TE WA E; A MAORI

O NIU TIRANI.

"KO TE TIKA, KO TE PONO, KO TE AROHA."

VOL. IO,]

PO NEKE, TUREI, MEI 19, 1874.

[No. 10

HE KUPU WHAKAATU KI NGA HOA TUHI MAI.

He moni kua tae mai:— s. d.
1874.—Te Nihotahi o Parekarangi, Rotorua

(No. 10) ... ... ... ... 10 O

E ki mai ana Te Nihotahi kia whaona e matou nga Waka
maua ki roto ki te kopaki nui kia tae tika atu ai ki a ia. E
ki mai ana ko te tikanga a nga Maori e noho tata ana ki
te Poutapeta he tiki he tango mai i te Pakeha i nga nupepa hei
korero ma ratou, a he maha nga nupea kaore e tupono ana ki
nga tangata mana. Heoi, kaore tena hanga te nupepa e
whaongia ana ki roto ki nga kopaki pera, a e kore ano hoki e
taea e matou te pera. E tika ana kia whakaritea e te Niho-
tahi tetahi o ana hoa Pakeha hei tukunga atu ma matou i te
nupepa, a mana e ata hoatu ki a ia. Hei tera Waka tona panui
puta ai.

Tenei kua tae mai te reta a Wiremu Kingi Tutahuarangi
mo te hui a te Urewera mo ana rohe.

Ko Arama Karaka Haututu o Tongaporutu, Kaipara, Aka-
rana, e whakaatu mai ana i te kai nui, ara te " tipata " ki tana
ki, i whakatakotoria hei whakawhetaitanga mo te whakaara-
hanga o te " Temepara " e ratou ko tona iwi, i whakaotia
i a Maehe nei. Ko taua kai, e kiia nei he " tipata," he kai
whanoke, inahoki e rima rawa nga poaka i tunua pukutia,
me te kuata kau, i whakatakotoria ki runga ki te tepu! He
tokomaha nga Pakeha i tae ki reira, a e kiia ana i ahuareka
rawa ratou. Nga kakahu o nga wahine Maori he " maiheni
he hiraka." I whakaae nga tangata i taua kai kia tukua he
hikipene mo nga whakaarahanga whare karakia i etahi atu
takiwa. E ki ana a Arama Karaka " E £210 o tenei tipata."
He mea hui pea ki nga " maiheni me nga hiraka?"

Hei tera Waka puta ai te reta a Hutana Taru me ta te
Awe Kotuku.

Kua tae mai nga reta a Te Pokiha, Pineamine Huhu, me Te
Tuhi-o-te-Rangi.

Ko te utu mo te Waka Maori i te tau ka te 10s., he mea utu
ki mua. Ka tukuna atu i te meera ki te tangata e hiahia ana
me ka tukua mai e ia aua moni ki te Kai Tuhi ki Po Neke nei.

NGA MOTU O TE PUTU.

KUA rongo te nuinga, te katoa tonu ranei, o nga
Maori o Niu Tirani ki nga motu i huaina ko nga

ANSWERS AND NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.

Subscriptions received:— s. d.
1874.—Te Nihotahi of Parekarangi, Rotorua (No.

10) ... ... ... ... ... ... 10 O

Te Nihotahi requests us to enclose his copies of To Waka in
envelopes, so as to ensure their safe delivery to himself. He
says it is a common practice amongst the Natives residing near
the Post Office to go and get the papers from the Postmaster
and read them, and oftentimes the persons for whom they aro
intended do not get them. It is not usual to enclose newspapers
in envelopes, and we cannot undertake to do so. Te Nihotahi
might have his paper addressed to the care of one of his pakeha
friends, who would see that it was safely delivered to him. His
notice will appear in our next issue.

We have received the letter of Wiremu Kingi Tutahuarangi
about the meeting of Ureweras respecting their boundaries.

Arama Karaka Haututu, of Tongaporutu, Kaipara, Auckland,
informs us of a great feast, or " tea party," as he calls it, pre-
pared to celebrate the erection of a "temple" by his tribe,
which was completed in March last. This entertainment, for a
" tea party," appears to have been something remarkable, as
there were no less than five large "porkers" on the table, cooked
whole, and a quarter of a bullock! A great number of Pakehas
attended, and, we are informed, enjoyed themselves exceedingly.
The Native ladies were dressed in " muslins and silks." It was
agreed amongst those present to give what aid they could to-
wards the erection of churches in other districts. Arama Karaka
says, "This tea party cost £210." Does this include the
"muslins and silks?"

The letters of Hutana Taru and Te Awe Kotuku will appear
in our next.

Letters from Te Pokiha, Pineamine Huhu, and Te Tuhi-o-te-
Rangi, received.

 The Subscription to the Waka Maori is 10s., payable
in advance, per year. Persons desirous of becoming subscribers
can have the paper posted to their address by forwarding that
amount to the Editor in, Wellington.

THE rUI ISLANDS.

MOST, if not all, of the Maoris of New Zealand
have heard of the Fiji lslands, being a group of

118

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

Piitii, e takoto ana ki te taha nota o Niu Tirani, e
ahua rite ana ki te kotahi mano e rima rau maero te
mataratanga atu, kei te ara tonu o nga tima nunui,
kawe meera nei, e rerere atu ana i tenei Koroni ki
Hana Paranahiko. He iwi nui te iwi e noho ana i
aua motu, e ahua rite ana ki nga Maori o Niu
Tirani; a e tino mohiotia ana kotahi ano te putake
mai o raua rurua. Ko te reo he nui te rite ki te reo
Maori nei ano, me o ratou ahua hoki, me a ratou
ritenga me a ratou tikanga katoa atu, he nui ano te
rite ki to te Maori o tenei motu. Hui katoa ratou
ka kotahi rau e rua te kau mano tangata, ko nga
Pakeha ia e noho ana ki reira ka toru mano tonu.
He nui o aua Pakeha e mahi aua ki te whakatupu
katene (e whatua nei hei kahu), ki te tahu huka hoki.
E kaha rawa ana te ra i aua motu, a ko nga hua kai
katoa e whakatupuria ana i nga whenua nui te ra e
tupu nui ana ki reira katoa.

I era tau, ka rua, tae ki te toru, kua pahure atu, i
whakamatau nga tangata o aua motu, ratou ko ona
hoa Pakeha, ki te whakakotahi i a ratou kia iwi
kotahi i raro i te mana o tetahi Kawanatanga i
whakaturia e ratou, he mea whakarite na ratou kia
rite ki ta nga motu o te Pakeha. I whakaturia he
Kingi mo ratou, ko Kakopau te ingoa; whakaritea
ana he Kawanatanga pooti mo ratou, penei ano me te
Kawanatanga o Niu Tirani. Ko te whare ki raro he
Pakeha nga mema, he mea pooti katoa; ko te whare
ki runga he rangatira tangata whenua anake, ara he
Maori. Otira ki hai rawa i roa ka kite ratou he hanga
nui atu te uaua i ta ratou i mahara ai te mahi whakatere
i te kaipuke Kawanatanga (he kupu whakarite
tena) ; ki hai i taea nga tikanga nui i wawata ai
ratou, puta ake ana te kapua pouri i te paewai o te
rangi, a ki hai i roa ka puhia haeretia te kaipuke ra
e te tupuhi raua ko te marangai, kua paepae haere
ki te taha ki nga toka e tino pakaru ai, e tino mate
ai. Ara, te whakamaoritanga, kaore i roa kua raru
te Kingi, uana, i etahi o ona iwi e tutu ana, e tahuri
ana ki a ia whawhai ai, a he whawhai tonu te mahi;

tau ana hoki te pouri me te whakatakariri ki te iwi
Pakeha e noho ana i raro i tona mana mo te nui o a
ratou moni takoha e tangohia ana hei moni whaka-
haere i nga mahi a te Kawanatanga, he iti hoki a te
tangata whenua i hoatu ai; heoi, ko nga moni e huri
ana ki te Kawanatanga ki hai rawa i rite ki nga
moni e whakapaua ana, a taimaha rawa ana i te
nama, te nama ki ana apiha ake ano ki etahi atu
tangata hoki, te ai he moni hei whakarite, katahi ka
pouri nga tangata katoa, ka raruraru noaiho, tu ana
te puehu, ngangare noa iho ana te iwi katoa.

Na, no konei ka mea a Kingi Kakopau kia tukua
aua motu ra ki a te Kuini o Ingarani. Katahi ka
tukua e ona Minita, i runga i tona whakaaetanga, he
korero ki te Kawanatanga o Ingarani mo nga motu o
Piitii kia honoa ki Kereeti Peritana, ara ki Ingarani.
Katahi ka tonoa mai tetahi o nga kaipuke manuwao o
Ingarani, (ko te "Peara" te ingoa,) ki nga motu o Piitii
ki te whakarongo ki nga korero a te Kingi ratou ko
ana Minita mo taua tikanga. Ko te rangatira i
tukua mai i runga i taua kaipuke ko te Kutinawhe,
he rangatira manuwao ano hoki taua tangata. Heoi;

tona mutunga iho o te korero ko te tukunga o te
rangatiratanga o nga motu Piitii ki a Kuini Wikitoria
—kua tukua nei. I hoea atu te Kingi ki te " Peara" i
runga i tona waka ake ano, he waka nui. Te taenga
atu ki te kaipuke ka puhia mai nga pu nui; e rua te
kau ma tahi pakunga. Ko nga pu hoki ena, e 21,
kua whakaritea e te Pakeha hei tangi ki nga Kingi
me nga Kuini; he tangata iti iho ka iti iho hoki
nga pu. Ka eke te Kingi ki runga ki te kaipuke
katahi ka hoatu e ia te reta ki a te Kutinawhe raua
ko te Reiata (he tangata tena no uta, kua whakaritea
e te Kawanatanga o Ingarani hei kai whakaputa
kupu ma ratou ki runga ki nga tikanga e pa ana ki

islands to the North of New Zealand, and distant
some 1,500 miles on the line of the large mail
steamers running between this Colony and San
Francisco. They are inhabited by a numerous race
of people very similar to the Maoris of New Zealand 

indeed there can be no doubt that they have
descended from the same original stock. Their
language is very similar to that of the Maoris, and
so also is their appearance, and their habits and
customs generally. Their number is about one
hundred and twenty thousand, whilst the European
settlers in the islands number about three thousand
only. Many of these Europeans are engaged in the
cultivation of cotton and the production of sugar.
The islands are exceedingly hot, and every variety of
tropical fruits grow there in abundance.

Some two or three years ago the Natives in these
islands, in conjunction with certain Europeans, tried
the experiment of consolidating themselves under one
Government, in imitation of European countries.
They set up a King named Cakobau, and established
a regular representative house of Europeans and an
upper. chamber composed of Native chiefs. Very
soon, however, they found it a more difficult
matter to navigate the Government ship than
they had anticipated; their grand expectations
were not realized, black clouds arose upon the
political horizon, and, ere long, the State ship,
driven by storms and gales, was helplessly drifting
towards the rocks, where inevitable destruction
awaited her. In plain Maori, the poor King soon
found himself embroiled in war with various tribes
of his rebellious people ; his white subjects were dis-
contented and irritated at the heavy taxation to
which they were subjected to provide means to carry
on the Government, the Native population contribu-
ting comparatively little; with a revenue totally
inadequate to the expenditure, his Government
became heavily indebted to its officers and others,
and a general state of dissatisfaction, disorder, and
turmoil prevailed.

Under these circumatances, King Cakobau deter-
mined to cede the islands to the Queen of England ;

and bis Ministers, by his authority, made overtures
to the English Government with a view of bringing
about the annexation of the Fijis with Great Britain.
A British vessel (the "Pearl") was sent to the islands
with Commodore Goodenough, to enquire into the
state of affairs, and to hear what the King and his
Ministers had to say on the subject. The result was
the cession of the sovereignty of the islands to Her
Majesty Queen Victoria. The King was rowed in
his own large canoe to the " Pearl," where he was
received with a Royal salute of twenty-one guns.
On board he presented a letter to Commodore Good-
enough and Mr. Consul Layard, offering to cede the
kingdom of Fiji to Her Majesty the Queen. That
letter is now on its way to England, where it will be
deliberated upon by the English Cabinet.

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

119

nga Pakeha i uta, i aua motu nei). Te tikanga o
taua reta, he tuku i nga motu o Piitii ki a te Kuini.
Ko taua reta inaianei, kai te ara e kawea atu ana ki
Ingarani, hei te taenga ki reira ka rapua he tikanga
e nga Minita o te Kawa natanga o Ingarani.

Ko te panui i raro nei o te korerotanga i runga i
te "Peara" he mea tango mai no te Niu Tirani
Herara, he nupepa Pakeha, ara;—

I te 20 o Maehe, 1874, ka tu ki Napoha te
Runanga a te Kingi me nga rangatira o Piitii. I hui
katoa ki reira a te Kutinawhe (te rangatira manuwao
i tonoa mai i Ingarani), me te Reiata (te kai whaka-
haere ki uta a te Kawanatanga o Ingarani), me etahi
atu kai whakahaere katoa, e noho ana i Piitii, a era
atu Kawanatanga o etahi motu, i hui katoa ki taua
Runanga. 

Ko nga kupu enei a te Kutinawhe ki a te Kingi:—
I roto i tera reta i tuhia atu e au ki a koe i Pau (he
motu iti nei a Pau) i ki au ki taku whakaaro kua
nukurautia taua tahi e te Tahitana (ko te tumuaki
tena o te Kawanatanga o te Kingi). Muri iho ka tae
mai te Tahitana ki au whakamarama ai i ana tikanga i
meatia e ia; a ki atu ana au ki a ia katahi au ka
mahara he tangata pono ia. E kore au e ahei te
korero ki a ia i runga i tona Minitatanga; otira ki te
hiahia koe kia korerorero maua mo nga tikanga o te
motu nei, e pai ana. Kua korerotia e au to reta i
tae mai ki au i te ra inanahi; a, tenei hoki kua mauria
mai e au tera reta au i ki mai na koe kaore koe e hiahia
ana kia tukua a Piitii ki a te Kuini o Ingarani. Ki
te hiahia koe kia whakahokia (taua reta),me whaka-
hoki.

Katahi ka karanga mai te Kingi:—Ae; e mea ana
matou kia ata rapua mariretia te reta i tuhia mai na
e koe, i ui mai na koe ki to matou hiahia ki te tuku
i te Kawanatanga o te motu.

Katahi ka whakahokia taua reta (a te Kingi) e te
Kutinawhe, ka ki atu :—I haere mai au i tenei rangi
ki te whakaatu ki a koe i taku i whakaaro ai mo te
whakahaeretanga o te Kawanatanga e tika ai a
muri ake nei. Ara, me whakakore etahi o nga apiha
tokomaha nei kia iti iho te whakapau o te moni, me
whakakore hoki etahi o nga hoia. Tetahi kupu hoki
a te Kutinawhe i ki ai, me whakakore etahi tangata
e whakamahia ana e te Kawanatanga.

Hei konei ka ki mai te Kingi kua rite te whakaaro
i a ratou ko ona rangatira kia tukuna te motu ki a te
Kuini. I ki hoki te Kingi, ki te whakaae te Kuini
kia riro i a ia te rangatiratanga o te motu, ka titiro
tonu ia ki a te Kuini hei matua tiaki i nga tangata o
Piitii, kia kore ai e tata he whawhai ki a ratou.
kia noho ai ratou i runga i te ora raua ko te rangi-
marietanga.

Katahi ka whakaritea e te Kingi ko te Tahitana
hei hoa korero mo te Kutinawhe ratou ko nga kai
whakahaere a nga Kawanatanga ke atu, me te
Tumuaki Kai Whakawa ; a i ki hoki ia me whakarite
ano hoki e ia etahi o ana rangatira tangata whenua
ake, o te Piitii nei.

Katahi ka tu ake te Tahitana ka whakamarama
atu ki nga rangatira o taua iwi ko te Kawanatanga
anake o te motu e tukua ana. Kaore nga tangata,
kaore te whenua, kaore hoki te tarutaru e tupu ana i
runga i te whenua. Ka whakaponohia e te Kuti-
nawhe taua kupu, ka ki ko te Kawanatanga anake o
te motu e tukua ana ki a te Kuini.

I te Hatarei, te 21 o nga ra, ka hui te Kingi me
ona rangatira, me nga rangatira Pakeha kai whaka-
haere a era atu motu, me nga Pakeha noa atu, ka
hui katoa ki runga ki te kaipuke, a te Peara.

Katahi ka tu ake ko te Tahitana ka korero ki nga
rangatira o taua iwi, ka ki kua whakaritea ia e te
Kingi hei korero kia rongo ratou i tena rangi kua
tukua e ia, e te Kingi, a Piitii ki a te Kuini o Inga-

The following account of what took place on board
of the " Pearl" is taken from the New Zealand
Herald:—

On the 20th March, 1874, the King and chiefs
of Fiji met together in Council at Navosa, and
the Commodore and British Consul, together with
the Foreign Consuls in Fiji, attended the Council.

The Commodore spoke thus to the King: In the
letter which I wrote to you at Bau, I said that I
believed that Mr. Thurston (the King's Prime Minis-
ter) had deceived both you and me. Afterwards, Mr.
Thurston came to me and explained his actions, and
I told him that I now believed him to be true. I
cannot meet him as Minister, but if you desire that
he and I should consult about the affairs of the
Kingdom, it is well. I have read your letter which
I received yesterday, and I have brought with me
the letter in which you state that you do not
desire to cede Fiji to the Queen of England. If
you desire to recall it, I will give it to you.

The King then said : Yes  we wish to re-consider
the letter received from you, in which you ask if we
desire to cede the Government of the country.

The Commodore then returned the letter, and
said: I have come this day to tell you my opinion as
to how the Government should be carried out in
future. I think the expenditure should be reduced
by the removal of a number of officials, and by dis-
banding some of the soldiers. The Commodore then
further said that some of those employed in the
Government should be dismissed.

The King then said he and the chiefs had made up
their minds to make an offer of cession to the Queen.
The King also said that if the Queen accepted the
cession, he would depend on her to make it her busi-
ness to see that the Fijians were protected, and
allowed to live in peace in the future.

The King then appointed Mr. Thurston to consult
with him and the Consuls and the Chief Justice, and
said he would also appoint some Fijian chiefs.

Mr. Thurston then stood up and explained to the
chiefs that the government only of the country was
offered. That men were not given, nor the land, nor
even the grass upon the land. The Commodore said
that was true, and that nothing but the government
of the country would be given up to Great Britain.

