia maha o mua, kua matemate nei inaianei.
Te nuinga rawatanga o te puia tawhito kei runga
rawa i te taupae o O poru, te teitei ake o taua taupae
i te moana ka 2,570 putu. He tupuhi tonu tana
hanga kei reira i roto i nga marama e wha o te tima-
tanga o te tau ; he mate nui kei aua tupuhi, ho tahi
haere i nga mea katoa, he turaki i nga rakau whai
hua e kainga ana e te tangata, a mate ana nga ta-
ngata i te kai kore. Kotahi te tupuhi pera i pa ki
Mangia i a Maehe, i te tau 1846. Ko tetahi ia o nga
motu i huaina ko nga motu a te Kuki. Ko enei
motu kei te taha whakama o Niu Tirani; te pama-
mao atu i Po Neke ka 2,200 maero. Kei nga mara-
ma o to hotoke he nui rawa te ua, he kaha te hau, ho
tupuhi marangai: he ahua whitiwhiti ke te ahua o te
rangi ki reira, ho mea ano he nui rawa te pumaahu
me te haumaku ano o te rangi. He nui ki reira o nga
hua rakau e tupu ana i nga whenua ra, he kaha rawa
te tupu ki roira ; hei matua atawhai rawa te tupu

period when first boarded by her salvors. This leak,
however, did not make any dangerous progress from
the Tuesday up to the Saturday evening, and the
other compartments are believed to be sound. Her
spars, rigging, sails, and steering apparatus were
intact.

" Capt. Clark, of the " Spray," then made arrange-
ments for towing the " Amerique" into port. The
captain of the barque "Auburn" left two of his sea-
men on board of the " Amerique to assist,, and then
proceeded on his voyage. The whole of the " Ame-
rique's" boats had been carried away with the crew,
with the exception of a small gig that happened to
be left hanging to the davits. Part of the crew of
the " Spray" was sent on board the " Amerique." A
warp was bent to one of her cables, the other end
was taken on board the " Spray," and on Wednesday,
the 15th, she commenced to tow the derelict, heading
her course for Brest. At 4 a.m., Thursday, very
fortunately, another steamer hove in sight. She
proved to be the " F. T. Barry," of London (from
Pomaron, with iron for Garston). Captain Clark
made arrangements for using this new and welcome
aid, and both the steamers kept towing towards
Brest till tour that afternoon.

" The wind, however, becoming foul, it was resolved
to tow for Plymouth, at which place they arrived on
Saturday morning.

"The " Amerique" and cargo are estimated to
be worth £300,000 sterling. The salvors receive
£125,000 sterling from the company owning her."

SAMOA ISLANDS.

SAMOA, or Navigator's Islands, lie a little to the east
of north from New Zealand, and are distant from
Port Nicholson about 2,000 miles. They consist of
four principal islands and five smaller, reckoning
Rose Island to the eastward among the number.
They were first seen by Bougainville in 1768, and by
La Perouse in 1787, both French navigators. In
1839, the "United States Exploring Expedition"
paid them a visit, and in the same year, H.M. sloop
" Favorite" called with the remains of the enter-
prising missionary, Mr. Williams, who was killed at
Erromanga, one of a group of islands lying a little
to the west of north from New Zealand, and distant
about 1,800 miles from Port Nicholson.

The islands are evidently of volcanic origin, the
remains of extinct craters being visible in many
places, more particularly on the ridge of Opolu, which
is 2,570 feet above the level of the sea. During the
first four months of the year hurricanes occur, pro-
ductive occasionally of most destructive results,
sweeping everything before them, levelling the fruit
trees, and consequently depriving the natives of the
means of support. A case of this kind occurred at
Mangia, one of Cook's group, in March, 1846. This
group lies about N.N.E. from New Zealand, and is
distant from Port Nicholson about 2,200 miles.
During the winter months a great deal of rain falls,
attended at times with high winds and northerly
gales; the climate is variable, and during certain
seasons very hot and humid. Tropical fruits grow in
great variety, and most luxuriantly ; nature being a
most bountiful parent to the natives, supplying them
most liberally with every necessary requirement.

188

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

noa o te kai ma nga tangata o reira, e whiwhi ai
ratou ki te oranga nui mo ratou.