On Saturday, the 21st, the King and chiefs, the
Commodore, the Consul, and the whites then as-
sembled on deck.

Mr. Thurston then stood up and addressed the
chiefs, saying that the King had appointed him to tell
them that he had that day offered the cession of Fiji to
the Queen of England, and he read the letter offering

120

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

rani, a ka panuitia e ia te pukapuka tuku. Katahi
ka korero mai tetahi o ratou, ko Ratu Ihikeri te
ingoa, ka ki mai kua pai katoa ratou, kua whakaae
katoa.

Hei reira ka tuhia e te Kingi tona ingoa ki taua
reta. He penei nga kupu i roto:—" Te Peara,
Repuka, 21 o Maehe, 1874. Ki a te Kutinawhe,
raua ko te Reiata, nga Komihana a te Kuini o Inga-
rani.—E hoa ma. Ko matou, nga rangatira o Piitii,
kua ata whakaaro matou ki ta korua reta i kawea
mai ki a matou e te Tahitana i te 2 o Hanuere kua
taha atu nei. Inaianei, katahi ano matou ka ki atu
ki a korua e hiahia ana matou kia tukua te Kawana-
tanga o matou motu ki a te Kuini o Ingarani; a ko
te pukapuka i ki au i mua ai kia mahia e te Tahitana,
me waiho taua pukapuka hei pukapuka whakaae mo
te tukunga. Heoi ano a matou kupu, e hoa ma.
KAKOPAU, Kingi. HENARE T. MIRENI, Hekeritari.
J. B. TAHITANA.

Ka oti te panui i taua reta ka kiia e te Kingi kia
hoatu e te Tahitana ki a te Kutinawhe. Ka ki
hoki te Kingi,—" Ki te pai mai te Kuini kia tangohia
mana te Kawanatanga o enei motu, a ki te marama
tana kupu whakahoki mai, katahi matou ka titiro ki
tona Kawanatanga hei atawhai i a matou, hei tiaki i
a matou nga tangata o Piitii, hei whakahaere tika i
nga tikanga mo matou."

Katahi a te Tahitana ka korero ki a te Kutinawhe,
ka mea;—" I runga i te ingoa o te Kingi ka hoatu e
au tenei reta ki a koe hei tuku atu i te mana me te
rangatiratanga o Piitii ki a te Kuini." Muri iho ka

whakamaramatia e ia, ara ka whakapakehatia, nga
kupu a te Kingi i korero ai ki a te Kutinawhe.

I reira ka korero a te Kutinawhe ka ki:—" Ka
tangohia e au tenei reta tuku i Piitii ki a te Kuini.
Kua rongo au ki nga kupu a te Tahitana. A e
marama ana au ko te Kawanatanga anake o nga
motu ta koutou e tukua mai ana, kaore te whenua,
kaore nga tangata. E pai ana. Ka tae mai nei
tenei ki au ta koutou kupu tuku mo nga motu nei, na
e tika ana inaianei kia whai matou katoa, nga apiha o
te Kawanatanga o Ingarani, ki nga tikanga e tau ai
te rangimarietanga me te oranga ki runga ki nga
tangata katoa o Piitii. Ki te pa he kino, he mate
ranei, a muri ake nei ki tetahi tangata o Piitii, ka
whakaaro maua ko te Reiata hei kuaretanga tena mo
maua. Ka hoki nga rangatira ki o ratou kainga me
korero i enei tikanga ki o ratou iwi katoa. Me ki
atu ratou e hara i te mea kua whakakorea te ranga-
tiratanga o o ratou motu, engari kua whakaturia
houtia, kua whakakahangia; ko te ture o tenei ranga-
tiratanga ka kaha tonu ka mau tonu. Ko Kakopau
ano hei Kingi mo Piitii, tae noa ki te wa e tae mai ai
te kupu a te Kuini. Ka tae mai he Kawana, me
haere katoa nga rangatira ki a ia whakaatu ai i o
ratou hiahia. Ko tenei ka tukuna atu e au ki a te
Kuini ta koutou reta tuku i nga motu nei ki a ia. E
mea ana au kia awhinatia koutou e au, a tae noa ki te
wa e hoki ai au. Heoi taku e hiahia ana, kia noho
koutou i runga i te rangimarietanga, a kia ora tonu
to koutou kainga, ake tonu atu."

Katahi ka ki a te Reiata:—" Ko aku whakaaro e
rite ana ki a te Kutinawhe. Ko au hoki e hiahia ana
kia ora tonu te kainga, kia noho hoki nga tangata i
runga i te rangimarietanga."

Katahi ka whakatika katoa ki runga, mutu ana te
korero.

Ko te Kingi ratou ko ona rangatira i noho ki te
kai i te tina i runga i te kaipuke, muri iho ka hoki ki
uta.

TE WHAWHAI KI AHANATI.

TERA te iwi mangumangu, nui, kaha rawa, kei te taha
Hauauru o Awherika, tona ingoa ko te iwi Ahanati.
To ratou whenua, e takoto ana kei te taha o te

the cession. The chiefs then, through Ratu Isikeh,
responded, agreeing to the cession.

The King then signed the letter, which was as
follows:—" The Pearl, Levuka, 21st March, 1874.
To Commodore Goodenough, and Mr. Consul Layard,
the Commissioners of the Queen of Britain.—Sirs,—
We, and the chiefs of Fiji. We have considered
your letter which was brought to us by Mr. Thurston
on the 2nd of January last. And we now tell you
that we desire to cede the government of our king-
dom to the Queen of Britain, and that the document
which I formerly told Mr. Thurston to prepare be
the agreement of the cession. This is all, Sirs, we
have to say to you.—CAKOBAU R.—Countersigned,
Henry T. Milne, Private Secretary. •J. B. Thurston."

When the letter was read, the King told Mr.
Thurston to give it to the Commodore, and the King
said, " If the Queen desires to accept the government
of the land, and her reply is clear to us, we will then
depend upon her Government to be generous, and
to protect us Fijians and govern us justly."

Mr. Thurston then said to the Commodore, " In
the name of the King I give you this letter, offering
the sovereignty of Fiji to the Queen," and he also
explained what the King had said.

The Commodore then said: " I receive this letter
offering to cede Fiji to the Queen. I have heard
what Mr. Thurston has said, and it is clear to me
that you offer to the Queen the govemment only of
the kingdom, and that you do not give the land or
the people. That is well. From the time when I
receive your oner of concession, it devolves on us all,
the officers of the Govemment of Great Britain, to
seek the peace and prosperity of the whole of the
people. We (the Consul and I) think that we shall
be disgraced if any evil happens in the future to any
Fijian. When the chiefs go home let them tell their
people these things. Let them say that their king-
dom is not destroyed; that it is set up afresh and
strengthened, and that the law of the kingdom is
strengthened, and will still be adhered to. Cakobau,
the King, will still govern Fiji till the Queen's deci-
sion arrives. When the Governor arrives, let all the
chiefs go to him and tell him their desires. I will
now send to the Queen your offer of cession. I
desire to assist you always till I leave Fiji. I have
only one wish for you, that you all live in peace,
and that your country remain prosperous for ever."

Mr. Consul Layard then said : " My opinion agrees
with the Commodore. I also desire that the country
be prosperous, and the people live in peace."

They all then stood up, and the speaking was
ended.

The King and chiefs then dined on board, and
after dinner went on shore.

THE ASHANTEE WAR.

ON the West Coast of Africa there is a powerful
nation of blacks, called the Ashantees. Their
country is situated on a part of the coast known as

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

121

takutai, puta noa ki uta, e whakahuatia ana ko te I
" Takutai Koura," he nui hoki no te koura i kitea i
taua whenua i mua ai. Ko te iwi Potukihi te iwi
tuatahi nana i kite i te whenua e takoto haere ana i
taua takutai, a e huaina ana, tona ingoa nui ko
"Kini." Inamata riro, i te tau 1434, e rere haere
ana i te moana i taua takutai tetahi tangata o taua
iwi (ko Aranaho Kanarehi te ingoa) ; tona kitenga i
nga tangata i uta ka whaia ka patua, a ka tu etahi o
ratou, kotahi hoki o te Potukihi i tu. E kiia ana he
whakahekenga tuatahi tenei a te tangata no te iwi
whakapono ki te ingoa o te Karaiti i te toto i tera
whenua. I muri i tenei ka mahi tonu te iwi Potukihi ki
te tuku kaipuke ki te takutai o Kini, kua kitea hoki te
ara. He mea ano ka hokohoko haere pai marire nga
kaipuke, he mea ano ka hopuhopu i nga mangu-
mangu ka mauria hei herehere. E korerotia ana he
nui nga hopukanga pera o mua ra a te Potukihi i
aua takiwa. Otira he tikanga ano tena, te hopu-
hopu tangata hei taurekareka, na aua iwi mangu-
mangu o mua iho i roto i a ratou ake ano, e hara i a
te Potukihi nana i timata. He tinitini noa nga ta-
ngata o Kini i riro i nga Arapa te hoko hei taureka-
reka i nga tau maha nga rau i mua atu o te takiwa
i tahuri ai nga Potukihi ki taua mahi, kaore ano te
Potukihi kia kite noa i reira ai taua tu mangumangu
uru-menge. He iwi tu a mangu ano te ahua o nga
Arapa, ko Areepia tona kainga, he whenua kei te
taha whakama o te Moana Whero.

I te tau 1481 ka hangaia e te Potukihi tona pa
tuatahi ki Eremaina, i te takutai o Kini; a timata
atu ana he mahi ma ratou i taua pa ki te hoko koura,
aiwori (rei erepata nei), tangata hoki hei taurekareka,
i nga iwi o uta. Muri iho ka hangaa ano e ratou
etahi pa maha atu, a he roa te takiwa i puritia ki a
ratou anake te mahi hokohoko i taua takutai. I
murua katoatia e ratou nga kaipuke a etahi iwi e
tohe ana ki te haere ki reira hokohoko ai.

I te takiwa o te tau 1551 ka tukuna te kaipuke
tuatahi o te Ingirihi, e etahi pakeha hokohoko i
Ranana, ki te takutai o Kini hokohoko haere ai, i
muri o tena ko etahi hoki. I te tau 1555 ka tae ano
tetahi pakeha o Ingarani ki reira hokohoko ai i te
koura, i te aiwori, i te pepa kai nei. E rua ona kai-
puke i haere ai, ko Wiremu Tauatana tona ingoa. I
te tau 1556 ka tae ano ia ki reira, e toru ona kaipuke
i tenei haerenga i muri nei. Te tuatoru o ana haere-
nga ki reira, i te tau 1557. I enei haerenga katoa
a taua tangata i whawhaitia tonutia ia e nga kaipuke
manuwao a te Potukihi, otira he tino toa riri ia, kaore
ia i mau i a ratou. I taua. takiwa tae noa mai ki te
tau 1750 he maha nga Kapani (ara nga hunga) i
whakaritea i Ingarani, i Harana hoki, hei hokohoko
haere i te Takutai Koura; a ko aua iwi taua rua i
whakatu kainga mo raua i taua takutai, he mea
whakaae na nga tangata whenua. I te tau 1637 ka
tangohia te pa, ara te taone, o Eremaina i a te iwi
Potukihi e te Tati (ara ko te iwi o Harana, he whenua
e tata ana ki Puruhia ki Paraani hoki, ki o Wiwi nei);

muri iho ka neke haere nga kainga o taua iwi ki te
taha hauauru o taua takutai, ko te Ingirihi ki te taha
rawhiti.

Ko te Kapani whakamutunga i Ingarani hei hoko-
hoko taonga i te takutai o Kini, no te tau 1749 i
whakaturia ai. No tetahi takiwa, kua 50 nga tau
kua taha ki muri nei, ka tukuna e taua Kapani ki te
Kawanatanga o Ingarani ona pa katoa me ona kainga
katoa i te Takutai Koura, a i te tau 1822 ka tonoa a
Ta Tare Mekaati ki reira hei Kawana. I whakahoa
ia ki etahi iwi tangata whenua ki reira kia kaha ai
ratou tahi ki te whakahoki i nga taua a te iwi toa, a
te Ahanati; a, i muri tata iho o tona taenga atu ki
taua whenua, i tona haerenga ki uta ki etahi o aua
iwi, ka rokohina i te huanui ratou ko ona hoia e toru
e wha rau, he mangumangu te nuinga, ka rokohina e
nga Ahanati te kau ma tahi mano, a ka mate ia i

the " Gold Coast," from the quantity of gold which
used to be found there. The Portuguese were the
first discoverers of the country lying along this coast,
known by the general name of " Guinea." As early
as 1434, one of their voyagers (Alonzo Gonzales)
being on that coast, pursued and attacked a number
of the natives, when some were wounded, as was
also one of the Portuguese. This is recorded as the
first blood shed by Christians in those parts. After
this, the Portuguese continued to send vessels on the
coast of Guinea, sometimes trading in a peaceable
manner, and sometimes capturing the natives and
making slaves of them. Many captures of this kind
are recorded to have been made in those early times
by the Portuguese. Slavery, however, has prevailed
amongst the various tribes of Africa, from time im-
memorial; and many hundreds of years before the
Portuguese embarked in that traffic, or had even
seen a woolly-headed negro, a great trade in slaves
from Guinea was carried on by the Arabs, a coloured
race inhabiting a country called Arabia, lying on the
north-east of the Red Sea.

In the year 1481, the Portuguese erected their
first fort on the coast of Guinea at Elmina, from
whence they opened a trade with the interior for
gold, ivory, and slaves. Subsequently they erected
many other forts, and for a long time kept the
whole of the trade on the coast to themselves. They
seized and confiscated all ships of other nations
which tried to hold commerce with Guinea.

About 1551 some London merchants sent out the
first English ship on a trading voyage to the coast of
Guinea, and this was soon followed by several others.
In 1555, an Englishman named William Towerson
visited the coast with two vessels, and traded for
gold, ivory and pepper. In the year 1556 he made
another trip to the same coast with three vessels ;

and again in 1557. During these voyages he was
several times attacked by the Portuguese men-of-
war, and always fought with great bravery, so that
they never could take him. From this period to the
year 1750, several companies were formed both in
England and in Holland for the purpose of carrying
on the Gold Coast trade, and both countries, with
the permission of the natives, formed settlements on
the coast. The Dutch (the people of Holland, a
country situated near Prussia and France) took
Elmina from the Portuguese about 1637, and sub-
sequently extended their possessions all along the
coast to the west, the English occupying the coast to
the eastward.

The last company formed in England for trading
on the coast of Guinea was in 1749. About fifty
years ago that company transferred its possessions
and ports on the Gold Coast to the British Govern-
ment, and in 1822 Sir Charles McCarthy was sent
to take possession as Governor. Shortly after
entering upon his duties, whilst proceeding to join
some tribes with whom he had entered into an
alliance for mutual protection against the powerful
Ashantees, he and his party of a few hundred
men, principally native allies, were suddenly
surrounded by a body of 11,000 Ashantees,
and cut to pieces. On the first attack his native
allies fled. The few British remaining fought

122

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

reira, ratou ko ona hoa pakeha, he torutoru nga mea
i puta. I te huakanga kautanga a te hoa riri, oma
katoa ana nga mangumangu, mahue ana ko nga
pakeha anake. He maha nga haora i riri ai aua
pakeha torutoru nei, he inati te maia ! Te tata mai
hoki te hoa riri. Nawai a, ka pau a ratou kariri;

katahi ka kore e taea e ratou te whakahoki i te hoa
riri; katahi ka tango ko nga peoneti, koikoi nei, hei
werowero, nawai a, ka muia tonutia ratou e te nui e
te tini o te tangata, ko te matenga i mate ai.

I taua takiwa tae noa mai ki te tau 1826 ka mahi
tonu nga Ahanati ki te whawhai ki te Ingirihi me
nga iwi mangumangu kua hoa ki a ia. Nawai i pena,
a, i te 20 o Hepetema, 1826, ka hinga te parekura
nui i Akara, he kainga no te Ingirihi. I te tima-
tanga o taua riri he nui o nga mangumangu, hoa o te
Pakeha, i oma, ko etahi i maia tonu. He maia rawa
te Kuini o Akimi me te Kingi o Akemepu me o raua
iwi, he hoa enei no te Pakeha. Ko taua Kuini
pangopango i rere rawa ki roto ki te wahi e kaha
rawa ana te riri, te wahi e pipiri rawa ana te riri, ki
reira whakahau ai i ona hoia kia kaha. I tenei wha-
whai e ono mano o te Ahanati i mate, ko to ratou
Kingi i tu kino, a i whakatakaia ia i te Kingitanga.
Ko o te Pakeha i mate, hui ki o ratou hoa mangu-
mangu, e iwa rau; i pera hoki o ratou mea tu a kiko,
hui tahi ki nga mea i ngaro noaiho. E toru te kau
nga rangatira nui o nga Ahanati i mate rawa. Ho-
mai ana he koura e te Kingi hou kia whakaaetia he
rongo mau ; tukua mai ana hoki e ia he tangata ki te
Pakeha hei mea kia mau ai te pai; i tuhia hoki e ia
tona ingoa ki tetahi pukapuka tiriti, ara he pukapuka
whakarite tikanga mo the pai; i whakahokia mai
hoki e ia te upoko o Ta Tare Mekaati, i patua i mua
ra, he kahu hiraka te takai i te homaitanga. Heoi, i
muri mai o taua riri, tae noa mai ki naianei, kua kore
he whawhai rawa i taua whenua; engari he maha nga
takahanga a nga Ahanati i nga tikanga i roto i taua
tiriti i tuhia ra e to ratou Kingi tona ingoa.

Ko nga Ahanati te iwi toa, maia rawa, o nga iwi o
Awherika. E toru miriona ona tangata, he hoia e rua
rau mano o ena miriona e toru, he toa ki te wha-
whai. Engari he kino, he nanakia, ona ritenga. E
kainga ana nga manawa e inumia ana nga toto o ona
hoa riri me ka mau i a ratou; a kei te matenga o te
tangata rangatira noaiho nei, ka patua etahi taure-
kareka hei " whakamakuku i tona tanumanga " ki te

toto ! Ki te mate he Kingi, ka mano tini nga taure-
kareka e patua ana hei pera ano !

Ko Kumahi, te tino taone nohoanga o the Kingi o
Ahanati, e tata ana ki te kotahi rau e wha te kau ma
rima maero te mataratanga atu ki uta i te taone o te
Ingirihi i Keepa Koota Kahera i tatahi; he taone
tuwhera noa ia, kaore ona taiepa kaore ona parepare.
Nga tangata; e noho ana i taua taone e wha te kau
mano. Tera nga maunga e whakapae ana i te ara
atu i tatahi ki Kumahi, ko nga Maunga o Ana-
tanahi te ingoa. I etahi maero i te taha ki uta
o tetahi awa e huaina ana ko te Para, ka timata
te paripari, te awaawa, te kino noa iho, o aua
maunga. He ngaherehere ururua, apiapi, katoa kei
aua maunga; heoi ona huanui he huanui whaiti e
haere upane ai nga tangata tokorua, tokotoru ranei.
Otira he ngaherehere katoa taua whenua katoa, he
ngarara ngau tangata, he aha noa, kai roto. He
whenua matemate ia mo te iwi Pakeha. E kore e
roa te tangata Ingirihi e noho ana i taua whenua ;

ko nga mea e noho roa ana ki reira e whakahokia
ana ki Ingarani ki reira mate ai. Ko nga kuri
rawa ano, ara nga hoiho me nga kau me nga aha atu,
e kore ano e ora ki reira. Kaore he kuri rahi ake ki
reira i te nanenane.

Ko Kawhi Karakarai te ingoa o te Kingi o
Ahanati i tenei takiwa. E ahua rite ana ona tau ki
te 37. I tu ia ki te  Kingitanga i te tau 1867. He
tangata whai matauranga rawa ia, ara ki to te tau-

bravely, and kept the enemy at bay for several
hours;  but their ammunition becoming exhausted,
they were no longer able to keep off the enemy; they
then used their bayonets, until, through the mere
pressure of numbers, they were overcome.

From this time till the year 1826, the Ashantees
continued to make attacks upon the English and
their native allies. At last, on the 20th of Sep-
tember, 1826, a decisive action was fought near
British Accra. In the early part of the action many
of the native allies ran away, but others remained
and fought bravely. Amongst these latter were the
Queen of Akim and the King of Akemboo, and their
people. This black Queen appeared in the very
hottest part of the fight, encouraging and urging on
her soldiers. In this action the Ashantees lost 6,000
men, and their King was severely wounded and de-
throned. The British and their allies lost 900
killed, and about the same number wounded and
missing. Some thirty of the principal Ashantee
chiefs were killed. The new King sought a peace,
gave hostages, signed a treaty, and returned the
head of Sir Charles McCarthy, swathed in silk cloth.
From that time no actual warfare took place till now,
although constant breaches of the treaty have pre-
vailed on the part of the Ashantees.

The Ashantees are one of the most powerful of
the African nations, numbering about 3,000,000, of
which 200,000 are fighting men, described as ath-
letic and warlike. But their customs are of the
most cruel character. They eat the hearts and
drink the blood of their conquered enemies ; and
when a free-man dies, slaves are killed to " wet his
grave." When the King dies, human sacrifices, we
are told, amount to thousands!

The capital of the Ashantee kingdom, namely the
town of Coomassie, is nearly 145 miles inland from
the British settlement at Cape Coast Castle ; it is an
open and quite unprotected town. Its population is
about 40,000. There is a range of hills, known as
the Andansee Hills, between the coast and Coomassie.
These hills are very precipitous a very few miles
beyond the River Prah, are covered with an almost
impenetrable bush, and are only passable by paths
sufficient for two or three men to walk abreast.
Indeed the whole country inland may be said to be
covered with a dense forest, which is full of venomous
reptiles. The climate is very unhealthy for Euro-
peans. Englishmen cannot live there long, and the
majority of those who do are invalided home to die.
Even animals will not live in that unhealthy climate;

the largest quadruped there is acknowledged to be a
goat.

Koffee Calcalli is the name of the reigning monarch
of the Ashantee country. He is about the age of
thirty-seven. He ascended the throne in 1867, and
is a man of remarkable ability for a barbarian who

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

123

tangata tona matauranga, ki to te tangata kaore |
ano i akona ki nga matauranga o te ao. He
kiritea ia, ratou katoa ko ona whanaunga. He
nui ona wahine, he mea tika hoki ki te ture o nga
Ahanati kia nui he wahine ma te Kingi. He mea
kopare katoa ona Kuini, ara ona wahine, kia kore e
tirohia o ratou kanohi e te tokomaha. Ki te titiro te
tangata ki tetahi o aua Kuini i te wa kua mahue tona
kopare, ka poroa tona kaki. E whakaarotia ana ka
taea e taua Kingi te huihui kia kotahi rau e rima te
kau mano tangata hei hoia whawhai haere mana.
Otira e ki ana, mehemea hei whakaora i tona tino
taone, ka taea e ia te toru rau mano tangata, engari,
he nui o ena e kore e haere whenua, ka noho tonu i
roto i te taone whawhai mai ai. E hara i te mea e
mate nuitia ai e te tangata te turanga rangatira mo
nga hoia a te Kingi, e tu ai hei Tienara ; no te mea
ka kore ia e kaha me ka haere ki te whawhai, ka kore
e oti i a ia nga kupu a te Kingi i tohutohu ai, kei te
hokinga mai ki te kainga ka whakamatea ia, ka poroa
tona kaki. No konei ka nui te kaha ka nui te
kakama, o nga Tienara o te Ahanati i roto i te
whawhai, mona hoki kei mate. Nga pu a te Ahana
ti he hakimana roroa, ngutu parera nei; takirima
putu e ono inihi te roroa o te kohatu o aua pu.
He koikoi hoki tetahi rakau a taua iwi, takirima
tae ki te ono putu te roroa; ko te maripi roroa kei te
tatua e mau ana. He pahau roroa o te Ahanati ona
pahau, na reira i mohiotia ai i roto i nga iwi maha o
taua whenua. E mea ana ratou e kore e rawe te
tangata pahau kore hei toa riri.

Tena pea kua rongo o matou hoa, Maori ki te
whawhai a te Ingirihi ki nga Ahanati katahi ka mutu
ake nei. I te tau 1871 ka tukua katoatia e te iwi
Tati ki Ingarani ona kainga katoa i te Takutai
Koura, hui atu ki te taone o Eremaina ; he whaka-
ritenga ano na ratou ko te Kawanatanga o Ingarani.
- Ko nga iwi e noho ana ki te taha ki tatahi e huaina
katoatia ana ko nga Panati. Ko o ratou whenua he
mea tiriwa katoa, he Kingi kei tenei wahanga, he
Kingi kei tera wahanga. I whakahoa te Ingirihi ki
aua Kingi, a i whakaae kia awhinatia ratou kei mate
i o rato u hoa riri o mua, ara ko nga Ahanati. I
muri mai o te nohoanga o aua iwi i raro i te maru o
Ingarani (i mua atu hoki), e tikina tonutia mai ana,
e patua tonutia ana e nga Ahanati; a inaianei rawa
ano kua patua haeretia o ratou kainga e Amangua
Tia, he rangatira toa taua no te Ahanati, kua huaki
mai hoki ki a matou hoia i roto i to ratou pa i Keepa
Koota Kahera. Na, ki te kore matou e pai kia
whakarerea o matou takiwa i te Takutai Koura, heoi
tona tikanga he whawhai, he whakakore rawa i te
hianga o nga Ahanati kia kore, kia tau ai hoki he
pai he oranga i taua takutai mo nga takiwa e takoto
ake ana; ara e rua tonu nga tikanga—he whawhai;

he oma ranei. Heoi nga tino tikanga i hiahia ai a
Ingarani ki te pupuri i ona kainga i te Takutai
Hauauru o Awherika, i muri mai o te wa i whaka-
mutua ai te mahi hokohoko tangata, ara i te tima-
tanga o tenei rau tau e haere nei, heoi ona tikanga
he tupato kei timataria ano ki reira taua mahi hoko
tangata hei taurekareka, he whakahau i nga mahi
hokohoko tika a Ingarani e rangatira ai te tangata,
he tiaki hoki i nga kai hokohoko. Kua kore rawa he
herehere e taea ana i te Takutai Koura inaianei e
nga iwi katoa atu o te ao ; na ka kiia tena mahi kua
mutu i reira. Kua takoto te kupu no Ingarani kia
awhinatia nga iwi Panati me nga Ingirihi e noho ana
i taua takutai, i uta hoki; no konei te Kawanatanga
o Ingarani ka mea me whakamana tonu e te Kingi o
Ahanati nga whakaritenga me nga tikanga i whaka-
aetia e ia ki te Ingirihi. No reira, i te tau kua taha
nei, ka tukuna atu i Ingarani te taua hoia i a Ta
Kanete Worirei ki taua whenua, he mea kia mohio ai
nga Ahanati ki te mana o Ingarani, kia tu ai ko te
mana o Ingarani anake; hei whiu hoki i a ratou mo

has never been educated. He and all his family are
distinguished by the lightness of their complexion.
He has many wives, the Ashantee laws allowing a
monarch any number. His Queens all wear veils, so
that their faces may not be seen in public. Should
an Ashantee look on one of the Queens when un-
veiled, he is at once beheaded. It is believed he can
bring into warfare and offensive operations an armed
force of 150,000 men. But for the defence of his
capital, it is said he could nearly double that number
of men, most of whom would then act on the defen-
sive only. The "post of leader or general in the
Ashantee army is not a most desirable position,
inasmuch as when the army enters upon a campaign,
the general has certain directions to follow, which, if
not carried out, will most probably subject him to
the penalty of immediate execution on his return.
The generals, therefore, are usually very active and
vigorous. The arms carried by the Ashantees are
long muskets, the length of the barrels being about

5 feet 6 inches. They also carry pikes, about 5 or

6 feet long, and long knives in their girdles. The
Ashantees wear very large beards, and are thus easily
distinguished from the neighbouring tribes. A
heardless Ashantee is reckoned as unfit for a war-
rior.

Our Maori friends, we have no doubt, have heard
something of the war against the Ashantee nation,
which the English have just concluded. In 1871,
the Dutch, in pursuance of a treaty with the British
Government, made over to the English their posses-
sions on the Gold Coast, including the town of
Elmina. The tribes living on the coast are known
by the general name of the Fantees. Their country
is divided into several territories, each under a
separate king. The English entered into a treaty
with these kings, and promised to protect them from
their ancient enemies the Ashantees. Since these
tribes have been under British protection, they have
been constantly invaded by the Ashantees; and
lately the Ashantees, under a powerful chief named
Amanguah Tia, have ravaged the Fantee territories,
and attacked our soldiers in their principal fort at
Cape Coast Castle ; so that, unless we were willing
to throw up our possessions on the Gold Coast, it
was necessary to act at once on the offensive,
thoroughly defeat the Ashantees, and so obtain some
probability of future security and peace on that
coast; in plain words, to fight or run. Ever
since the slave trade was given up, in the be-
ginning of the present century, the principal
reasons for keeping up the settlement on the
West Coast of Africa have been to prevent all future
efforts to re-establish the trade in human flesh, the
encouragement of British commercial enterprise, and
the proper protection of the interests of traders. It
is a fact that no foreign nation imports negroes from
the Gold Coast; therefore the slave trade may safely
be pronounced as having become comparatively ex-
tinct on the coast. The word of England was pledged
to assist the Fantees and English residents on the
coast and in the interior; so the British Government
determined to coerce the Ashantee King into a strict
observance of the treaties he had entered into with
the English. An army was therefore sent out last
year, under Sir Garnet Wolseley, for the purpose of
making the British rule, and the British rule alone,
felt by the Ashantees ; to inflict punishment for past
surprises and treachery ; and to do whatever might
be found necessary to create a permanent power, in
order to guard against reprisals of any description.

124

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

nga kohurutanga maha o mua atu, hei whakatakoto 1
tikanga hoki e tumau ai te mana o Ingarani ki reira,
e kore ai ratou nga Ahanati e ahei te tutu me te pata
tangata a muri ake nei.

Kua whawhai ke i mua atu o te haerenga atu o
nga hoia i taua rangatira, i a Ta Kanete Worirei, ki
reira; kua timata hoki e nga Pakeha te mahi rori ki
Kumahi. He maha nga kainga o te Ahanati kua
tahuna ki te ahi, he nui o ratou tangata kua mate. I
ahua tokoiti o te Ingirihi ona tangata i mate i te pu
i tu a kiko hoki, engari he tohomaha i mate noaiho i
nga mate o tera kainga, i te piwa i te aha. Kotahi te
apiha no tetahi kaipuke manuwao i haere me ona
heramana i runga i nga poti ki te tirotiro i te awa i
te Para, katahi ka puhia mai ratou e nga tangata o
tetahi kainga i te tahataha e huaina ana ko Tiama. I
tu kino rawa taua apiha, me etahi ano hoki o ana
tangata; kotahi te tangata o ratou i mate rawa, e
whakamatau ana ki te haere ki uta, katahi ka
hopungia e te mangumangu ka tapahia atu te upoko,
pororere ana. No muri ka tahuna rawatia taua
taone e te Ingirihi, hei whiu mo te kohuru.

I te marama i a Hune, i te tau kua taha nei, ka
whakapaea te pa hoia ki Eremaina e te taua no nga
Ahanati, e toru mano te tangata o taua taua; i
tuaratia ratou e nga tangata o te taone ki te " Taha
Kingi" i taua kainga ano. Katahi ka haere atu a
Kanara Petingi i Keepa Koota Kahera ki te whakaora
i a ratou ; i tere tonu tana haere i te po, ratou
ko ona hoia—e 30 maero te roa o te ara i haere ai.
Ko te 12 o Hune te rangi i tae atu ai. Katahi ka
tonoa o ia nga pu a nga Ahanati kia tukua katoatia
mai, kaore ratou i whakaae, Katahi ia ka whakahau
kia puhia te taone e nga kaipuke manuwao, a kotahi
tonu te kuata haora i puhia ai ka pakaru katoa.
Katahi ka whawhaitia e ia te hoa riri i te wahi parae,
watea. Ona tangata i whawhaitia ai, ko nga mea i
haere atu i a ia he tokoiti marire, me nga heramana
e toru rau e rima te kau no runga kaipuke, me ona
hoa mangumangu ano. Katahi ka whawhai. Anana!
ka kitea te toa o te tangata. Nawai i kaha, a ka
whati nga Ahanati; mahara noa kua mutu. Otira i
whakahokia mai te hoa riri e ona rangatira, huaki
ana ki Epotu, he kainga i waho atu o Eremaina.
Hoki rawa mai kua ruwha rawa te Pakeha, e mahi
ana hoki i raro i te ra tikaka o Awherika i a Hune
(he raumati). Hei aha ma ratou? Katahi ka tikina
e te whana o te Pakeha ka puhia, te whakamarotanga
o nga kauae o te hoa riri, te ai he korikoringa mo te
Pakeha, muia ana e te Ahanati. E riri tonu ana te
riri ka tae-ake tetahi rangatira heramana me ona
tangata 275, ko te Wera tona ingoa. Kaore i kitea
e te Ahanati te haeretanga mai a taua whana, e ware
ana hoki ki te riri. Katahi ka whakamarara i ona
tangata ka huaki te pupuhi ki te Ahanati. Hohoro
rawa ana ta ratou pupuhi, ri ana tera te rere o te
mata ! Ponana ana te hoa riri i te ohotatatanga o taua
huakanga, ko tona whatinga i whati ai. Katahi ka
whaia e te katoa o te Pakeha me ona hoa tangata
whenua; e whati atu ana "me te pupuhi haere ; he
mea ano ka whakahokia mai e nga rangatira, katahi
ka tu mai ka pupuhi mai; muri iho ka riro ano ka
whati ano. Nawai i penei, a ka mate rawa ; ka tae
ki te tapa o te ngaherehere ka papahoro atu ki ro
ngahere. Ko te parae i oma ai i kapi katoa i o ratou
tangata mate i te whenua e tawheta ana. Ko nga
Ahanati i mate rawa i tenei whawhai i rite tonu te nui
ki nga Pakeha katoa atu i uru ki roto ki taua riri.
•Ko to ratou rangatira, tienara nei, i poroa tona kaki
i muri nei, mo tona kore e kaha ki te riri—na te
Kingi te tikanga.

I te maramara i a Hepetema ka rere atu a Ta
Kanete Worirei i Ingarani. He nui nga kaipuke,
me nga hoia, me nga paura, i riro i a ia; au atu ana
ratou ki Keepa Koota Kahera i te 2 o nga ra o
Oketopa i te tau kua hori nei. I te 4 o nga ra o

Previous to the troops under Sir Garnet Wolseley
being sent out, fighting had been going on for some
time, and the English had commenced making roads
to Coomassie. Several villages were burned, and the
Ashantees lost many men. The English killed and
wounded were comparatively few in number, but
many succumbed to the unhealthiness of the climate
and the attacks of fever. An officer (Commodore
Commerell) in command of several boats from a
British-vessel of war (the "Rattlesnake"), whilst
surveying the River Prah, was fired upon by the
natives of a village called Ghamah. The officer was
severely wounded, as were several of the officers and
men under his command, and one sailor was killed in
attempting to land, and his head cut off. In punish-
ment ior this, the town of Chamah was subsequently
burned by the English.

In the month of June a force of 3,000 Ashantees
besieged Elmina Castle, supported by the inhabitants
of the " King's Quarter'' of Elmina. Colonel Festing
made a smart night march from Cape Coast Castle
to relieve them—a distance of about thirty miles by
the coast. He arrived there on the 12th of June,
and immediately ordered them to surrender their
arms, which they refused to do. He then ordered
the town to be bombarded by the ships, and in a
quarter of an hour it was destroyed. Then with 350
sailors and marines, and a force of native allies
(Houssas), he attacked the enemy on an open plain.
The Ashantees, after a stout resistance, retreated in
confusion, and the affair was supposed to be over, but
the enemy returned in full force and attacked Effotoo,
a suburb of Elmina. The British, though terribly
weary, (for all this occurred under a burning African
sun in June) immediately advanced again, but being
outflanked by the Ashantees could scarcely move.
At this juncture Lieutenant Wells of the Navy came
up with 275 men. The enemy, being too busily en-
gaged, did not observe his approach. He extended
his men in skirmishing order, and opened a rapid fire
upon them. They were staggered by this unex-
pected attack, and quickly retreated. Colonel Festing
ordered a general advance, and a running fight en-
sued across a salt plain, the enemy attempting to
make a stand occasionally, till they were completely
defeated and driven into the bush, leaving the plain
strewed with their dead bodies. The number of the
Ashantees slain on this occasion equalled the whole
number of Europeans engaged. The chief or general
who commanded them was afterwards beheaded by
order of the Ashantee King, for having lost the
battle.