Te rahi o aua motu, hui katoa, ka 2,650 maero
tapawha, ko nga tangata e tae ana ki te toru te kau
mano.  He tokomaha nga Pakeha kei reira e mahi
ana ki te whakatupu kawhi, ki te tahu huka, me
etahi atu mea ; ko te tino taonga tupu noa ki reira
he kokonaiti, e mahia nuitia ana hei hinu. Ko te utu
ki te kai mahi e rua pauna ki te tangata i te marama
kotahi, he mea utu ia ki te taonga, ko te moni he
hanga kore ia ki reira. Ko te tangata haere noa ki
reira ki te matakitaki noa i runga i te ahuarekatanga
noatanga atu, ka kite ia i te whenua purotu, ko
tetahi hoki ia o nga whenua ataahua rawa o te ao
katoa atu; engari ko te tangata haere ki reira he
whakaaro ma tona mahi maori ake ano ia e ora ai,
akuanei kua raru, hua hoki pouri mai. Me tangata
moni rawa ano te tangata haere ki nga motu o te
Moana ki te Tonga, no te mea  e kore e ora te kai
mahi Pakeha i to reira utu, e ora nei nga tangata
Maori o reira. Ko te ahua kanohi o taua iwi Maori
nei e ahua rite ana ki to te iwi Maori nei o Niu
Tirani, me te reo ka nui ano te rite, me ona tikanga
karakia maori, me ana ritenga me ana tikanga katoa
atu, e ahua rite tonu ana ki to te Aitanga a Tiki e
noho nei i Niu Tirani. Ko Oporu kei te taha wha-
kama o Katawau (i Piitii) e takoto ana, te matara-
tanga atu e 650 maero.

PAKARUTANGA O TE TIMA PATAHANA.

Ko te Patahana, tima, i paea ki runga ki tetahi
tahuna onepu i roto i te awa o Waitara i te 13 o
nga ra o Hurae nei, a pakaru rawa ana. I tera hae-
renga hoki o taua tima ki Waitara i eke ano ia i te
ngutu awa, a i tenei haerenga i ata utaina kia waru
tonu ai nga putu te hohonutanga o tona tangere ki
roto ki te wai, kia pai ai te tomokanga ki roto ki te
awa. Otira i te tomokanga ka eke ano, muri iho ka
mahia ka maanu ano, katahi ka rere whakarunga i
roto i te awa. Ki hai i roa e rere ana, ka tutakina
e te waipuke nui e heke mai ana; katahi ka peau ke
te ihu o te tima ra, a paea ana ki runga ki te tahuna
onepu. Muri iho ka maanu ano, ka 200 iari e tere
ana whaka te ngutu-awa, a paea ana ano ki roto tonu
atu o te tahuna o te ngutu-awa, i takoto paepae tonu
i te ara. Kua pakaru rawa pea a raro, inahoki i
karekare rawa ake te wai ki runga ki te papa taka-
takahi o te tima. He nui nga utanga o runga kua
tangohia atu ki uta, i mua atu o te terenga mai ki
te ngutu-awa. He rino, he aha noa, nga utanga, he
mea mo te rerewe e hanga ana ki Waitara ; na te
taimaha pea i pakaru ai a raro i te ekenga ki uta.

I te Manei te 27 o te marama nei i akihanatia ai
te Patahana i Po Neke nei, a i riro mai £3,300 te
utu.

HE WHARANGI TUWHERA.

Ko nga Pakeha matau ki te Reo Maori e tuhi mai aua ki
tenei nupepa me tuhi mai a ratou reta ki nga reo e rua—te reo
Maori me te reo Pakeha ano.

Ki a te Eai Tuhi o te Waka Maori.

Kemureti, Waikato, 6th Hurae, 1874. 
TENA KOE,—He kupu ruarua nei ka tukua atu kia
utaina ki te ihu o te Waka Maori, hei whakamahara
ki aku hoa ake me ka haere mai ki toku kainga,
whare ranei. He kore noku e mohio ko ehea e tae
mai; koia au i tuhi atu ai. Engari pea te uta ki te
Waka nei kia tae marama atu ai ki a ratou. E hara
i te kupu ki nga tangata katoa o te motu nei. Ko
aku kupu nei he mea whakahawea e te hunga matau
pea, otira he mea nui ia ki a au, he mea whai tikanga
ki taku mahara. E whakatika ana ahau ki te whaka-
tauki ;—" Mahia e tona ringa, tino kai, tino makona."

The area embraces some 2,650 square miles, and a
population of about 30,000. There are a number of
Europeans engaged in the culture of sugar, coffee,
&c., the great natural product being cocoanut oil.
Labour is paid at the rate of ten dollars per month,
which is generally represented by trade, money
playing a subordinate part as a medium of exchange.
Anyone desirous of enjoying a holiday will have an
opportunity of feasting his eyes on one of the fairest
scenes in nature; but those going with the view of
supporting themselves by their own labour, will
return sadder if not wiser men. On the South Sea
Islands, a white man must have capital, as the
humblest white labourer would not entertain the idea
of competing with the native article. The native
inhabitants resemble the Maori of New Zealand in
physiognomy, their language and the Maori language
have a close affinity, and the superstitious customs
and manners of both possess a general similarity.
Opolu lies in a north-easterly direction from Kan-
davau, distant some 650 miles.

WRECK OF THE STEAMER PATERSON.

The steamer Paterson was driven on to a sand-
bank in the Waitara River on the 13th of July
instant, where she became a total wreck. On her
last trip to the Waitara she bumped on the bar, on
this occasion therefore she was loaded to draw only
eight feet, so as to enable her to enter the river with
safety. When going in, however, she again grounded,
but was got off and then proceeded up the river.
She had not gone far ere a heavy swell came sweep-
ing down, which caused the vessel's head to swing,
and ultimately forced her upon a sand-bank. She
afterwards shifted about 200 yards towards the bar,
where she lay just inside the bar and right in the
channel. Her bottom appeared to have been very
seriously injured, as the water was washing over her
decks. A considerable quantity of her cargo was
removed before she drifted into the stream. She
was loaded with material for the Waitara railway,
the weight of which was probably the cause of the
injury to her bottom after she grounded.

On Monday, the 27th inst., the wreck of the
Paterson was sold by auction, in Wellington, for
£3,300.

OPEN COLUMN.

European correspondents who have a knowledge of Maori
are requested to be good enough to forward their communi-
cations in both languages.

To the Editor of the Waka Maori.

Cambridge, Waikato, July 6th, 1874.
GREETING,—I send just two or three words, which
you can stow away in the bows of the Waka Maori,
as a notice to my personal friends and acquaintances
who may come to my place or my house to visit me.
I do not know who may first come, therefore I have
thought it desirable to give a general notice in the
Waka, so that all may know. It is not, however, a
matter having reference to the people of the island
generally. My words may be despised by wise men,
but in my own opinion they are of importance, and
worthy of regard. I agree with the old adage—

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

189

Koia tenei, kei whakaaro aku hoa, me ka tae mai,
tera ratou e whakamanuhiritia ki tetahi karaihe o te
wai kaha e tamemetia nei e tatou. E kore e hoatu.
E kore i te kainga, e kore i roto i te whare, e kore i
nga tutakitanga i te rori; no te mea kaore kau ana
era mea i roto i toku ringa hei hoatutanga ki a ratou.
He aha koia te kino o te kai nei ano, me ona kinaki
ano, hei whakamanuhiritanga i a tatou i tenei wa, i
to tatou kitenga i te kino o te nanakia horo tangata
e tamemetia nei e tatou ?

Kotahi hoki tenei e awangawangatia ake nei, kei
nga hoa aroha Pakeha. Kei te tukunga mai o te
aroha i runga i to te karaihe tikanga, tera pea e ki
he whakahawea. Ahakoa ra, me whakahonore ano
au ki a ia mo te aroha; kore i te rite, ko te mahi kia
mahia.

Na to koutou hoa aroha,

Na TE MOREHU o WAIKATO.

[E kore e tika kia pouri to matou hoa, a Te
Morehu o Waikato, kei riri nga Pakeha whai matau-
ranga, ahua rangatira, ki tona korenga e kai i te
waipiro ina ka rongo ratou e hara ia i te tangata kai
pera. Engari rapea ka whakapai ratou, ka whakanui
i a ia, mo tona kaha ki tona tikanga.]

Ki a te Kai Tuhi o te Waka Maori.

Werengitana, Hurae l7th, 1874.
E HOA,—Kia pai mai koe ki te panui i tenei reta ki
roto ki te Waka Maori, ki te kitea iho e koe e tika
ana.

He kupu ako tenei ki aku hoa Maori. Kia kaha
koutou ki nga mahi ahu-whenua, kia ngahau nui ki
te mahi. Me whakaaro koutou ko te mahi te matua
o te tika, o te ora. E mohio ana koutou ki te whaka-
tauki ;—" Mahia e tona ringa, tino kai, tino makona."
Otira ki te kore e mahi te tangata, me pehea e taea
ai he kai ? He maha nga ara mo te matauranga o te
tangata e tuwhera ana i te mahi, a ma te u hoki ki te
mahi e taea ai e te tangata nga mahi i kiia hei mahi
mana i tenei ao. He tino kai-whakaako te mahi, a
na te tohe ki te mahi i tohunga ai te tangata, i matau
ai, i kakama ai, ki runga ki aha mahi katoa atu e pa
ai ia. Na te mahi i pakari ai nga uaua o te tangata,
i ora tonu ai tona tinana, i reka ai tona moe.

He tangata mahi te nuinga o nga tangata o te ao e
whiwhi nei ratou i te oranga. Me i kore te mahi kua
kore hoki e kitea nga tohungatanga o te ao e whaka-
nui nei, e whakaora nei, i te tangata; penei kua noho
tonu tatou i roto i te pouritanga raua ko te kuaretanga.
Titir o ki te tangata mangere. E kore rawa e ngaro
tona ahua. Tana haere, he haere ngoikore noa;

ona kahu e kore e rawe te kakahuranga ki runga i a
ia, kinokino noa ana; ko ona tamariki e hemo tonu
ana i te kai, i te kore kahu hold ; he tangata mate-
mate tonu ia i te nama, he hihiri hoki nona ki te
tango i nga taonga a te tangata e pai ana ki a ia; a
e hara rawa hoki ia i te tangata e whai tikanga ana
ki tona tinana ake ano, ki etahi tangata katoa atu
ranei o te ao katoa. Otira he tangata waha nui ia ki
te korero ki ana mahi, ki te nui o tona matauranga 
nui atu tona korero whakapehapeha i to tetahi
tangata tino kaha ano ki te mahi. Na, ko te ahua
tena o te tangata mangere. Tohungia rawatia e
koutou, kia mohiotia ia me ka tutakina e koutou. 