In the month of September, Sir Garnet Wolseley
sailed from England with a powerful fleet and a
large quantity of ammunition, and arrived at Cape
Coast Castle on the 2nd of October last. On the 4th
of October he had a meeting with the kings and

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

125

Oketopa ka huihui nga rangatira me nga Kingi o
nga iwi Panati ki te whakarongo ki ana korero, ki a
te Worirei. Tana kupu ki a ratou, ko te aruaru atu
ia i nga Ahanati i o ratou kainga i te tuatahi, muri
iho ka kawea e ia te whawhai ki roto ki nga rohe o te
Ahanati. Ka ki hoki ia ko nga pa hoia a te Kuini
e pineke haere ana te tu i tatahi e kore rawa e taea
e te taua, ahakoa tini noa te tangata hei tiki mai, a
mehemea ka puritia e te Kuini ona hoia ki roto ki
aua pa noho ai, tona mutunga ka matemate katoa
nga iwi Panati i nga Ahanati. Na, mo ratou te take
i uru ai te Ingirihi ki roto ki aua raruraru, he mea
kia whiwhi ai ratou ki nga pai o te maramatanga,
kia noho ai hoki ratou i runga i te rangimarietanga
me te ngakau hari. No reira ia ka mea he mea tika
kia puta rawa to ratou kaha hei whakaora i a ratou
ake ano hoki. I ki ia kia whakaaturia e ratou ki a ia
te tokomahatanga o a ratou tangata e taea ai e ratou
te tuku mai ki roto ki te whawhai, a ma te Kuini te
kai ma ratou e hoatu. Ka timata te whawhai e kore
rawa ia e pai ki te tangata haua, wehi, i roto i te riri;

me whakarongo pu hoki te katoa ki ana tohutohu, e
kore rawa ia e pai kia taringa-turitia tetahi o ana
kupu, paku noa nei; ki te kore e pera e kore hoki e
taea e ia, te whakahaere i te whawhai kia ata taea
tona tutukitanga. Tetahi, kua pouri rawa te Kuini
i tona rongonga ko etahi o nga iwi e hoa ana ki te
Pakeha kua whai ki te tikanga kohuru kino, nanakia
rawa, a nga Ahanati, ara te tapatapahi i nga mea kua
mate me te whakamate kau i nga herehere. E kore
ia e pai ki tena; a ki te tohe tonu ratou ki aua
tu mahi kino, mahi kohuru, he wehenga tena i te
whakaaro pai o te Ingirihi ki a ratou.

Na, i muri i tena, ka arumia ka whakahokia nga
Ahanati, ka whakaritea nga tikanga mo te haere ki
Kumahi, te tino taone o te Ahanati. A i te tahi o
Hanuere kua hori nei ka tae atu a Tienara Worirei
me ona hoia ki te awa ki te Para. Kua kotahi pea
to ratou haora ki reira ka tae mai nga tangata a te
Kingi o Ahanati, he kawe mai i nga reta a te Kingi,
he tono kia houhia te rongo. Ka ki atu a Ta Kanete
Worirei ki a ratou, kia tae rawa ia ki Kumahi hei
reira ia korero ai ki a te Kingi ake ano, katahi ka
hoki aua tangata. I te 5 o nga ra o Hanuere ka
tae ake te matua a nga heramana, ka whakawhiti
i te Para.

E kore e taea e matou te korero i te haerenga ki
Kumahi me nga parekura i te ara, he inati rawa
etahi o aua parekura. Kati nei he korero ko tenei,
ahakoa te kino o te whenua, te whawhai a te hoa
riri, me te matemate o te tangata i nga mate o tera
whenua, ahakoa enei mea, i te 4 o nga ra o Pepuere kua
tae atu te Pakeha ki Kumahi, kua riro hoki te taone.
Kua rima nga ra i whawhai ai a Tienara Worirei ka
taea te taone—he inati rawa te whawhai, he kaha
rawa. Ko te Kingi i whati atu ki tahaki tata noho
mai ai. Ko tona kupu i tukua mai, hei te 5 o nga ra
ka haere mai ia ki Kumahi ki te tuhituhi i tona
ingoa ki te tiriti mo te houanga rongo—ara he
pukapuka whakatakoto tikanga e mau ai te rongo.

Otira ki hai i tae mai; kaore ia i kitea e Tienara
Worirei kia whakaritea atu he tikanga mo te mau o
te rongo. Nawai a, ka tahuna e ia, e te Worirei, te
taone o Kumahi, he whawhai ki te hoki mai, kua tata
rawa hoki ki te takiwa ua. Tona hanga o te takiwa
ua ki Awherika., he maringi tonu mai, e kore e mutu-;

mutu, ngaro katoa ana te whenua i te wai. He nui
ano nga hoia i waiho marire ki muri hei tiaki i
te kainga, ko Kapene Karawa to ratou rangatira.

Ko nga korero o taua riri i tae mai ki muri nei, o
ki ana kua whakarerea e nga Ahanati a ratou pu, ko
te Kingi kua tuhituhi i tona ingoa ki te pukapuka
whakatakoto tikanga e houhia ai te rongo, kua wha-
kaae hoki ia kia homai ki te Ingirihi kia rua rau
mano pauna mo ona hara—ko etahi o aua moni kua

chiefs of the Fantee tribes. He told them that it was
his intention first to drive the Ashantees out of their
territories, and then to carry the war into the
Ashantee country. He said the line of forts which
Her Majesty holds along the coast were so strong as
to be able to bid defiance to any force whatever, and
that were Her Majesty to keep her troops within her
forts, the result would be the entire destruction of
the Fantees by the Ashantees, and that therefore it
was in their interest only that the English intervened
in those disputes, to enable them to enjoy the bless-
ings of civilization, and to live in peace and happi-
ness. It was, therefore, he said, for them to do the
best they could for their own preservation. He
desired them to state what force each of them could
place in the field, and Her Majesty would supply
them with provisions. Once in the field, he would
have no flinching, and there must be throughout the
most prompt and absolute obedience to his orders,
without which it would be impossible for him to
carry on the war successfully. Her Majesty, he
said, had learned with pain that her allies had in
some cases imitated the ferocity of the Ashantees, by
mutilating the dead and murdering prisoners. This
he would not allow; any recurrence of such fero-
cious conduct would quite alienate the good-will of
the English.

After this the enemy were driven back, and pre-
parations were made for an advance upon Coomassie,
the capital of the Ashantee kingdom. General
Wolseley and the British forces under his command
reached the River Prah on the 1st of January last.
About an hour after his arrival, he was met by
ambassadors from the King of Ashantee, bearing
letters asking for peace. Sir Garnet Wolseley said
that he would treat with the King himself at Coo-
massie, whereupon the ambassadors returned. On
the 5th of January the Naval Brigade came up and
crossed the Prah.

We cannot here give a description of the march to
Coomassie and the various battles fought, some of
which were very severe. It will be sufficient to
say that, notwithstanding the inaccessibility of the
country, opposition of the enemy, and sickness of the
men, Coomassie was reached and occupied on the
4th day of February. General Wolseley had had
five days' hard fighting before he obtained possession
of the town. The King retired and located himself
close by, sending a message that he would visit Coo-
massie on the 5th to sign a treaty of peace.

General Wolseley, however, was unable to obtain
an interview with the King to negotiate the treaty of
peace. At length he was compelled to burn Coo-
massie, and to make a speedy return march, as the
rainy season was approaching. In Africa, during the
rainy season, the rain pours down in torrents without
intermission, and the whole country is flooded. A
strong party was left behind under Captain Glover.

The latest news is that the Natives have laid down
their arms, and that the Ashantee King has signed a
treaty of peace and has agreed to pay two hundred
thousand pounds to the British, a considerable portion
of which he has already paid. The English troops
have been withdrawn, and it is to be hoped there

126

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

riro mai inaianei. Kua whakahokia mai nga hoia o
Ingarani, a hei pai kia kore he whawhai he raruraru
i te Takutai Koura a ko atu. Heoi.

MURIMOTU.

Ko NGA KORERO enei i korerotia i te hui ki Wha-
nganui i te 4 o nga ra o Aperira 1874 mo Murimotu,
mo te rohe i waenganui o Whanganui, na Meiha
KEEPA. ratou ko nga hapu o Ngatikahungunu ki
Nepia, ki a RENATA. TE KAWEPO, me nga tangata
o Patea o Taupo hoki.

Ko nga rangatira enei i tae ki taua hui, ara,
ko Meiha Keepa, ko Mete Kingi, ko Haimona, ko
Tahana Turoa, ko Aperaniko, ko Kawana Paipai,
ko Te Wirihana Puna, ko Hakaraia Korako, ko
Wiremu te Tauri, ko Te Mawae, ko te Wunu, ko
Aperahama Tipae o Ngatiapa, ko Renata te Kawepo,
ko Paora Kaiwhata o Ngatikahungunu, me nga
Pakeha ano i tae ki taua hui.

Ka tu a KEEPA RANGIHIWINUI ka mea ia;—Whaka-
rongo mai e Whanganui, nga tangata o Murimotu.
Ko te take i karangatia ai e au to tatou tuakana a
Renata te Kawepo kia tae mai ki konei, he kupu
nana ki au i a matou i Po Neke. I mea mai ia ki au
kia korero maua anake mo Murimotu. Heoi, wha-
kaae atu ana ahau ki a ia. I mea ahau kia tae mai
taua kupu a maua ki a koutou, ma koutou, ma te iwi
nui tonu, e whakaae, e pai ana. Heoi, whakaaetia
nei e koutou kia karangatia a Renata ki konei. Na,
koia tenei kua tae mai nei ia, me o tatou hoa Pakeha,
hei whakarongo i tenei raruraru, i tona mutunga, i
tona pewheatanga ranei.

Na, whakarongo mai e taku hoa e Renata. Katahi
ano ahau ka korero i aku tino korero kia koe mo to
taua korero mo Murimotu inaianei, me o taua hoa
Pakeha e whakarongo mai nei.

Taku kupu tuatahi ki a koe. I mua i tu ano tetahi
hui nui ki Kokako, i Akuhata, 1860, mo tenei
whenua mo Murimotu. I hui katoa mai a Ngatika-
hungunu ki a koe, a Ngatitewhiti, a Ngatitama, a
Taupo, me etahi atu hapu e pa ana he reo mo ratou
ki taua whenua. Ka mea a Hori Kingi i taua hui
kia takoto he rohe mo nga wahi i ona iwi, i a Wha-
nganui, me ona hapu kei riro e te tahae a tetahi iwi, a
etahi hapu ranei. Ko te take tenei i mea ai taua
kaumatua kia rohea nga wahi i a Whanganui, kia
motu ke mai i etahi iwi, hapu ranei. Ka whakata-
kotoria e ia tona rohe. I timata mai i Makohine,
rere tonu i roto i te awa o Rangitikei, tae noa atu
ki te Puau-o-Hautapu, rere tonu i roto i te awa
o Hautapu tae noa atu ki te awa o te Namunui, ka
whiti ki te taha ki te Rawhiti o Hautapu, ka rere atu
ki Pokaingarara (he awa ano), ka rere atu ki Nga-
waka, rere atu ki Otutepou, rere atu ki Mangarauta-
whiri, he awa ano, rere tonu i roto i taua awa tae
noa atu ki Tikirere, ho awa ano, rere tonu i roto i
taua awa tae noa atu ki Moawhanganui, rere tonu i
roto i taua awa, ka ahu mai ki runga o taua awa, tae
noa atu ki Moawhangaiti, he awa ano, e ahu ana mai
ki te Hauauru nei. Heoi, rere tonu ana i roto i
Moawhanganui tae noa atu ki Orongotaua, rere atu ki
Huriwaka, rere atu ki Tauna-a-Tara, rere atu ki te
Waiu, rere atu ki te Pou-a-Hauiti, rere atu ki
Manaiako, tae noa atu ki te Puau-o-Mangaio, ka
whati mai ki uta ki te taha ki Tongariro, mau noa
mai ki Paripokai, rere atu ki Nga-Roro-o-Taiteariki i
te Onetapu, ka whati mai ki Hangaitanga ki wae-
nganui o te tihi o Ruapehu. Heoi ko te rohe tenei a
Hori Kingi i whakaatu ai ki nga iwi katoa, i ki ake ra
au i te hui ki Kokako. Heoi, kaore he tangata i tu
mai ki te whakahe i taua rohe a Whanganui i taua
ra, o nga iwi katoa i tae ki taua hui. Na, inaianei e
Renata, ko taua rohe ano te rohe mo to tatou

will be no more disturbance of the peace on the Gold
Coast.

MURIMOTU.

NOTES of Meeting held at Putiki, Whanganui, be-
tween Major KEEPA, of Whanganui, and RENATA
KAWEPO, of Napier, on 4th April, 1874, to decide
question re disputed Tribal Boundary Line of
Murimotu.

THE Chiefs present were—Major Keepa, Mete
Kingi, Haimona, Tahana Turoa, Aperaniko, Kawana
Paipai, Wirihana Puna, Hakaraia Korako, Wiremu
te Tauri, te Mawae, Wunu, Aperahama of Nga-
tiapa, Renata Kawepo, Paora Kaiwhata of Ngatika-
hungunu, and also various Pakehas who attended
the meeting.

Major KEMP RANGIHIWINUI, arose and said:

Listen, Whanganui and the people of Murimotu.
The reason why I have invited our brother Renata
Kawepo, is on account of what he said to me when we
were in Wellington. On that occasion he proposed
that we should endeavour to settle the Murimotu
question between ourselves. I agreed, and told him
at the same time that when this decision reached
you—the whole tribe—it would be for you io con-
sider and determine it. You did so, and thereupon
agreed to invite him here. Therefore he and our
Pakeha friends have come to listen to all that is to
be said respecting this difficulty, and see whatever
may be done in the matter.

Now my friend Renata, consider what I am about
to say. I will now explain more fully to you and
our European friends present, the subjects mentioned
to you (in Wellington) respecting Murimoto.

The first thing I have to say is, that a large meet-
ing was held at Kokako, in August, 1860, for the
purpose of discussing this difficulty re the Murimotu
land. Your people, Ngatikahungunu, also Ngatite-
whiti, Ngatitama, the Taupo people, together with
other tribes who had an interest in that land, were
present. Hori Kingi said that a boundary line
should be made for the purpose of securing to his
people, the Whanganuis, their portion, lest they
should be deprived of same by other tribes or hapus.
That was the old chief's reason for wishing to have
the boundary line defined, and to have the land
separate from that of other tribes or hapus. This
was the line laid down by him:—Commencing at
Makohine; from thence up the Rangitikei River till
it reaches the mouth of Hautapu; up the river of
Hautapu till it reaches Namunui, where it strikes off
to the east of Hautapu; from thence to Pokaingarara
(a stream), to Ngawaka, to Otutepou, to the Manga-
rautawhiri stream, up the said stream till it reaches the
Tikirere stream, up the said stream to the Moawha-
nganui stream, up the said stream to Moawhangaiti
stream, where it branches off towards the west. From
Moawhanganui it runs to Orongataua, from thence to
Huriwaka, from thence to Tahuna-a-Tara, to Waiu,
to te Pou-a-Hauiti, to Manaiako, till it reaches the
mouth of Mangaio, where it strikes off towards
Tongariro; thence towards Paripokai, to Nga Roro o
Taiteariki at Onetapu, where it strikes off towards
Hangaitanga up the spur of Ruapehu. This was the
boundary line set down by Hori Kingi before the
tribes above mentioned who were present at the
meeting at Kokako. Not one person from among all
the tribes assembled there came forward to object to
this boundary line of the Whanganuis on that day.
Now, Renata, I consider that we should adhere to
this boundary as a boundary for the land in question

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

127

whenua, hei rohe tuturu tonu, hei rohe mai mo oku
iwi ki tera taha. Ko tetahi kupu aku, ma taua
anake te ruri mo tenei wahi, ara, mo tenei rohe, e
ruri a mua ake nei ina tae atu ki te wa e rite ai i a
taua. Na, ko nga tangata o roto o nga hapu o tou
taha e whai take ana ki etahi wahi kei roto i te taha
kei au nei, ma ratou e haere mai ki au, me aku hapu,
tangata hoki, ata whakariterite ai mo nga wahi i whai
take ai ratou. Heoi, ki te whai take hoki etahi
o nga tangata, hapu ranei, o te taha ki au, ki etahi
wahi kei roto i te taha kei a koe, na, ma ratou
e haere atu ki a koe, me o tangata, hapu ranei, ata
whakariterite ai

Na, kua kite nei taua i a taua i tenei ra i runga i
te whakaaro rangatira pai, o te rangimarie hoki; kia
u a taua kupu, kia pono, kia whai mana ai hei
tohu pai ma taua. Mau e arai atu nga tangata katoa
o te taha ki a koe, kei haere mai ano ratou ki te
whakararuraru i ta taua mahi; ka pena hoki ahau ki
nga tangata o te taha ki au, kia oti ra ano ta taua
ruri te mahi ka hoatu ai ki a ratou te ritenga o a
ratou kainga, i te mea ka takoto pai nga tikanga.
Heoi, ki te whakararuraru tetahi tangata i tenei
korero a muri ake nei o te taha ki a koe, e kore au e
mea na wai, ka mea tonu ahau nau ano tenei mahi.
Na, me whakawatea atu e koe nga hipi, nga kau, aha
noa atu ranei e haere ana i tenei taha o tenei rohe
kua kiia ake nei e au ki te taha ki a koe, kia kore ai
taua e raruraru; kia oti ra te ruri katahi ano ka pai
te haere o nga kararehe katoa. Ka pena hoki ahau
ki toku iwi kia tiaki i a ratou hipi me nga kau, kia
kaua e whiti atu ki tua o tenei rohe. Heoi, ki te rite
enei kupu i a koe ka pena hoki ahau. A ki te tukuna
mai e koe au tangata kia mahi aua i tetahi mahi kino
ma ratou ki runga ki taua whenua, akuanei e kore e
taea e au te pupuri mai nga tangata hoki o te taha
ki au. Heoi ano aku kupu tuturu mo tenei hui. Ka
noho ahau inaianei ki te whakarongo i au kupu.

RENATA KAWEPO, ka mea; E tika ana nga korero
a te Keepa e ki nei, i to matou korerotanga i Poneke,
ko maua anake ko te Keepa hei whakahaere i taua
raruraru mo Murimotu, kia rite ai maua, hei tangata 
mohio ia, he tangata mohio au. Na, ko nga korero a
te Keepa e korero nei ia e pai ana. I mea au kia
kaua ahau e tu ake ki te whakahoki i to korero, kia
tu mai ai ano koe ki te tono ano i au kia whai kupu
atu, no te mea ki taku titiro atu ka nui to puka mai
kia wawe au te tu atu. E pai ana to korero e korero
nei koe mo te rohe, me o korero katoa e ki nei koe.
Na, mo te rohe nei, ko taku tino kupu, ma taua anake
e ruri tenei wahi, ara, tenei rohe katoa. Ko te wahi
hei ata whakarite ritenga ma taua, hei nga wahanga
o nga rohe nei, te rohe ki Te Roro-o-Taiteariki me
Makahikatoa. Ko taua wahi i waenganui i aua rohe
e rua me waiho tena ma taua e ata whakarite te
ritenga. Heoi ano te wahi pakeke ki au o tenei rohe.
Ko nga wahi katoa e marama ana te nuinga mai o te
rohe, ko tenei anake te wahi e hengia ana. Ko taku
mohio hoki ki tenei rohe i whakatakotoria ai e Hori
Kingi, me Whanganui, me nga iwi katoa i tae mai ai
ki te Hui i Kokako i te tau 1860, he rohe arai atu i
nga mahi tutu, o te Motu nei, i te mahi Kingi Maor],
i te mahi hoko whenua tahae a tetahi iwi, hapu ranei
i te kainga o tetahi tangata. Na reira hoki ahau i
mea atu ai kia koutou i Kokako, he aha to koutou
aroha i mutu mai ai i te Kiekie nei ? Na, ka kumea
e au ki Kauwhanga taua rohe, ma te Hirawanui e
kukume atu ki ana wahi i pai ai. Na, mo nga hipi
e korero nei koe. E tika ana ko nga hipi a Topia;

nga mea kaore au e pai kia noho i reira, ko nga hipi
pakeha. Mehemea na ratou ake ano a ratou hipi e
pai ana; na ko nga hipi, naku, na tatou ano ena hipi,

to be a permanent one, to divide my tribes and people
from your side, and yours from my side. Another
word of mine is, that the question of the survey of
said land rests with you and me to decide (in so far
as this boundary is concerned), and let it be done at
some future time, as maybe decided between us. Let
persons among your hapus having an interest in lands
on my side of the boundary, come to me and to my
hapus to settle their claims ; and let those of my
people having an interest in the land on your side, go
to you and settle their claims.

We have seen each other here to-day face to face,
as becomes chiefs, and in a spirit of peace and
good will towards one another that will tend to
establish our words and authority, and remain as a
mark of the good feeling existing between us. It
will be for you to hold your people in subjection, lest
they come forward and interfere by disarranging our
plans, and I will do the same as regards my own
people. When we have decided the question of
survey satisfactorily, we shall then give them power
to deal with their own portions. If any person be-
longing to your side should come forward hereafter
and interfere in this matter as arranged between us,
and cause trouble, I will not ask who it is, for I shall
conclude immediately that it is your doing. I shall
require you to remove the stock which are at present
on the land on this side of the boundary, in order
that there may not be any trouble. When the sur-
vey is completed, it will then be right to place cattle,
sheep, &c., on the land. I will act in the same
manner with regard to my own people, by refusing
to allow any stock to cross over the line. If you
fulfil all these conditions, I am quite prepared to
do the same. If, however, you permit any person
from among your people to go upon the said line and
do some wrong deed, I shall not be able to restrain
my people from doing the same. This is all I have
to say. I will now listen to any remarks you may
have to make.

RENATA KAWEPO : What Kemp says is right with
respect to our conversation in Wellington, when we
decided that we alone should endeavour to settle the
Murimotu difficulty, because he is a man of intelli-
gence, as I am. I agree with what he has said: his
words are good. I thought at first I would not rise
to reply until you had again risen to ask me to do
so : but I perceive you are very anxious for me to
speak. What you have said respecting the boundary
is good, as is everything you have said. With respect
to the boundary, I am entirely agreeable that we
alone should carry out the survey of this boundary
line between us. The piece of land which we shall
have to consider carefully, in my opinion, is that
situated on the one side towards Te Roro-o-Taitea-

riki, and on the other towards Makahikatoa. The
piece which is situated between the said boundaries
had better be held in abeyance, to be settled between
us at some future time, because it is the only piece
about which there is any difficulty along the whole
line. All the rest is clear. My opinion with regard
to this boundary line, as laid down by Hori Kingi,
the Whanganuis, and other tribes who assembled at
Kokako in 1860, is, that they intended it as a
boundary to shut out the troubles then existing in
the island, the Maori King movement, and the dis-
honest sale of other men's land by other tribes or
people. I therefore asked you, at that meeting, why
did your considerate love stop at Te Kiekie ; Where-
upon I had the boundary extended to Kauwhanga,
leaving Hirawanui to extend it further to where he
pleased. With respect to what you have said about
the sheep, there can be no objection to Topia's
sheep : those which I will not allow to run there aro

128

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

e pai ana Ida haere ano i runga i te whenua. Ki te
mea hoki he hipi a koutou ake, pai noa atu ki te kawe
ki runga noho ai. Ko te hipi na te pakeha te mea e
kore au e pai atu ; me te reti na te pakeha i te whenua,
e kore au e pai atu. Na reira i katia ai e au nga
moni a Topia Turoa mo te reti o taua whenua. Na,
mo to kupu e ki nei koe kia puritia atu e au nga
tangata o te taha ki au kei haere mai ano ki te whaka-
raruraru ano i ta taua mahi. E tika ana tena kupu
au. E kore rato u e pena, notemea ko au anake te
tangata hei ki kia kino, ka kino, maku e ki kia pai,
ka pai. Kaore he tangata kei muri ake i au. Na,
engari kia rite hoki ia koe o kupu e korero nei koe;

ki te kore, e kore hoki au e kaha ki te arai i oku
tangata, akuanei ka hianga tahi. Heoi enei kupu.
Na, kua tae mai nei au ka mohio mai koutou kaore
he pouritanga tahi kei ko atu i tenei. Mehemea i
noho atu ahau ka tahi ano koutou ka mohio, a ara
atu ano te hiku. Kua tae mai nei au, ina tatou e kai
nei, e moe tahi nei me koutou. He pai tenei no
tatou.

Ko nga take enei hei whakariterite ma Meiha
Keepa raua ko Renata Kawepo.

1. Kia whakatumautia te Rohe i whakatakotoria
e Hori Kingi i te Hui ki Kokako i te tau 1860.

2. Ko nga tangata i roto i nga hapu o te taha ki
a Te Keepa ka kitea e whai take ana ki etahi wahi
kei roto i te taha ki a Renata, ma ratou e haere atu
ki a ia, a mana e whakarite. Ko nga tangata hoki o
te taha ki a Renata ka kitea e whai taki ana ki etahi
wahi kei roto i te taha ki a Te Keepa, ma ratou e
haere atu ki a ia.

3. Ko Te Keepa anake hei kai whakahaere mo te
taha ki Whanganui; ko Renata Kawepo mo te taha
ki Heretaunga. Ko nga raruraru katoa e puta ake
ana i roto i nga whai taketanga a nga tangata me
tuku atu ki a raua hei whakariterite.

4. E whakaae ana a Te Keepa mana e arai atu nga
tangata katoa i te taha ki a ia kei haere ratou ki te
whakararuraru i ta raua mahi. E whakaae ana hoki
a Renata. Kawepo mana e arai atu i nga tangata i te
taha ki a ia kei pera hoki ratou.

HE WHARANGI TUWHERA.

Ko nga Pakeha matau ki te Reo Maori e tuhi mai ana ki
tenei nupepa me tuhi mai a ratou reta ki nga reo e rua—te reo
Maori me te reo Pakeha ano.

Ki a te Kai Tuhi o te Waka Maori.

Werengitana, Mei 7, 1874.

E HOA,—I whakaaro au tera pea e ahuareka o hoa
Maori kia rongo korero ratou o nga whenua me nga
kainga e haerea ana e nga tangata me nga meera ina
rere atu i konei ka rere ki Ingarani, ka rere mai
ranei i Ingarani ki rawahi nei. No reira tenei ka
whakaatu au i roto i tenei reta te ahua me nga
tikanga o te ara tawhito ra Panama me te ara hou
ra Hana Paranahiko i Kariponia.

Tera pea he tokomaha o tatou kai te mahara ki
nga tima nunui, ataahua, i rerere i mua ai i waho
atu o te tahatika o to tatou motu, i mua o te
rerenga roa e rere ai aua tima ki Panama: ara, ko
te Ruahine, te Mataura, te Kaikoura, me te Piriniha
Arapeta; otira ko tenei i muri nei he mea waiho
noa hei riwhi ina pakaru tetahi o era. I huaina
aua tima ko te Panama raina, ara ko te ara ra
Panama. Ko Oparo (Rapa) te motu tuatahi hei
unga atu ina rere atu i konei. He motu iti marire
ia, e 500 maero te mataratanga atu i te taha mara-
nagai-ma-tonga o Tahiti. E 30 maero te taia-
whiotanga o tenei motu ; ko etahi wahi i tino rewa
ki runga, me ona puke keokeo e kokiri ake ana ki

the Pakehas' sheep. If their sheep were their own
property, it would be right (to send them away) : but
the sheep are mine, they belong to us (to our own
race) : it is proper that they should run on the land.
And if you also have sheep, of your own, it will be
quite proper to put them there. It is the Pakehas'
sheep to which I object; and I will not consent
to the Europeans' leasing the land in question, there-
fore I stopped the payments which were being made
to Topia for rent for the said land. With regard to
your request that I should restrain my people from
disturbing our arrangement, it is right. They will not
interfere, because I am the only person to direct
them, either for bad or good. There is none beside
me. Do you, therefore, carry out what you have said:

if you fail, I shall also fail in restraining my people,
and we shall get into a contention. This is all I
have to say. I have come here among you, and you
may therefore judge that there will henceforth be no
ill-feeling between us. Had I absented myself, you
would have had cause to suppose that something
hinged upon it. But I am here : we are eating and
sleeping in company with each other, and all is well.

The following are the principal arrangements, re
Murimotu difficulty, to be carried out by Major
Kemp and Renata Kawepo:—

1. That the boundary as given by Hori Kingi at
the Kokako meeting in 1860 be adhered to.

2. That any Whanganui people having individual
claims on the Napier side are to submit their claims
to Renata, to be by him adjusted : and that any of
Renata's people claiming on Kemp's side (of the
boundary), are to submit their claims to Kemp for
adjustment.

3. That Major Kemp alone represent Whanganui,
and Renata Kawepo the Heretaunga tribes; and
that all questions in dispute in reference to their
claims be submitted to them.

4. That Major Kemp on his part prevent any
interference by his people : and Renata Kawepo also
pledges himself to do the same with respect to his
people.

OPEN COLUMN.

European correspondents who have a knowledge of Maori
are requested to be good enough to forward their communi-
cations in both languages.

To the Editor of the Waka Maori.

Wellington, 7th May, 1874.

SIR,—Thinking that it might probably interest
your Maori readers to hear something about the
different places through which passengers and mails
have to pass in going from here to England, and vice
versa, I have, in the following letter, given a short
description of some of them, both by the old line by
Panama and the present one by San Francisco.

A great many of us, no doubt, remember those
handsome steamers that were wont to ply up and
down our coast before proceeding on the longer
voyage to Panama. I mean the " Rakaia," <( Rua-
hine,', <( Mataura," " Kaikoura," and " Prince
Alfred; " the latter vessel, however, only being kept
as a reserve in the case of the breaking down of any
of the former . These vessels composed what was
called, the Panama Line. After leaving this coast
the first port of call was at a small island called
Oparo (or Rapa), situate about 500 miles to the
south-east of Tahiti. This island, about thirty miles
in circumference, is very high in parts, with pecu-
liar peaks running up to high points, and so narrow

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI

129

te rangi, me te ngira nui whakaharahara te ahua ina
tirohia atu i tawhiti. E ahua kakariki mai ana te
ahua o taua motu me ka tata atu te kaipuke, he
makuku hoki no te rangi i era takiwa o te ao. Kaore
he tokomaha o te tangata i taua motu; ko etahi o
ratou no Tahiti, ko etahi no etahi motu iti e tutata
ana ki taua motu. Ko Oparo e pera ana ano me
Tahiti, hei raro i te mana o te Wi Wi aua motu taua
rua. I whakaritea taua motu hei tauranga unga mo
nga tima ki reira uta waro ai, he roa rawa hoki no
te moana e takoto mai ana i Panama haere mai ki
Niu Tirani nei—ara, e rima mano e wha rau maero.
He nui rawa nga nanenane kei taua motu, tona tini
ahua ke ahua ke, te mea nui te mea iti. Hokohoko
ai e o reira, tangata ki te utu iti noa nei, te kau tonu
kapa mo te nanenane, ahakoa he mea rahi he mea iti
ranei. Ko etahi o nga heramana taitamariki o te
tima i haere ai au ki reira i whakaaro kia nui he utu
mo a ratou moni, a tangohia ana e ratou ko nga
nanenane nunui, ara ko nga " piri," tane nei, mo a
ratou moni te kau kapa kia ea ai. Ko te tukunga
iho o tena whakaaro, raru aua ratou. Kaore i maha
nga ra i te moana kua hiahia ratou kia patua etahi o
aua nanenane hei kai, a patua ana; ko te whaka-
matauranga atu ki te kai kihai rawa i taea, he maro
no nga kiko, he piro hoki, whiwhiua katoatia ana ki
te moana.

Te rerenga atu i Oparo ka tika tonu atu nga tima
ki Panama. Ko taua taone, a Panama, e tu ana i te
taha ki roto rawa o tetahi kokorutanga kei pahaki
tata atu, ki te taha nota, o te wahi e hangai ana ki
waenganui pu o te ao nei, a ko tetahi ia o nga
kainga e nui atu ana te kaha o te ra i to nga kainga
katoa o te ao. He nui te mango kei te moana i
tera wahi o Amerika, a e kore e ora te tangata ki te
kaukau noa atu, hei ro taiepa kaukau ai katahi ka
ora. He nui nga ika ahua ke atu kei taua moana, he
reka rawa etahi ki te kai. He nui hoki nga manu
kei taua whenua: otira e hara i te mea waingohia te
pupuhi, i te ururua me te apiapi o te ngaherehere;

tetahi, i te wera o te ra, e kore nei hoki te tangata
Pakeha e puta ki waho haereere ai.

He kainga matemate a Panama. Te take, i te
hotoke he riringi tonu tana hanga ta te ua puwera-
wera, te whitinga iho o te ra ka haere ake te mamaoa
o nga otaota pirau hei mate mo te tangata, ara hei
piwa. O tira e kore a Panama e rite ki Korana te
kino, kei tera whaitua a Korana; ko Ahipiniwara
tetahi ona ingoa, ki ta te Amerikana i ki ai, ara ko
nga tangata o Amerika. Kei reira te piwa tino kino
rawa, he kino rawa atu i nga piwa katoa o te ao katoa,
a e puta auau tonu ana i Korana, he nui hoki nga
tangata e mate rawa ana, he " iero piwa" tona ingoa.
Ko tetahi tenei o nga take i whakamutua ai te hae-
renga o aua tima ra te ara ki Panama, he wehi no nga
tangata eke kei pangia ratou e taua mate. Ko tenei
taone o Panama he mea hanga ki runga ki tetahi wahi
raorao e kokiri atu ana ki roto ki te kokorutanga.
E hara ia i te taone nui rawa, e hara i te mea rite
tona nui ki to te whakaaro e mohio ai mo te taone
kua tu noa atu. Te take, he mangere no ona tangata,
he he hoki no te whakahaere o ona Kawanatanga, he
whawhai tonu ki a ratou ano. He maha nga whare
karakia o taua taone tona rahi tona iti, ko te nuinga
no te hahi o Roma. Ko etahi atu whare nunui kaore
i maha, a me i kore te nui o te haere o te tangata, me
te hari o te taonga ra reira, kua kore noa iho taua
taone, kua hamoemoe katoa ona tangata.

I mua rawa ai, kua maha nei nga tau kua pahure
atu, i tu te taone tawhito i tetahi wahi, i te taha
whaka-te-tonga, kotahi te kau maero te mataratanga
atu i tenei wahi e tu mai nei te taone hou ; na tetahi
Kapene whanoke, kai muru rerere i te moana, i tiki 
muru i nga taonga, i tahu i te taone tawhito ki te ahi,
ko te Mokena tona ingoa. He takiwa tena e whawhai
ana a Ingarani raua ko Peina. E korerotia ana i taua

that they almost remind one of gigantic needles in
the distance. It presents a very green appearance
on approaching closer, on account of the humidity of
the atmosphere in these latitudes. There are not
many inhabitants on the island, and those who are
there are mostly Tahitians and Natives of the neigh-
bouring small islands. Oparo is under the French
Protectorate, the same as Tahiti. It was made a port
of call by the steamers for the purpose of coaling, as
the voyage, former from Panama to New Zealand, a distance
of 5,400 miles, was so long. The island abounds with
goats of all sizes and descriptions, the Natives selling
them very cheaply—a franc (ten-pence) each, for
any size. Several of the younger sailors belonging
to the vessel in which I called there thought they
would get the most they could for their money, and
therefore chose large " billy " goats for their francs.
After being at sea a few days, thinking they would
like some fresh meat, the goats were killed, but
of course the flesh was so rank as to be perfectly
uneatable, and had to be thrown away.

From Oparo the steamers proceeded direct to
Panama. This town, which is situated a little to
the north of the equator, at the head of a deep bay,
is one of the hottest places in the world. The waters
about this coast (central America) abound in sharks,
so much so that it is never safe to bathe, except in
some enclosed place. There are many varieties of
fish, many of them excellent eating. Birds are also
numerous, but it is almost impossible to shoot them,
on account of the density of the forests, and the heat
during the day rendering it a trying matter for
Europeans to move about.

Panama is not a healthy place, as, during the
winter months, or rainy season, torrents of warm rain
descend, and the sun, occasionally coming out, causes
unhealthy vapours to arise from the decayed vegeta-
tion, which produce fevers. But Panama is not so
bad as Colon on the other side of the Isthmus, or
Aspinwall, as the Americans call it. There yellow
fever frequently breaks out, and is very destructive
to human life. It was greatly owing to this that this
line of steamers ceased running, as passengers
would not run the risk of catching the fever.
The present town of Panama, which is built upon
a flat jutting out into the Bay, is not a very large
place when we come to think of its age. But this is
principally owing to the indolence of its inhabitants,
and bad Governments embroiling it in internal wars.
It abounds in churches of all sizes, mostly Roman
Catholic; but it has few other public buildings, and
if it were not for the immense traffic passing through,
it would indeed be a sleepy place.