Ko te iwi o Roma, ara ko nga Romana, he iwi nui
ia o mua i te wa e ora ana i te ao; he iwi ia i puta
tona rongo Id te ao katoa. He iwi ahu-whenua ia;

kaore hoki he iwi i nui atu te kaha ki te whawhai i
tona, i to taua iwi. Ki hai nga tangata nui, tino
rangatira, o taua iwi i whakahawea ki te mahi, ki hai

"Food, the production of a man's own hands, is
eaten with relish and satisfaction."

I say then let not any persons who may come to
visit me, expect that I shall offer them a glass of the
strong drink which is so much relished among us. I
shall not do so. I shall not do so either at my
place or in my house, or upon the road where I may
chance to meet them, because drink is a thing which
I do not keep, and which I entirely disclaim. Why
should not our usual food, with its accompanying
appetizers, be considered sufficient with which to
welcome our friends now that we have discovered the
evil of this man-devouring pest which is so tasteful
to us.

The only thing about which I am at all anxious is
that at my Pakeha friends, when I refuse to drink their
health in the usual way, may misunderstand me,
and think that I disdain them. But I can honour
them without fully observing the usual ceremony
(i.e., drinking).

From your friend in love,

TE MOREHU O WAIKATO.

[Our friend, Te Morehu o Waikato, need not fear
that any sensible and respectable persons, knowing
him to be a total abstainer from intoxicating drinks,
will be offended at his refusal to drink. They will
rather applaud and respect him for his adherence to
his principles.]

To the e Editor of the Waka Maori.

Wellington, l7th July, 1874.

SIR,—Will you do me the favour of publishing the
following letter in the Waka Maori, if you think it
worthy of insertion.

This is a word of advice to my Maori friends. Be
hardworking and industrious. Consider labour and
industry as the parent of comfort and health. You
know the adage. " Food, the production of a man's
own hands, is eaten with relish and satisfaction."
But how is man to obtain food if he will not work ?
ludustry opens up many fields of enterprise, and
enables man to perform satisfactorily the duties to
which he is called in this life. Labour is a teacher,
and it is by perseverance in following its teachings
that man acquires skill, proficiency, and expertness,
in whatever calling he may bo engaged. By labour
the muscles are brought into active use, thus preserv-
ing the body in a healthy state, and making rest an
enjoyment.

The greater portion of the human race have to
labour for their support; and if it were not for labour
none of those things which elevate mankind, and
promote their comfort, would have been discovered,
and we should still be living in darkness and ignor-
ance. Look at the idle man. There can be no mis-
taking his appearance. He moves about without
life or animation ; he is untidy and slovenly in his
dress ; his children want food and clothing ; he gets
in debt to any one, and every one, who will trust
him ; and, in fact, he is of no use to himself or to any
one else in the world. And yet he talks much more
about what he can do, and professes more, than the
man who is really industrious. Such is the idle man.
Mark him well, that you may know him when you
meet him.

The Romans, who lived and flourished many years
ago, were a nation whose fame spread far and wide.
They were an industrious people, and none were
braver in war. Even those amongst them who held
the highest positions', did not think it beneath their
dignity to work. It was through their enterprizing

190

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

i whakaaro he mea whakakuare tangata te mahi.
Na to ratou whakaaro nui ki nga mahi ahu-whenua
ka puta ai to ratou mana ki te ao katoa atu ; kaore
hoki he iwi i kaha ki a ratou, kaore he iwi i tu i to
ratou aroaro. Otira kei hea taua iwi inaianei ?
Kua kore ra he oranga, kua kore he ingoatanga o
ratou i te ao inaianei. Tera koutou e ui mai, " he
aha te take i heke ai, i ngaro haere ai tera iwi?"
Taku kupu whakahoki, na te mea i rere ratou i muri
nei ki runga ki nga tikanga mangere ; ka tukuna
noatia o ratou hiahia, he inukorokoro tonu te mahi.
No to ratou ekenga ki runga ki te turanga whai
mana, ka whiwhi nui hoki ratou ki te rawa, katahi
ratou ka whakarere i nga oha ki me nga tikanga i
tukua mai e o ratou tupuna ki a ratou ; a whakarerea
ana e ratou to ratou ahua ahu-whenua o mua, tukuna
ana ma o ratou tangata anake, ma. nga mokai, e mahi
i nga mahi katoa a te iwi; katahi ka timata ta ratou
whakaaro ki te mahi hei mea whakakuare tangata ia;