Many many years ago the town was situated about
ten miles to the south of where the present one
stands, but a great pirate, or buccaneer, as they were
called in those days, named Morgan, came and burnt
down and robbed the place. This was at a time
when England was at war with Spain. All the
Spanish towns (they were all Spanish then) on this
coast, at that: time, were reported to be very rich, and

130

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

wa he nui nga taonga o nga taone katoa o te Paniara
i taua takutai (no Pema aua taone katoa i taua wa),
he nui hoki te koura kei taua whenua. Otira e kiia
ana kaore i whiwhi nui a te Mokena me ana tangata
ki te koura e ea ai ta ratou mahi uaua, me o ratou
mate nui i te mahi whawhai haere, i roto i te ngahere-
here kino, ki nga Paniara puta noa ki tetahi taha o te
kuititanga o Panama.

E toru te kau tonu maero te whanui, i te wahi tino
whaiti, o te kuititanga o te whenua o Panama nana i
mawehe nga moana nui e rua a te Ataranatiki me te
Pahiwhiki. Kua oti noa atu, i era tau, te rerewe
ki reira, puta noa ki tetahi taha ki tetahi taha; he
nui hoki te haere o te taonga me te tangata i taua
rerewe, no te mea e tukua ana ki uta i tetahi taha
nga utanga o nga tima me nga kaipuke noa atu hei
mahi ma te rerewe ki te kawe ki tetahi taha, he ara
tukutata rawa tenei i tera ra Keepa Hone, te ara
tawhito. E wha te kau maero te roa o te rerewe,
engari he nui nga tau i mahia ai ka oti, i te mate-
mate hoki o nga tangata i te kino o tera whenua.
Na te Pakeha i timata te mahi, a ki hai i taea e ratou
i te matemate tonu; no reira ka tikina he Haina-
mana hei mahi, ko nga kai-whakahaere he Pakeha, a
oti ana. E kiia ana ko nga tangata i mate rawa i te
mahinga o taua rerewe i rite ki nga kurupae (neke
nei) i whakatakotoria mo te rerewe te maha.

He taone iti marire a Ahipiniwara, kei te taha o te
moana Ataranatiki e tu ana. Ko te nuinga o nga
tangata o reira he mangumangu, e mahi ana i runga
i nga waapu rerewe me nga kaipuke. E kore e roa
te noho ki reira a nga tangata haere, no te mea e tae
kau mai ana ka rere tonu mai ki Panama i runga i
te rerewe. Ko nga tima e rere atu ana i Ahipini-
wara ki Ingarani, e whakau atu ana ki Hameika.
He moutere nui tenei no Ingarani. Ko te taonga
nui e mahia ana ki reira he huka. Hui katoa nga
ra o te rerenga atu i Niu Tirani ka rere ki Ingarani,
ka rima te kau ma rua tae ki te ono te kau nga
rangi.

Nui atu te pai o te ara hou i tera ara tawhito, ara
te ara hou ra Hana Paranahiko, whiti atu i Amerika
i runga i te rerewe : he tere hoki no te haere, he
hohoro no te tae atu. Ko te wahapu tuatahi e u ai
te tima, ina rere atu i Akarana, ko Kanawau, he motu
iti o Piitii; ko reira tutaki ai ki te tima mana e
mau nga meera me nga tangata e haere ana ki
Aatareeria. Otira ko tenei e korerotia nei he hoki
rawa ki Ingarani, na ka rere tonu te tima ka u ki
Honoruru, te tino taone o nga motu o Oahu, o
Hawaii (ko enei motu e patata ana ki Amerika).
Tena kua rongo o tatou hoa Maori ki enei motu. Kua
maha nga unga a Kapene Kuka ki reira ; ko tetahi
ia o nga Pakeha tuatahi i tae mai ki Niu Tirani nei.
I mate ia ki reira, he mea kohuru na nga tangata
whenua, he tautohetohe ohorere ake no ratou. He
taone ataahua noa iho a Honoruru i tenei takiwa;

pai ana tona wahapu, tu ora ana te kaipuke i roto,
engari he whaiti marire te putanga. Otira e araitia
ana e te tahuna i pai ai, i kore ai e puta te ngaru-
ngaru ki roto. He huinga mai hoki tenei no nga
kaipuke patu weera katoa o te moana Pahiwhiki ki
te uta kai, wai hoki, ma ratou. I etahi takiwa e tu
pipiri tonu ana te tu o nga kaipuke ki reira i te
kiki; tera e ahei te tangata ki te haere ra runga i
aua kaipuke haere ai a tae noa atu ki uta, i te pipiri
hoki o te kaipuke.

He iwi rangatira, mohio, nga tangata whenua o aua
motu, he mohio rawa te nuinga o ratou ki te korero
pukapuka, ki te tuhituhi pukapuka. Ko te tu o te
tangata e ahua rite ana ki nga Maori, otira kaore i
rite ki nga Maori te tupu o te tangata, ara te nui o
te tinana. He tere rawa ratou ki te kauhoe. Ko te
mahi tino ahuareka ki a ratou he kaukau ki ro te
wai, he ruku i roto i te ngaru, he aha. He nui te
ika kei taua moana; he mohio rawa hoki aua tanga-

the country to abound with gold : but historians say
that Morgan did not get sufficient gold to pay him
and his men for the immense hardships they had
encountered in fighting their way across the Isthmus
through the dense forests.

The Isthmus of Panama, which divides the two
great oceans, the Atlantic and the Pacific, is only
thirty miles across in its narrowest part. A railway
has been formed across it for some years, on which
there is a great amount of traffic, as steamers and
sailing vessels discharge their cargoes on one side to
be conveyed across to the other by the railway; this
being so much shorter a way than going round Cape
Horn. The railway, forty miles across, was a long
time building, owing to the unhealthiness of the
climate. Europeans first tried it, but they failed,
and were obliged to employ Chinese, with European
overseers, to lay it. It is said that a man died for
every sleeper that was laid on the railway.

Aspinwall is a little place on the Atlantic side, the
inhabitants of which are principally negroes, who are
employed about the railway wharfs and shipping.
Passengers never remain here, as there is a train
always ready to take them through to Panama on
their arrival. The homeward bound steamer from
here touches at Jamaica on the way. This is a large
island belonging to England. It is principally noted
for the production of sugar. The whole voyage from
New Zealand to England usually occupied from
about fifty-two to sixty days.

The present route by San Francisco and across
America, is far preferable to the old one, on account
of the time it saves, the passage being much shorter.
The first port of call after leaving Auckland is Kan-
davau, a small island of the Fiji group,' from
whence a branch line conveys mails and passengers
on to Australia : but, being homeward bound, we
proceed on to Honolulu, the principal town of the
Sandwich Islands. Of these latter islands, I am
sure many of our Maori friends must have heard,
because they were called at several times by Captain
Cook, one of the first Pakehas who visited the shores
of New Zealand. It was at the Sandwich Islands
that he met with his untimely death, which was
owing to a misunderstanding with the Natives.
Honolulu is now a very pretty flourishing little town,
with a very safe harbour, but a very narrow entrance.
It is protected from bad weather, however, by a bar.
It is here that all the whale ships from the Northern
Pacific come to provision and water. Sometimes the
harbour is so full of them that you can almost walk
on shore from the deck of one to the other, they lay
so close together.

The natives are a fine intelligent set of people,
generally being able to read and write well. Physi-
cally, they greatly resemble the Maoris, although
they are not so large of stature. They are splendid
swimmers, bathing and diving through the surf being
a favourite amusement of theirs. Fish abound here
also, and the natives make excellent fishermen, form-
ing their own nets out of a sort of reed. The Pakeha
inhabitants, mostly American and English, have very

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

181

ta ki te mahi ika, a ratou kupenga he mea whatui ki
te mea ahua rite ki te kakaho. Ko te nuinga o nga
Pakeha o taua taone he Ingarihi, he Amerikana. He
papai noaiho o ratou whare me a ratou kaari, na
reira hoki i pai ai te taone i te tirohanga atu i

tawhiti.

Ka rere atu te tima i Honoruru ka u ki Hana
Paranahiko, ko te rerenga whakamutunga tenei i
runga i tenei moana i te Pahiwhiki, ko te tutukitanga
tenei ki Amerika. He taone nui tenei, a Hana
Paranahiko, kei Amerika, he taone whai rawa; kei
taua whaitua ano e tu nei a Panama, engari kei te
taha rawa atu ki te nota; ko te Kawanatanga he
mea ke i to Panama, ara ko te Kawanatanga ano o
Amerika. Ko te whanga tunga kaipuke o tenei
taone tetahi o nga whanga nui rawa o te ao katoa ;

o ana te mano tini kaipuke ki roto. Kua huaina te
tapokoranga atu ki taua whanga ko te " Keeti
Koura." He toka kei tetahi taha o taua tapoko-
ranga, he puke teitei kei tetahi taha. Ka nui te
ataahua o taua whanga ina tirohia atu i waho, no te
mea e kitea rawatia atu ana te pito ki roto rawa. Ko
te ahua o roto e ahua rite ana ki Po Neke nei,
engari ko te taone e hangai ana ki te tapokoranga
atu. He motu kei waenganui o te whanga, he pa hoia
kei runga e tu ana, ara he whare pu repo hei puhanga
mai ki te tapokoranga. He pukepuke oneone te
turanga o te taone; ko te whenua momona kei nga
tahataha o tetahi awa nui e heke ana ki roto ki taua
whanga, ko te Hakarameneto te ingoa. He whenua
rongo nui a Kariponia (ara, ko taua whenua nei ano)
mo te pai me te pakari o te witi e tupu ana ki reira,
kaore he witi o te ao e pai ake ana. Ahakoa he
taone nui a Hana Paranahiko, he taone hou ano ia.
I mua ai he kainga iti ia, no nga Paniara; na te
kitenga i te koura i muia ai e nga tangata o luropi,
a ka nui haere i muri nei, inaianei ko tetahi ia o nga
tino taone o Amerika.

I konei ka mahue te tima, ka eke nga tangata, ka
utaina nga meera ki runga ki te rerewe kua oti
nei te hanga i enei tau kua taha tata ake nei puta
noa atu ki tetahi taha o Amerika—he inati taua
mahi, he nui. Ka pehea ranei te whakaaro o
nga hoa Maori ki te whakatakotoranga o tetahi
rerewe, nui noa atu i tenei i Po Neke nei, ra
runga i etahi maunga huka teitei rawa ki te
rangi; he mea ano ka pokaia ma roto tonu i
etahi, i raro i te whenua, me te mea e tapoko atu ana
ki te reinga (i etahi wahi he mea hanga ki te whare,
tu a tawharau nei, i runga i te raina o te rerewe, kei
tanumia te ara e te huka tanuku no nga hiwi i te
hotoke) ; katahi ka haere i runga i nga mania roroa
kaore e mohiotia te mutunga, e haerea ana i mua ai
e te tia, e te pawharo (ara he kau puihi), me te tini
noa atu o te kuri koraha; inaianei ka kitea ki reira he
whare karakia, he kura, he paamu, he kainga, he aha
noa atu. Ta tenei iwi pai hoki, ta te Amerikana.
Ka haere atu i Hana Paranahiko ka ono rangi e rere
ana i te rerewe ka tae ki Niu Iaka—e toru mano
maero te roa.

E kore au e korero i te ahua o Niu laka. Heoi
taku kupu, he tino taone nui whakaharahara ia no
nga Amerikana, kei te taha ki te moana Ataranatiki
e tu ana. Hei konei ka eke nga tangata ki te tima
rere tika tonu atu ki Ingarani. Hui nga rangi
katoa e rere atu ana i Niu Tirani ra tenei ara ki
Ingarani, ka 49 rangi.

- Heoi, kua oti tenei e au te whakaatu i etahi o nga
kainga e haerea ana e te tangata haere ki rawahi ;
engari he pai kia haere etahi o nga hoa Maori ki
Ingarani apopo ake nei, kia ata kitea e ratou aua

kainga.

Na to hoa,

NA J. K.

pretty houses and nice gardens, and altogether the
town presents a pretty appearance from all points.

From Honolulu the steamers' last trip in the Pacific
is to San Francisco, a large and flourishing American
town on the same coast a long way north of Panama,
but under a different Government, the United States
of America. It possesses one of the finest harbours
in the world, capable of holding any number of ships.
The entrance is through what is called the Golden
Gate : a passage between rocks on one side and high
hills on the other. It presents a picturesque appear-
ance on entering, as one is able to see the far end of
the harbour from outside. In shape it is not unlike
Port Nicholson, but the town is on the opposite side
of the entrance. There is an island in the middle,
upon which is built a strong fort. The town is built
upon sandy hills : but on the banks of the Sacra-
mento, a large river emptying itself into the harbour,
is excellent land. In fact Californian wheat is cele-
brated as being some of the finest in the world. San
Francisco though so large is comparatively a young
place. It was first a small Mexican settlement, until
the great news of the gold in the country brought so
many people from Europe, since then it has been
steadily increasing and is now one of the first cities
in America.

It is here that passengers and mails are transhipped
to the railway which has been lately completed across
America, an immense undertaking. What would our
Maori friends think of taking a railway much larger
than we now have here at Port Nicholson, right over
and under in some parts, immense snow clad ranges;

in fact snow sheds have to be built over the line in.
many parts to prevent the trains being stopped by
snow drifts during the winter months: then across
plains which appear of interminable length, and
which but a short time ago were teeming with deer,
buffalo, and all sort of wild animals; but now in
their place is to be seen churches, schools, farms,
and flourishing villages. Such is the energy of the
American people. The passage by train from San
Francisco to New York occupies about six days, a
distance of 3,000 miles.

New York I will not attempt to describe. Suffice
it to say, that it is an immense city belonging to the
United States, and on the Atlantic coast. From here
passengers again take steamer for England. The
whole journey from New Zealand to England by this
route occupies about 49 days.

I have now shortly described some of the principal
places passed through; but I hope that some day
some of our Maori friends may take a trip to Eng-
land and see these places for themselves.

I am, sir, &c.,

J. K.

134

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

Aperira, te 21 o nga ra. I

He nui rawa nga Maori me nga Pakeha i huihui
i tenei rangi ki a te Kawana. He Maori Kuini nga 
Maori.

Te mahi tuatahi he whawhai-whakatakoro, hei
whakaahuarekatanga. Ko tetahi whana i runga
waka, ko etahi i uta.

Katahi ka matakitaki te Kawana ki nga hoia
Pakeha me nga hoia Maori.

Muri iho kai runga a Meiha TE WHEORO, ka whai
3d ki a te Kawana;—" Haere mai e Ta Hemi Pakitini,
te Kawana; me te Kawana o Teehimeenia, me o korua
hoa i haere mai nei i a korua! Haere mai i roto i te
mana kua tukua ki a korua e to tatou Kuini aroha!
Haere mai ki Niu, Tirani kia kite i nga iwi e rua e
noho ana i enei motu kua hipokina nei e te maru o
te Kuini i te timatanga mai ra ano. I whakatako-
toria he tikanga i te oranga o nga rangatira kaumatua
o nga iwi Maori o enei motu. Haere mai ki Waikato,
Ma kite i enei iwi me nga rangatira o tenei
wahanga o te iwi nui o Waikato, e noho
tahi nei me o tatou hoa Pakeha i roto
o Waikato. Hiahia ana, wawata ana, te ngakau
kia mau tuturu tonu te whakaaro pai e mau
nei i a tatou, me te mea he tuakana he teina e noho
ana i runga i te, rongo mau me te rangimarietanga.
He koanga tenei, he haringa, no matou nga iwi e rua
ka kite nei i a koe i tenei wahi i huaina ko Ngarua-
wahia, te huinga o nga awa e rua a te Waipa me
Horotiu, e hui atu ana ki te tino awa ki te Waikato.
Hei ritenga taua awa mo nga iwi e rua, me waiho to
raua huinga hei ture mo raua tahi. Kei konei te
tanumanga o tetahi tino rangatira kaumatua o Wai-
kato, ara ko te Wherowhero; he tangata hapai ia i te
mana o te Kuini. He iwi nui a Waikato, he nui ona
rangatira i mui ai; no reira te ki, ' Waikato taniwha
rau!' Ko te matua tenei iwi nana i whakakite i te
oranga ki nga iwi i etahi atu wahi o te motu nei, ara
nana i whakatakoto he tauira mahi kai ma ratou, me
era atu mahi ahu whenua, i te oranga o aua kaumatua
rangatira. No muri i o ratou matenga ka puta etahi
mahi nana nei i whakararuraru i te motu, no reira ka
heke te toto, ka wehea tenei iwi; ko tetahi wahanga
i haere ke atu, e kiia nei he Hau Hau, a ko o ratou
whenua i tangohia; ko tetahi wahanga o te iwi kei
konei tonu e noho ana, e piri tonu ana ki nga ture
me nga tikanga i tukua mai e te Kuini kia whaka-
haerea e nga iwi e rua o tenei motu hei oranga mo
raua. He tika ano ia, i mua tukupu ana te kapua
pouri i tenei motu, otira na te whakahaere tupato na
te whakahaere pai a enei Minita o to Kawanatanga i
mahea ai, kua mahea nei, nga kapua pouri i etahi

wahi o te motu; a heoi te hiahia nui o te ngakau
inaianei ko te rangimarie kia tau ki runga ki era
wahi o matou me era tangata whanaunga o matou
kua wehea atu nei i a matou. Engari ko to tuatahi-
tanga mai tenei ki konei hei maramatanga mo o iwi
e rua Ida haere ai i te ara tika nga mea i hipa ke ki
te ara pikopiko, kia kore ai e kiia a muri ake nei e
haere ana ratou i te ara kopikopiko, kia kore ai he wehi
e pa mai ki a ratou, ara kia tau ai ano te aroha me te
rangimarietanga ki nga iwi e rua, kia watea ai nga
ringa ki te mahi i te whenua, me era atu mahi ahu
whenua. Kia marama hoki o ratou whakaaro ki te

whakahaere i te parau, kia taea ai te ata whakaaro
i nga tikanga e hiahiatia ana e to Kawanatanga hei
oranga mo te motu katoa, ara kia tuturu tonu
te rongo mau i te motu nei. Ka nui to matou koa
ki a koe ka tae tuatahi mai nei kia kite i a matou.
Tena koutou ko to wahine ko Reri Pakitini me o
korua tamariki. Kia ora koe, kia ona roa koe i te ao
nei. ( Haere mai e te manuhiri tuarangi. Na taku
potiki koe i tiki atu ki te tahatu o te rangi.' Haere
mai! Haere mai! korua ko te Kawana o Teehimee-
nia. Ahakoa he Kawana ia no tera motu, kotahi ano
te ture, kotahi ano te Kuini. Haere mai koe te

21st April.

There was a large number of Natives and Euro-
peans present to-day to meet the Governor. The
former were all friendlies.

The proceedings commenced with a sham fight—
one body of the Natives in canoes, and the others
on land.

The Governor then inspected the Engineers, Con-
stabulary, and Native Contingent.

Major TE WHEORO addressed His Excellency the
Governor, as follows:—

"Welcome, Sir James Fergusson, Governor, and
the Governor of Tasmania, and you, other guests,
who accompany you ! Come in the authority which
our beloved Queen has given to you. Come to New
Zealand to see there two races that inhabit these
islands, over which the Queen's protection has been
from the commencement. When the old chiefs of
the Maori tribes of these islands lived, certain arrange-
ments were made in those days. Come to Waikato
to see these tribes and their chiefs of this division of
the great Waikato tribe, who are living together with
our European friends in the Waikato. It is earnestly
hoped that the good-will which at present exists
between us may continue as if we were elder and
younger brothers in peace and harmony. It is a
source of pleasure to us, these two races, to meet you
here on this spot which is called Ngaruawahia, where
the two rivers meet—the Waipa and the Horotiu,
whose confluence is the main river, the Waikato.
Let it, therefore, be compared to the two races, and
let their union be the one law for both. There is here
the tomb of one of the principal and venerable chiefs
of the Waikato—namely, Te Wherowhero, who was
one of the supporters of the sovereignty of our
Queen. The Waikato was a great tribe, and it had
a great number of chiefs in bygone times—hence the
saying,' Waikato of the hundred chiefs. This was
the parent tribe who gave life to people in other
parts of the island, by showing them an example in
following agricultural pursuits, while those old chiefs
were yet alive. After their decease other proceed-
ings arose which disturbed the peace throughout this
island, the result of which was blood was spilt, and
this tribe divided, and one party went away and are
now called Hauhaus, and their lands were confiscated;

and the other portion of the tribe is still here, and
continues to adhere to the laws, &c., which were
placed over them by your Queen, to be carried out by,
and also for the protection of, both races in this island.
It is true this island was once enveloped in dark
clouds, but through the careful and good administra-
tion of the present Ministers of your Government,
the dark clouds have been cleared away from some
parts of the island, and the only thing now that we
earnestly hope is, that peace should alight on those
places, and on those relatives of ours who are at
present separated from us. You have, however,
come here for the first time, as a light for your two
people, to guide entirely in the right path those who
have taken a crooked one, so that it may not be said
hereafter that they are in the crooked way, so that
there may be no cause for alarm between them—i.e.,
to restore confidence between the two races, and
that the hands may be at liberty to till the soil and
perform other works of industry. That their thoughts
may be free to guide the plough, so that the things
which your Government wish to be fulfilled for the
advantage of the whole land—that is, by the estab-
lishment of permanent peace—may be considered.
We are greatly rejoiced at your coming to see us for
the first time. We greet you and your wife, Lady Fer-
gusson, and your children. We wish you health and
long life. ' Welcome, illustrious stranger! It was
my beloved son who drew thee from beyond the sky.
Welcome I welcome ! you and the Governor of Tas-

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

135

manuhiri kia kite i enei iwi e rua kua whakakotahitia
nei. Tena koe.

' Toia mai te waka, kumea mai te waka,
Ki te urunga te waka,
Ki te takotoranga i takoto ai te waka!'
Haere mai te Kawana!"

Kai runga ko MOHI TE RANGIORA., ka panui i te
korero nei na :—

"He karanga tenei ki a koe. Haere mai e te
Kawana kia kite i o iwi e rua, te Pakeha raua ko te
Maori. Haere mai, hei matua tiaki koe i a matou.
Homai te marietanga me te pai, kia iwi kotahi ai nga
iwi e rua nei i roto i te takiwa o to Kawanatanga e
Kawana ai koe. Ma te Atua koe e tohutohu i runga
i to mahi whakahaere tikanga, mana hoki e tuku mai
he pai ki a koe i roto i te takiwa e noho ai koe i
tenei motu. E whakawhetai ana matou e whakapai
ana ki a te Kuini mo tona tukunga mai i a koe ki
konei hei matua mo nga iwi e rua e noho ana i tenei
motu. Haere mai e te matua; haere mai ki uta ki
to whenua. Heoi. Na o hoa aroha e noho ana i
Waikato."

Ko nga rangatira enei i tae ki taua hui, ara:—
Mohi Te Rongoniau, Te Wheoro, Tamati, Te Oho
Pikia, Te Raihi, Wiremu Patene, Nini Kukutai, Te
Kuri, Hami Ngaroka, Hori Te Whana, Hone Te
One.

Ko Hone Te One anake o aua rangatira kaore i
korero, ko etahi katoa i whai korero ki a te Kawana,
he karanga ki a ia, he whakapai tonu atu.

Katahi te Kawana ka korero i nga korero ki raro
iho nei. Ko te Make ki te whakamaori atu ki nga
Maori, ara:—

" E MEIHA TE WHEORO, koutou ko ou hoa. E hari
rawa ana au ki taku taenga mai ki roto ki a koutou,
ka kite nei au i nga tangata pono o te iwi o Waikato
i hoa tonu ki a matou o mua iho. E hara tenei i to
kitenga tuatahi i a te Kawana. Kaore i tawhiti
rawa te takiwa i tae mai ai to mua ia au (a Kawana
Powene) ki a koutou whakahau ai kia pupuri tonu
koutou ki te tika ki te pai, korero ai hoki ki te
whakaaro pai o te Kuini ki a koutou. Ko tenei i
haere mai ko ahau hoki ki te whakapuaki i aua kupu
ano, ki te whakawhetai atu hoki ki a koutou mo to
koutou, piri pono mai ki a matou me a koutou mahi
kaha ki te awhina i a matou, ki te ki atu hoki i te
kupu aroha tonu o te Kawanatanga ki a koutou. He
pouritanga tenei, he mea whakaaroha, ki a au, te mea
kua puta nei i etahi o koutou, ara ko te tokoiti o nga
tangata o tenei wahi o te whenua. E hara i te mea
ngaro ki au te take o tenei wehenga pouritanga o te
iwi. Me puta he kupu kotahi maku ki a koutou nga
tangata e hoa ana ki a matou, he kupu kotahi hoki ki
era kua wehea atu i a koutou. E noho tahi ana
koutou i roto i a matou; e mohio ana koutou ki o
matou ture me a matou tikanga katoa atu, e mohio
ana hoki koutou he hiahia to te Kawanatanga kia tika
tana whakahaere kia tuturu ai ki a koutou nga taonga
me nga aha atu e tika ana kia tuturu ki a koutou ; e
mohio ana hoki koutou ko koutou tahi ko te Pakeha
e tiakina ana e o matou ture. He maha nga mea pai
i mauria mai e matou—nga oranga, nga kakahu mo o
koutou tamariki me nga kai pai ake, me nga mahi
whakaako ki te matauranga, he mea tika ia mo tatou
tahi. E hiahia ana matou kia tangohia e koutou nga
mea pai katoa me nga tikanga pai katoa e kawea mai
ana e matou, a kia ora roa koutou kia mau tonu hoki
te nui o te tangata Maori i te taha o te Pakeha.
Otira kotahi i pouritia ai e au, ahakoa kawea mai e
matou he pai, e kawea mai ana hoki he kino ano.
Ka inoi rawa au ki a koutou kia kaua koutou e
tahuri ki nga whakawainga ki te kino i riro mai i a
matou; kia kaha rawa koutou ki tera mea whakawai

mania : although he is Governor of that country, he
is nevertheless under the same law and Sovereign,
the Queen. We welcome you on your first visit as
a stranger to see these two united peoples. We
greet you I

' Pull the canoe, drag the canoe,
To the resting-place; the canoe
To the place where it has lain.
Welcome the Governor!"
MOHI TE RANGIORA said :—

" This is an address of welcome to you,—Come, O
Governor, to see your two peoples, the Pakeha and
Maori. Come to be our guardian parent, to promote
peace and do good in this island, that the two races
may be united during your term of Governorship.
May God guide you in your administration, and may
He grant you his blessings while in this country.
We thank and feel grateful to the Queen for send-
ing you here to be the parent of both people that
live in this island. Welcome, O parent! come inland
to your country. That is all.—From your loving
friends who reside here in Waikato."

The following chiefs were present:—Mohi Te Ro-
ngomau, Te Wheoro, Tamati, Te Oho Pikia, Te Raihi,
William Barton, Nini Kukutai, Te Kuri, Hami Nga-
roka, Hori Te Whana, Hone Te One.

All but the last-named chief spoke, addressing His
Excellency in terms of welcome and loyalty.

His EXCELLENCY then delivered the following
speech, which was interpreted to the Natives by
Mr. Mackay :—

MAJOR TE WHEORO and friends,—I am rejoiced to
come among you and see the loyal members of the
Waikato tribes who have been our friends in all
times past. You do not see the Governor for the
first time: it is not long since my distinguished pre-
decessor came among you and encouraged you in
your loyalty, and spoke to you the good-will of the
Queen. I come among you to say the same words,
and to thank you for your loyalty and good service, and
assure you of the continued friendship of the Govern-
ment towards you. I am sorry, indeed, to see—what
some of you have referred to—the small number of
those who represent this country. The cause of this
sad division is not unknown to me. I will say one
word to you who are our friends, and one word to
those who are separated from you. You live among
us : you know our laws, and you know our ways,
and that the Government desires to do justice, te
secure to you what belongs to you : and that you aro
protected by our laws as well as the Europeans.
There are many good things that we bring—greater
comforts, and better clothes and food for your
children; instruction, which is good for us all to
know. We desire that you should receive all the
good that we can bring you, and that you should live
long and maintain your numbers side by side with
the Europeans. But I am sorry to say that, if we
bring you good, there is much evil that we bring too.
I pray you to resist the temptations to evil that came
with us: I pray you to resist the temptation of drink-
ing to excess : and I pray the chiefs to dissuade their
people from giving way to this evil: for if the Maoris
indulge in the drink the Europeans sell them, they
will perish more surely than they will by the gun-
powder. Then I ask you to send the children to
school, to learn the good sense we can teach them, in
order that they may be fit to take care of themselves
and their property when they come to man's estate:

then we shall respect each other and live at peace.
You see that when a fine body of your own men

136

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

i te tangata, ara te kai nui i te waipiro; ka tohe au
ki nga rangatira kia ako i o ratou tangata kia kaua e
tahuri ki te pera; no te mea ki te tohe nga Maori ki
te kai i nga waipiro e hokona ana ki a ratou e nga
Pakeha, akuanei nui atu ai he mate mo ratou i tena |
mea i to te paura pu nei. Tetahi e tono ana au ki a |
koutou kia tukua nga tamariki ki te kura kia whaka- |
akona ratou ki a te Pakeha matauranga, mo te pakeke
rawa ake ratou ka mohio ratou ki te tiaki i o ratou
taonga me o ratou tinana tonu; ma reira tatou ka
whakaaro pai tetahi ki tetahi, ka noho tahi i runga i
te rangimarietanga. E kite ana hoki koutou ka tu i
to matou taha he rangapu hoia papai o te iwi Maori,
he pu katoa kei nga ringa, na e whakaritea rawatia
ana ratou ki o lngarani ona hoia rongo nui i te ao katoa,
kotahi ano te turanga. E hari ana au ki o koutou
rangatira rongo nui e kakahu mai nei i aua kahu hoia,
e mau mai nei i aua hoari nei ano i a matou, a e mahi
tahi ana i a matou i raro i te mana o te Kuini kua
tukua mai ki a ratou.

Ko tenei ka whakapuaki kupu kotahi au mo o
koutou whanaunga i tua o te rohe. E pouri ana au
ki to ratou wehenga atu i a koutou, i a matou hoki.
Taku o hiahia ana ko nga tikanga pai e aheitia e
matou, me whakahaere katoa atu i roto i te iwi
Maori katoa. He nui ke nga painga kei a koutou i
a ratou, a era tangata i waho o te Kawanatanga, e
whiwhia ana: otira me whai takiwa, mea ake puta
mai ai te takiwa o te pai, o te ora. Ki te pai ratou
kia noho atu i tahaki hei iwi moke, e kore matou e
mea kia toia mai ratou ki waho—kei a ratou ano.
Ka puta mai etahi ki waho, penei me etahi kei konei
i te rangi nei, ka arohaina ka manaakitia hei hoa.
Otira kei te wahanga nui, kei te ngatatatanga o te
whenua i te ru, e kore ano hoki e tutaki i te rangi
kotahi; engari kia puhipuhia e te hau, kia uaina e te
ua i roto i nga tau maha, katahi ka torotika haere,
ka kapi. Kia mohio koutou ki tenei; me tera awa
nui ra e heke haere na ki te moana, koia ano hoki ko
te rite ia mo te matauranga raua ko te Whakapono,
ka toro haere tonu, e hara i te mea ki tenei motu
anake engari ki te ao katoa atu. He pai ke kia noho
tatou i ona tahataha marire, tango ai i ona painga, i
to te mea e kahakina kinotia ana e tona ia. Engari
e hiahia ana matou kia noho pai; a ko taku kupu ki
a koutou he pena me te kupu a te Tupuna (Apera-
hama) i ki atu ai ki tetahi i a raua e tautohetohe
ana mo te whenua, ara;—" Kaore ianei te whenua i
to aroaro ; Kaua ra taua e whakatete ki a taua; he
teina he tuakana nei hoki taua."

Katahi ka korero ko Kawana TV KEENE, te
Kawana o Teehimeema, mo te kupu karanga ki
a ia a nga Maori, ka mea:—" Hari rawa ana au i
tenei rangi, ka kite nei au i a koutou katoa
ki konei, a e whakawhetai atu ana" au ki a koutou
mo a koutou kupu tangi mai ki a hau. I haere
mai au i tetahi motu kei tawhiti atu i tenei;

otira, e ai ki ta koutou e ki nei, kotahi ano to tatou
Kuini. Ka nui te whakapai ake o toku ngakau ki
nga kupu ako a Kawana Pakitini ki a koutou. Ki
taku whakaaro me whai koutou ki ana katoa i ako
ai; ae tino rite ana toku hiahia ki tona, ara kia mutu
rawa nga raruraru me nga wehewehenga i roto i a
koutou. Heoi taku kupu, kia tau he haringa nui he
oranga nui ki runga ki te takiwa o Waikato."

Heoi: I te mutunga o te korero a te Kawana ka
tangi te umere a te katoa o nga Maori me nga Pa-
keha. I umere ano hoki ki a Kawana Tu Keene,
Takuta Porena, me Te Maki.

TE MATE-KAITANGA KEI INIA.

KUA nui rawa atu te mate o tera iwi kei Inia i te
mate kai. He raki no te kai nei te raihi—ko te tino
oranga hoki tera o nga tangata rawa kore o tera iwi

stand beside us with arms in their hands, they rank
with the English soldiers, who are so well known all
over the world. I am glad to see your distinguished
chiefs wearing the same uniform and swords as our-
selves, and, like us, bearing the commissions of the
Queen.

And now I will say one word about your brethren
beyond the boundary. I am very sorry there should
be divisions among you, and between us and them.
I should like that the good that we can do should be
extended all among the Maori people. You know
that you have many advantages that they lose from
being beyond our government; but we must give
time, and the good time will come by-and-by. If
they prefer their isolation, we do not seek to drag
them from it. When any come out, as some have
done who are here to-day, they find a welcome
as friends : but when there has been a great division
—when the earth quake splits the ground—the parts
do not come together again in one day : but when
the wind has blown and the rains fallen upon the
place for years, the sides will wash together and be-
come united. But be sure of this: as surely as that
great river flows to the sea, so surely will civilization
and Christianity spread and be extended, not only
over all this country, but over all the world, It is
better for us to live on its banks and be benefited
by it, than to be swept away before it. But we
desire to live in peace: and I say to you the words
which the patriarch said to another when they
differed about the land, " Is not the land before
thee ; Let there not be strife between me and thee
for we are brethren."

His Excellency 0. Du CANE, Governor of Tas-
mania, in acknowledgment of the references made to
himself in the address from the Maoris, said : I am
very glad to meet you all here to-day, and thank you
very much former or the words of welcome you have spoken
to me. I have come from a country some distance
from this, but, as your address has said, we live
under one Queen. I have listened with pleasure to
the excellent words of advice spoken to you by
Governor Fergusson. I think that you cannot do
better than follow them—every word of that advice ;

and I cordially echo his hope that all divisions may
cease amongst you. I have only, in return, to wish
all happiness and prosperity to the district of the
Waikato.

At the close of his speech, His Excellency was
enthusiastically cheered, both by Maoris and Euro-
peans. Cheers were also given for Governor Du
Cane, Dr. Pollen, and Mr. Mackay.

FAMINE IN INDIA.

THE people of India are in a state of absolute starva-
tion from the failure of the rice crops—the principal
article of food consumed by the poorer classes in

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

137

nui, tuauriuri whaioio, ara he raihi. He mano tini
kua tu a koiwi anake, i te kore kai. E korerotia mai
ana ko nga wahine me nga tamariki e haere noa ana
i roto i nga mahinga kai tawhito rakuraku haere ai
me kore e kitea he taewa he aha ranei i mahue ki te
whenua ; he hemo rawa ratou, he hanga whakaaroha
ki te titiro atu. Tera nga wahine hauaitu rawa i te
hemo kai e awhi kau ana i a ratou tamariki koiwi kau
ki o ratou poho; ko etahi, ko nga iwi me te kiri
anake kaore he kiko, e rorirori haere ana i te ngoi
kore ki te tiki i nga kai e tuwhaina ana e te Kawana-
tanga. Ka rua miriona o taua iwi e whangaitia ana
e te Kawanatanga o Ingarani i tenei takiwa, me i
kore taua kai a Ingarani kua mate rawa aua tangata
katoa. He kainga hoki to Ingarani kei reira, me
tona Kawana ano. Ka taki-whitutia nga tangata
katoa o Niu Tirani e noho nei, katahi ka rite te nui
ki aua tangata o taua whenua e whangaitia ana e te
iwi o Ingarani i roto i nga ra katoa o ten. i wa.