katahi ka nui haere te mangere o te tangata, me te
hakari, me nga mahi ahuareka noa atu. o te ngakau
whakakake, ka tango ratou i nga kahu whaka-
paipai rawa, ka panipani i o ratou tinana ki te
hinu kakara; ka waiho nga ra katoa me nga po katoa
hei hakaritanga,hei inumanga waina ; a ka ngoikore
ratou, ka riro noa to ratou mana ; te mutunga iho ka
riro o ratou kainga ka wehewehea i roto i nga iwi toa,
mohoao, e noho ana i tahaki atu o ratou, puta noa ki
tetahi taha, ki tetahi taha—he iwi kuare nei aua iwi,
kaore rawa i rite ki te iwi o Roma te matauranga me
te maramatanga, engari ko te toa i toa. Waihoki ko
te tangata; ki te kore ia e mahi, ka hoki haere ia ki
muri, ka pera me nga Romana, ka riro tona turanga
i te tangata ke, tangata ahu-whenua.

Otira tera atu ano nga kino o te mangere, o te
kaha kore. Ahakoa kore e whakamahia te tinana o
te tangata, ko te whakaaro o te tangata e kore rawa
ano e mutu tana mahi, e mahi tonu ana: a ki te kore
e whakatikaia nga whakaaro o te ngakau ki runga ki
etahi mahi tika, ahu-whenua, akuanei te tupungia ai
e te otaota noa iho, ara e te kino noa iho, hei whaka-
taki i te tangata ki te mate, ki te he noa iho.

Tetahi, me whakaaro te tangata ki te tikanga o
ana mahi ki runga ki ana tamariki i nga ra e ora ai
ratou i te ao nei. E titiro ana hoki te tamaiti ki te
matua hei tauira mona; a ki te mea e kino ana nga
mahi a te matua, akuanei hoki te kino haere ai te
tamaiti, a matua rawa ake kua riro ia hei autaia
whakararuraru i nga tangata katoa, me tona mate
ano. Kua herea nga whakaaro o etahi tangata Mao ri
nei ano e te mangere, kua kore e puta tona kaha ki
nga mahi o te ora, a ko te take hoki ia o etahi he, me
etahi kino maha noa, i roto i a ratou. Mehemea ka
tahuri ratou ki te mahi paamu, me etahi atu mahi
ahu-whenua, akuanei kua hari a ratou wahine me a
ratou tamariki ki te nui o te ora, ki te hua o te kai;

a ko ratou ake ano nga tane kua nui haere te ora i o
ratou tinana, me te whai-rawatanga, me te tatutanga
o te ngakau. Na G. D.

He hoa no nga Maori.

Ei a te Kai Tuhi o te Waka Maori.

Maketu, 4th Hurae, 1874.
E HOA,—Tena koe. Ka nui te hiahia o nga ranga-
tira Maori, me nga tangata whai matauranga, o te
takiwa o te Arawa kia whakamaramatia mai e nga
tumuaki o nga Titotara, o nga Rekepaiti, o nga Kuru
Temepara, nga tikanga katoa o aua tu mahi, kia
wawe ai te tahuri o nga tangata ki te whakahaere i
aua tikanga ki roto i o ratou rohe ki konei, haere i
tai, tae noa ki uta.

E hoa, mau e tuku i taku reta ki te perehi, kia kite
ai aua tumuaki i aku kupu ui, kia whakahokia mai
hoki a ratou nei whakamaoritanga ki roto ano i te
Waka Maori.

spirit that they made their power felt throughout the
world, no nation being able to stand before them.
But where are they now ? They have no longer an
existence or a name in the world. And what, you
ask, was the cause of their decline ? I answer, it
was brought about by the indolent and voluptuous
habits which they afterwards contracted. When.
they had attained to a position of great power and
riches, they no longer regarded the precepts of their
ancestors, but, instead of occupying themselves as
before in industrial pursuits, they left all the labour
to be performed by their slaves and dependents;

they began to look upon manual labour as servile;

they became indolent and luxurious, clothing them-
selves with rich dresses, and anointing their persons
with fragrant oils ; their days and nights were spent
in drinking and feasting; they became enervated,
and their power departed from them; and their
kingdom was taken and divided by the savage
nations surrounding them, who were far inferior to
themselves in learning and civilization. And so with
individuals. If they will not work, they will degene-
rate, as the Romans did, and their positions will be
filled by others more industrious.

But other evils spring from indolence and inac-
tivity. Although the body be not actively exercised,
the brain must and will be continually at work; and,
if the energies of the mind be not directed to prais-
worthy and industrial pursuits, evil weeds will grow
apace, leading the man astray to his ultimate ruin.

Again, men should consider the effect of their ex-
ample upon the future well-being of their children.
The child looks to its parent as its guide, and if the
example of the parent be bad, the child will, in all
probability, grow up bad too, and become an unhappy
nuisance and a pest to society. Idleness has para-
lyzed the natural energy of many of the Maories,
and has given rise to much evil amongst them. If
they would turn their attention to farming and other
industrial pursuits, their women and children would
rejoice in abundance of food, and themselves become
more healthy, prosperous and contented.

From G. D.
A friend of the Maoris.

To the Editor of the Waka, Maori.

Maketu, July 4th, 1874.

FRIEND,—Greeting. The Maori chiefs, and men
of intelligence, of the Arawa district earnestly desire
to obtain from the leading men of the Teetotalers,
Rechabites, and Good Templars, full information as
to the principles, nature, and regulations of those
institutions, so that they may at once take measures
to establish similar organizations within their bound-
aries, from the coast to the inland districts.

I ask you, Sir, to be good enough to publish my
words of inquiry, in the hope that those leading
men, seeing them, may be induced to furnish us with
the required information through the columns of the
Waka Maori.

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

191

Taku mohio, nui atu nga tangata Maori e hiahia
ana kia uru ki tetahi o aua mahi; heoti te mea e
taria nei ko tehea ranei te Runanga pai o aua mea e
toru. Ko te mea pai rawa kia haere mai he tangata
ki te pooti i roto i a matou i nga ingoa o nga tangata
e pai ana kia uru ki taua tu mahi, Id te whakatu
hoki i etahi Runanga ki konei.

 E hoa, me perehi tonu e koe tenei reta, kia mohio
ai te motu nei ki nga tikanga o enei mahi e ma nei e
au. E hara i te mea e ui ana au maku anake, engari
mo nga t.angata Maori katoa ; Ida tere ai te tao "atu
ma te Waka Maori nga " rongo pai" o tenei iwi nui,
o te Titotara.

Na to hoa,

RETI RETI TAPIHANA.

TAKIWA O MAKETU.

HE WHENUA RAHUI.

(Ko tenei reta e panuitia aua kia mohiotia ai e nga Maori
katoa o Maketu).

Ki a te Karaka

Maketu, Hune 8th, 1874.

E HOA,—He whakaatu tena ki a koe i nga ro he o
a matou whenua; ara o nga whenua o matou tupuna,
no te mea kua kai a Ngatipikiao i aua whenua.

Ko te whenua ka hoatu ki a koe ko Te Kaharoa,
hai tiaki mai mau, mo te tangata poko noa ki te
hoko.

Ka timata i te piriti i Te Taheke, haere tonu i te
awa o Kere puta noa ki waho, ara ki Waitarariki ;

tapahi ki Te Rahiti, Te Apunga-a-Matarae, nga Rua-
a-Pikiahu, Te Kauanga-o-Parehingaia ; ka haere i to
awa o Kaikokopu, Pokopoko, ka puta ki Pukearuhe,
ka tapahi ki Te Taheke.

Ko te take i wehea ai a Te Papanui e matou, hai
tautohe ma matou ki o matou hoa tautohe. Ko
tenei whenua kua whakaaturia atu nei Id a koe hai
whenua tuturu mo a matou tamariki.

E koro, whakahaerea atu hoki e koe ki te Runanga,
ki te Tumuaki, ki nga Mema. Otira mau te tikanga,
kaore matou.

Na TE POKIHA. TARANUI.
HAPETA. TE PAKURU.
TE RANAPIA.
TE WAATA TARANUI.
TE HARETI TE WHANARERE.

Otira na Ngatitekinga katoa.

HE PAKU KORERO NA TE MEERA MAI O
RAWAHI.

Tena tetahi tima no Taake i tutukitia e tetahi
kaipuke no Ihipa i te Moana o Mamora, a pakaru
ana, totohu rawa atu ana. E 336 nga tangata i
runga; e 320 nga mea i mate rawa (Ko te Moana
o Mamora e takota ana ki waenganui o Taake ki
Ehia, o Taake ki luropi.)

Kua nui rawa te waipuke ki Hangare. He maha
nga taone iti nei kua riro rawa i te wai. (Ko tetahi
wahi tena whenua, a Hangare, no Aataria, e takoto
ana ki te taha Rawhiti o Tiamani.)

He nui te mate kei Rakanaihi, i Kanata (Ame-
rika). No muri mai o te ngaronga o te hukarere
(te rewanga) kua nui rawa te ua, he ua tonu
tana mahi. Ko nga tangata mahi paamu, i kai i a

I know that a very large number of the Maories
are anxious to join one or other of those movements,
but. they are undecided as to which is the most suit-
able of the three—they know not to which "Ru-
nanga" they ought to connect themselves. It would,
however, be Iar more satisfactory if some person were
to be sent among us to take the names of those wil-
ling to join such a movement, and to establish lodges
here.

My friend, do not fail to publish this letter, so that
all the island may become acquainted with the aim
and object of these institutions about which I am
inquiring. It is not for myself alone that I thus
inquire, but on behalf of all the Maori people ; so
that all, by means of the Waka Maori, may speedily
receive the " good news " of this numerous body of
people, the Teetotalers.

from your friend,

RETI RETI TAPIHANA.

DISTRICT OF MAKETU.

LANDS RESERVED.

(The following letter is published for the information of the
Maketu Natives generally.)

To Mr. Clarke, Under Secretary, Native Depart-
ment.

Maketu, 8th June, 1874.

FRIEND,—This is to make known to you the bound-
aries of our lands, the lands of our ancestors ; because
Ngatipikiao have absorbed (sold some portion of)
these lands.

The land which we propose to hand over to your
charge, in order to prevent any oue from selling it,
is Te Kaharoa.

The boundary commences at the bridge on the
Taheke, thence it follows the Kere stream out to
Waitararikl; hei o it strikes off to the eastward, to
the Apunga-a-Matarae, the Pits of Pikiahu, Te Kau-
anga-o-Parehingaia ; thence it follows the Kaikokopu
River to Pokopoko, thence to Pukearuhe, thence to
Taheke.

We have set aside Papanui, because we desire to
settle with our opponents our title to it. This land,
the. boundaries of which we have given you, we intend
to retain  as a possession for our children.

Will you, our friend, bring this matter before the
Parliament. But you will act according to your own
judgment. We do not dictate.
From

TE POKIHA TARANUI,
HAPETA TE PAKURU,
TE RANAPIA.
TE WAATA TARANUI,
TE HARETI TE WHAKARERE,
And from Ngatitekinga Tribe generally.

ITEMS BY THE ENGLISH MAIL.

The Turkish steamer Kar?, with 336 persons on
board, was run into on the Sea of Marmora, by an
Egyptian vessel, and was sunk: 320 lives were lost.
(The Sea of Marmora is situated between Turkey in
Europe and Turkey in Asia.)

Extensive inundations have occurred in Hungary.
Many villages were swept, away. (Hungary is a part
of the Austrian Empire, and is situate to the east of
Germany.)

There is great distress at Ragusnaz, in Canada.
There have been incessant rains since the disappear-
ance of the snow. The farmers have been eating
seed grain. Cattle were dying, and fears of a famine

192

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

ratou purapura witi nei, i te kore kai hoki. Matemate
ana nga kau ; a i pawera nga tangata kei mate katoa
te whenua i te hemo kai nui—kei kore rawa he kai.
Ko te mate uruta tetahi aitua kua puta ki reira.
Kua pa taua mate ki roto ki tetahi whare turoro i
taua whenua, e 600 nga tangata ki roto.

Kotahi te tereena (rerewe nei) i peau ke ki tahaki
i te rerenga i Rihiwira, i Amerika, e 700 nga tangata
i runga. Tokotoru nga mangumangu i mate rawa, te
kau nga mea i mate ora nei ano. Te kau nga Pakeha
i mate rawa. I tetahi wahi (ko Hirakuhi) kotahi te
hariota i rere ki tahaki, e 30 nga tangata i mate—e
hara i te mate rawa.

Tera te kaipuke uta herehere mangumangu nei,
kua mau i tetahi kaipuke manuwao (toa riri nei) a
te Kuini o Ingarani, i te 14 o nga ra o Maehe. I
rere mai taua kaipuke i Mohamapiki (i te akau
Rawhiti o Awherika), e rere ana ki te moutere ki
Matakahika (kei waho mai o taua takutai ano). Nga
herehere i runga e 275. Ko nga kai i homai ki
runga ki taua kaipuke ma aua herehere i whakaritea
mo nga ra e rua tonu, a kua waru rawa o ratou ra i
te moana. He nui te mate o aua herehere; he nui
hoki i mate rawa.

E toru miriona e rima rau mano nga mangumangu
o Inia e whangaitia tonutia ana e te Kawanatanga
inaianei ano. Kia tae ra ano ki a Tihema te tupu
ai he kai; a e maharatia ana e kore e tae atu he
oranga ki etahi kua rokohanga e te mate. (Tirohia
te Waka Maori o te 2 o Hune kia kitea te korero o
te hemo-kaitanga ki Inia.)

He nui nga kaipuke e utauta ana ki Ingarani mo
te rere mai ki Niu Tirani nei.

I whakamatau tetahi tangata ki te kohuru i a
Kauta Pihimaaka, i a ia e haere ana i runga i tona
hariota i te taha ki Kihikene. (Ko Pihimaaka te
tino Minita o te Kawanatanga o Puruhia, te whenua
i riri ki a Wi Wi i mua tata ake nei). I puhia e
taua tangata na, a tu ana i te pona o te ringa. I
hopukia tonutia te kai-kohuru, titiro rawa atu,
kaore i mohiotia ko wai ranei ia.

Ko te Makarini, te Minita mo te taha Maori, raua
ko Meiha Ropata, i tae mai ki Po Neke nei i te 26 o
nga ra o te marama nei—i hoki mai i Merepane.

I te takiwa i muri mai o te putanga o tera Waka
kua wha nga kaipuke uta tangata mai no Ingarani
kua tae mai ki Poti Kupa (Kaiapoi), hui katoa nga
tangata o runga 1635 ; e rua kua tae mai ki Otakou,
nga tangata o runga 866 ; kotahi ki Murihiku, nga
tangata o runga 220; kotahi ki Akarana, nga tangata
o runga 470. Hui katoa nga tangata kua heke mai
Ia Niu Tirani katoa, i a Hurae 1873 tae mai ki Hune
1874, kua 22,605.

E hara i te tima, a te Patahana, anake i mate ki
Waitara; kua aituatia hoki te kune, a te Eraiha
Meri, ki reira ano. He whiti ohorere no te hau, na
te waipuke tetahi, ka paea taua kune ki te tahuna i
te taha Tonga o te Ngutu-awa, a pakaru rawa ana ki
reira. I hokona taua kaipuke, i a ia ano e takoto ana
ki uta, i te 17 o nga ra o Hurae, ara i akihanatia, te
moni riro mai £850—na te Peka i hoko. £150 i riro
mai mo nga waro, utanga o runga.

Kua oti e te Kawanatanga te whakarite ki a N.
Eruera ma, me ona hoa, kia kawekawea e rato u nga
meera ra Hana Paranahiko mai; ka kawea atu i
Manukau ki Taranaki, ki Nerehana (Wakatu), ki
Wetepota, ki Kereimauta, ki Hokitika, a ka hoki
mai na aua kainga ano haere mai ai. Ko te " Mare " te
tima kua whakaritea e aua Pakeha hei kawekawe i
tana meera.

I te tau ki mua tonu atu o te whawhai kua rua
rau e wha te kau miriona pauna moni te rite o nga
hiraka, me nga kahu i whakaurutia he hi raka ki roto,
i mahia ki o Wi Wi i roto i taua tau kotahi ano.

were entertained. Small-pox is very prevalent, and
has broken out in an asylum containing 600 patients.

An excursion train, with 700 people, ran off the
track at Lysville, in America. Three negroes were
killed, and ten injured. Ten white men were killed.
In another place (Syracuse) thirty persons were
injured by one car jumping off the track.

A slave ship with 275 negroes, from Mozambique
(east coast of Africa), bound for the Island of Mada-
gascar (on the same coast), was captured by the
English man-of-war Daphne, on 14th March. The
slaves were put on board with only two days' provi-

sions, and the voyage was prolonged to eight. Their
sufferings are alleged to be indescribable Many
died.

The Government continue to furnish assistance to
3,500,000 natives in India. There can be no crops
till December, and it is thought some may die before
assistance reaches them. (See Waka Maori of 2nd
June for an account of the famine in India.)

A number of ships for New Zealand are loading in
English ports.

An attempt was made to assassinate Count Bis-
marck (principal Minister of the Government of
Prussia, the country lately at war with France)
while travelling in an open carriage in the neigh-
bourhood of Kissengen. He was fired at and slightly
injured in the wrist. The assassin was immediately
arrested, and found to be an unknown man.

The Hon. D. McLean, Native Minister, and Major
Ropata arrived in Wellington on the 26th instant,
from Melbourne, by the steamer " Otago."

Since our last issue four ships have arrived at
Lyttelton from England, with a total of 1,635 immi-
grants; two at Otago, with a total of 866 immi-
grants ; one at the Bluff with 220 immigrants; and
one at Auckland with 470 immigrants. The total
number of immigrants arrived in the colony from
July, 1873, to June, 1874, amounts to 22,605.

The entrance to the Waitara River has proved fatal
to the schooner " Eliza Mary," as well as the steamer
" Paterson." A sudden change in the wind, and a
heavy fresh, took her on to the South Spit, where she
became a wreck. On the 17th of July the wreck was
sold by auction, and realized £850. A Mr. Baker
was the purchaser. Her cargo of coals brought £150.

The Government has entered into a contract with
Messrs. N. Edwards and Co. for the conveyance of
the San Francisco mails from the Manukau to New
Plymouth, Nelson, Westport, Greymouth, and Hoki-
tika, and back by the same route. The s.s. " Murray"
will be employed on this service.

France produced silk and silk mixed goods to the
value of £240,000,000 in the year previous to the
war.

Printed under the authority of the New Zealand Government, by GEORGE DIDSBURY, Government Printer, Wellington.