Tera hoki nga Pakeha noa atu o Ingarani e kohi-
kohi moni ana hei apiti ki a te Kawanatanga moni
hei hoko kai ma aua mano tini tangata o Inia; ko a
aua Pakeha moni i kohikohi ai kua tae inaianei ki te
wha te kau ma toru mano pauna; a ko nga teihana o
nga rerewe o Inia kua kapi rawa katoa i tenei wa i
te kai e tukua atu ana e te Kawanatanga ma aua tini
tangata. He tokomaha o koutou (nga Mao ri) kua
rongo ki te tahuritanga mai o aua iwi i Inia nei ki
nga Pakeha o Ingarani, e noho ana i taua whenua,
patu ai i te takiwha o te tau 1857, te kau ma whitu
nga tau kua taha ki muri nei; tana patunga, tana
kohuru kinotanga i nga wahine rangatira me nga
tamariki kai u, ngoikore nei; me te patunga a te
Kawanatanga o Ingarani i aua iwi a mate rawa ana,
he whawhai nui rapea, he maha nga parekura nui; a
he nui o o ratou rangatira, me ona tangata nana i
whakahau i taua mahi kohuru, i whakamatea i muri e
te Pakeha. Na, koia enei nga iwi e arohaina ana e
awhinatia ana inaianei i runga i to ratou mate nui,
ara e whangaitia ana e te iwi nona nei nga tama me
nga tamahine i kohurutia kinotia e ratou. Nui atu i
te toru rau mano tana te taumaha o nga raihi kua
tukua e te Kawanatanga ki taua iwi e mate mai nei i
te kai. E rite ana tenei ki te tekau ma rua miriona
peeke, e 50 pauna taumaha o te peeke kotahi! To
te iwi rangatira tona rapunga utu. " Kei hinga koe
i te kino, engari kia hinga te kino i te pai." Kei te
wa e whai tonu ai a Ingarani ki tenei tohutohu tino
rite ki to te whakaaro Atua, ka ora tonu ka rangatira
tonu ia, tetahi noa atu iwi ranei me he mea e pera
ana.

HE WHARANGI TUWHERA.

Ko nga Pakeha matau ki te Reo Maori e tuhi mai ana ki
tenei nupepa me tuhi mai a ratou reta ki nga reo e rua—te reo
Maori me te reo Pakeha ano.

Ki a te Kai Tuhi o te Waka, Maori.

Hirini, Poihakena,

17th Aperira, 1874.

E HOA,—Tenakoe. Tenei ka tuhituhi ano au i aku
haerenga i tenei whenua hei titiro ma nga hoa Maori
o Niu Tirani.

No te 15 o tenei marama ka puta te whakaaro o te
Kawanatanga o tenei whenua kia whakahaerea matou,
nga tangata tauhou, i runga i te rerewe kia kite i to
ratou mohiotanga ki te whakahaere huarahi mo nga
rerewe i runga i nga wahi pari kohatu o to ratou na
whenua.

I te 16 o nga ra katahi matou ka haere i runga i
te rerewe. Ka matakitaki haere rapea ki te pai o
tena whenua, me te tupu o nga mahinga kai a te
Pakeha. Ka pai ai ano hoki te whenua, me te marae
potaka tona rite. Iti noa iho nei tona utu mo te
eka; e £3 pauna i to Niu Tirani i kake noa ake nei—
ko tona kino ia, me ia anake.

that thickly-populated country. Thousands have
been reduced to mere skeletons from want of food.
We are told that women and children, pitiable look-
ing objects, were scratching about in the fields which
had been under cultivation looking for potatoes, or
anything eatable, that might have been left. Weak,
emaciated women, clasped to their bosoms infants
which were mere skeletons from want of proper
nourishment; and other poor wretches, all skin and
bone, could scarcely hobble along to receive food
which was being served out by the Government.
The English Government (we quote from the
Independent) is now feeding two millions of the
native population, who, but for this adventitious aid,
must have died. This number of people, now being
daily fed by the people of England, is nearly seven
times as large as the whole population of New Zea-
land.

In addition to the relief afforded by the Govern-
ment, the English people have subscribed the large
sum of £43,000 to purchase provision for the starving
multitudes of India ; and the Indian railway stations
are now choked with the grain provided by the
Government for the support of the people. Very
many of you (the Maoris) have heard how the natives
of India, some 17 years ago, rose against the English
population in that country and brutally murdered
helpless ladies and children, and how the rebel-
lion was suppressed by the English Govern-
ment, after fierce fighting, and numbers of the
chiefs and ringleaders executed. These are the
people who are now being assisted in their dire
necessity, and fed by that nation whose sons and
daughters they mercilessly slaughtered. Over 300,000
tons of grain have been served out by the Govern-
ment to the starving population. This is equivalent
to twelve millions of bags of 50 Ibs. weight each !
This is the revenge of a noble people. " Be not over-
come of evil, but overcome evil with good." So long
as England follows this divine maxim it will be well
with her, or any other people who do likewise.

OPEN COLUMN.

European correspondents who have a knowledge of Maori
are requested to be good enough to forward their communi-
cations in both languages.

To the Editor of the Waka Maori.

Sydney, Port Jackson,

17th April, 1874.
MY FRIEND,—Greeting. Again I send you some of
my experiences in this country, for the information
of our Maori friend» in New Zealand.

On the 15th of this month the Government of the
country resolved to give us strangers a trip by the
railway, for the purpose of affording us an oppor-
tunity of observing the engineering skill with which
the lines of railway have been laid down through the
rocky and precipitous parts of their country.

On the 16th we started off by train. We were
greatly interested in looking at the fine country
through which we passed, and the cultivations of the
Pakehas. Verily it was a pleasant landscape, the
land around being as level as a bowling-green. The
price of land per acre here is very reasonable;

whereas in New Zealand, and there only, it rises to
£3 per acre.

138

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

Ko matou i haere nei o Niu Tirani, tokotoru—ko 
ahau, ko te Makarini, ko Kanara Hinia. Me tetahi
tangata tauhou mai ano hoki no Amerika. He ra-
ngatira taua tangata, he kai whakahaere tikanga no
tona iwi. He matakitaki whenua ano te take o tana
haere mai. I haere katoa ano hoki nga tangata nunui
o tenei whenua ki te arahi i a matou ; te Tumuaki o
te Kawanatanga, me nga Minita, me te Hupirimi
Kooti, me etahi atu ano hoki o nga rangatira.

Kotahi ano haora o to matou whakatikanga atu i
te taone, a tae noa atu hoki ki tetahi taone o te tua-
whenua i te waru karaka, nga maero i roto o te haora
kotahi e toru te kau maero. Kei reira matou ka
parakuihi. Ka mutu te parakuihi katahi ka rere taua
tawhiti rerewe nei. Anana! me te apuhau, a tae noa
ki te taupae! Ka mahi a te upoko raua ko te hiku;

koia ranei kei te upoko te haere, kei te hiku ranei ?
E toru nga peratanga katahi ka eke ki runga ki te
papatika. Ka mutu i te.taupae te wahi pai ka hoki
ki te taone. Ka kohatu katoa tenei ka haerea nei.
Kotahi ano te rakau o tena whenua he Purukamu
anake.

Ka pahi te 9 karaka ka tae matou ki tetahi taone i
te puihi, ko te Maunga Wikitoria te ingoa, e toru
te kau maero. Katahi ka whakahaua e te Minita o
taua whenua kia taka he tina ma matou, kei hoki
rawa mai ai matou i te tekau ma tahi o nga haora ka
hemokai. Katahi ka rere taua autaia nei. Aeha!
Me te aha ? Me te uira ka hiko i te rangi tona rite o
te haere. Ki hai i mau i te kanohi te hopu te ahua
o nga otaota me nga  rakau o taua whenua i te tere o
te haere o taua rerewe.

I te 10 karaka ka tae matou ki tetahi pari tiketike,
hei reira nei matou hoki mai ai, e toru te kau maero.
Katahi ka mahi a te upoko raua ko te hiku—he
upoko he hiku, he upoko he hiku. E rima nga
peratanga ka tatu ki raro ki te take o taua pari.
Katahi ka okioki; ki hai hoki i roa e noho ana ka
hoki matou. Te kau ma tahi karaka ka tae ano
matou ki te taone Maunga Wikitoria, ki te wahi i
whakaritea kia tina ki reira.

Ka mutu te tina katahi ka tu te tangata o Amerika
ki te whakawhetai ki a te Kuini, mo te nui o tona
mana ki runga ki nga wahi katoa o te ao, kaore nei
he mana i puta ake i to te Kuini o Ingarani. I
whakapai ano hoki ia ki tona tuponotanga ki te
tangata o Niu Tirani, ara ki a te Makarini, te kai
whakahaere o Niu Tirani, he pena hoki tana mahi i
tona whenua i Amerika. I nui hoki te " hure hure "
i te mutunga o the whai korero a taua tangata. Ka
mutu, katahi matou ka hoki. Te hawhe paahi te wha
karaka o te ahiahi ka tae matou ki te taone.

Ko te whakaaro o te Kawanatanga i mea ai kia
haere matou kia kite i te haerenga o te rerewe i runga
i nga wahi pari kohatu o to ratou whenua, kia kite ai
matou a ka waiho hei tauira mo nga rerewe o Niu
Tirani; ara mo nga wahi pari, haunga ia nga wahi
raorao. Tera ano hoki e meatia ki to tatou nei
" hawhe koata " moutere ki Niu Tirani. Otira e
kore pea tatou nei e kite, tenei ka ngongo nei nga
paparinga. Engari ma tenei pea e tangi nei ki te kai
e kite; ka ngaro ake hoki tatou nei, te hunga e
whakararuraru ana i nga tikanga katoa.

Kua whakaae te Kawanatanga o tenei whenua ki te
waea i whakatoroa mai nei i te moana o Ingarani a
tae mai nei ki tenei whenua, i runga i te korero a te
Makarini, kia whakatoroa atu ano hoki ki to tatou
"hawhe koata " moutere. E mihi ake ana koa ahau
ki te kakara o ta matou, hara mai. Whakataua
rawatia te tutuki e tama te mahi e. Erangi e
tautohetia ana ano e nga kai tautohe, he pera
ano me nga tautohe o te Paremete o Niu Tirani.

There were three from New Zealand in our party—
myself, Mr. McLean, and Colonel St. John. There
was also a stranger from America, a gentleman occu-
pying a public position amongst his countrymen. He
was travelling for his pleasure. Many public men
also of this country accompanied us : there was the
Premier and the Ministry, the Judge of the Supreme
Court, and other gentlemen of influence.

By 8 o'clock a.m., an hour after leaving the
city, we arrived at an inland town, having travelled
at a speed of thirty miles per hour. There we had
breakfast. After breakfast we were off again. Away
flew that peerless train, like a rushing wind, till we
reached the hills ; then upward sped with might
and main, straining head and tail the while—(i.e.,
exerting the power both of traction and propulsion).
After three ascents of this kind we reached some
table land. But we had left all the fair country
behind when we reached the hills. This over which
we were now travelling was stony and rocky. Blue-
gum was the only kind of timber.

By 9 o'clock we arrived at Mount Victoria, a
town in the bush, thirty miles distant (from the last
stage). Here one of the Ministry ordered dinner to
be got ready for our return at 11 o'clock, lest we
should be hungry. Then again onward sped that
wonderful train. Prodigious ! To what shall I com-
pare it? 'Twas like the lightning darting athwart
the heavens. The eye could not catch the likeness
of the trees and objects upon the ground, such was
the velocity of the train.

By 10 o'clock we came to a very high cliff, the
point from which we were to return, distant thirty
miles. Here the powers of the head and tail were
again brought into requisition. After five degrees of
descent we reached the base of the cliff, where we
rested for a short time, and then commenced our
return. At 11 o'clock we arrived at the town of
Mount Victoria, where dinner had been ordered for
us.

After dinner was over, the American gentleman
rose to propose the health of Her Majesty the Queen,
whose power and influence, he said, was felt in every
part of the world; there were none whose influence
was greater. He expressed his great pleasure and
satisfaction in meeting with the Hon. D. McLean,
one of the New Zealand Ministry, and he said his
duties in America were of a similar nature. At the
conclusion of his speech he was loudly cheered. We
then returned, and reached the city at half-past 4
o'clock in the evening.

The object of the Government in proposing this
excursion by the railway was to afford us an oppor-
tunity of seeing the construction of the line through
the rocky and precipitous districts, as a model, if
thought desirable, for the formation of our railways
in New Zealand through similar precipitous country.
There are no engineering difficulties to be encoun-
tered in the level country. No doubt, works of this
nature will be carried out in New Zealand, our in-
significant country ; but it is doubtful whether or
not we of the present generation, who are dying off,
will live to see them. Doubtless the squalling babies
and the young children around us, will see that
time ; but we, the obstructers of all progress, will
then have disappeared from the scene.

The Government of this country have agreed to
Mr. McLean's proposal that the telegraphic cable
from England to this land be extended to our little
island of New Zealand. I am gratified with the
success, so far, of our mission here. The business
may be said to be almost concluded. The matter is
being disputed by some oppositionists, as in the
Parliament of New Zealand. But what of that, so
long as the Government agree ; This was the busi-

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

189

Otira hei aha, i te mea kua whakaaetia nei hoki e te
Kawanatanga. Koia nei hoki te putake o te hara
mai a te Makarini ki tenei whenua. He whakaaro
na te Kawanatanga o Niu Tirani nei kia whakaritea
tonutia nga whai manatanga o etahi wahi ki Niu
Tirani nei. Otira na te tohe tonu o te Maori
ki te raruraru i kore ai e kite tahi te kake o nga
tikanga katoa, i kore ai ano hoki e nui he tangata ki
to tatou nei motu.

Otira hei awhea rawa ka nui ai he tangata ki to
tatou nei motu ki Niu Tirani ; Hei apopo, hei te
ata tu, kia oho nga manu kawainga o te ata; kia mo
runga ano hoki te ra; kia rangona te rireriretanga
me te tiorotanga me te kuitanga o nga manu o te tau
rangimarie ; kia whakarongo ano hoki ratou ki te
reo o tetahi manu paihau popoto e tangi haere noa
ana i roto i nga parae toetoe, na reira nei tona ingoa
i huaina ai he " toetoe," ko tana korero tuturu i nga
takiwa katoa e mea ana, " Tikore," " Tikore."

Otira meake wera i te ahi nga parae e tupuna ana
e te toetoe, a ka keria he awa wai hei mea e maroke
ai nga wahi e tupuna ana e te toetoe, a ka ngaro atu
taua manu porearea ki te korero i taua korero " Ti-
kore," "Tikore," a ka whakatokia ano hoki aua wahi
ki nga rakau momona o ia wahi o ia wahi, a ka ruia
ano hoki ki nga tarutaru momona o ia wahi o ia
wahi. I kite ano hoki au i te ahua o aua rakau me
aua tarutaru e tupu ana i roto i te kaari o te Ka-
wana o tenei whenua. Ko te ahua o aua rakau me
aua tarutaru he ma, he whero, he paka korito, he
pango. Ko nga rau he rau toro, he rau whaka-
menge, ko tetahi me te huru hipi nei te ahua, engari,
aua te huruhuru ma, engari te huruhuru pango nei,
me te tini noa iho o nga mea hei matakitaki ma te
kanohi, hei mimingotanga ano hoki ma nga papari-
nga o te kai matakitaki. Kei reira ano hoki nga
manu papai katoa o te ao, me nga manu kikino. Ko
era tu manu kei te whare herehere, kei te wahi ano 
whakaritea e te ture mo ratou. Kaore au i kite i
tetahi rakau o Niu Tirani i roto o taua kaari. E-
ngari kei tetahi wahi ke atu, kei roto ano kei nga
kaari a etahi Kawana o tenei motu, e ai ta ratou e
korero ana. Ka nui te whakamoemiti o te Pakeha
ki taua rakau; ko te ingoa, kia mohio ai koutou, he
" mamaku;" he kino rawa tona ahua ki Niu Tirani,
he pai rawa ki tenei motu. Mea ake pea puta ki te
toru te kau nga take o aua rakau; na te Kawana-
tanga ano i whakato ki tetahi wahi pai o aua kaari a
nga Kawana o tenei motu—he nui rawa hoki no to
ratou pirangi ki te rakau o Niu Tirani. Tera pea a
hau e kite me ka tae au ki era wahi atu o tenei motu.
Mei kitea e au ki konei tera ahau e tangi marire ki
te rakau o te kainga aroha nui.

Nui atu rapea, e aku hoa aroha, taku whakamihi
ki nga iwi Pakeha o tenei whenua; me te Kawana-
tanga ano hoki o tenei whenua e whakahaere nei i
nga tikanga katoa i runga i te mana o to tatou
Rangatira pai a Kuini Wikitoria e kaha rawa nei ki
te pehi i te kino ki te whakatupu i te pai ki nga wahi
katoa o te ao; kia ahei ai ano hoki i a tatou i nga iwi
Maori me nga iwi Pakeha te mahi i nga mahi pai me
nga mahi tika, pono, katoa i runga i te Whakapono,
i te Aroha, me te Rangimarie.

Na, e aku hoa aroha o te motu katoa, nui atu te
pai o ta koutou mahi e tuku panuitanga nei ki nga
wahi katoa o to tatou motu hei ako i nga tangata e
tohe tonu ana ki te mahi i nga mahi he katoa; na
reira nei i arai i kore ai e puta he maramatanga ki a
tatou, ara ki te motu katoa. Tera pea koutou e ki
katahi ano au ka tuku panuitanga atu ki a koutou.
E, ka taea hoki pea te tahora e ki ana to koutou
pakeke. Ka mau ake ana tona ika, he ika ngutunui.
Koia ra tena nga korero ka tukua atu na kia kite iho

ness which brought Mr. McLean to this country.
The Government of New Zealand were anxious to
put New Zealand upon an equality with other
colonies. But owing to the persistent obstruction
of the Maoris, and their continual creation of dis-
turbances and troubles, our country has not kept
pace with others in general improvements and also
in population.

But when shall we have a numerous population in
New Zealand ; At the early dawn, when the birds,
precursors of light, appear ; when the sun rises high
in the heavens ; when the pleasant songs of many
birds, harbingers of peaceful times, are heard; when
the cry is regarded of the wingless bird which, from
frequenting the "toetoe" plains, is called the " toe-
toe," and which cries without ceasing, " Tikore,"
tikore" (i.e., void, not existing, shadowy, unsub-
stantial. When Natives, starting on a pig-hunting
expedition, hear the cry of this bird, they return at
once, believing it useless to proceed—that no pigs
would be caught).

These plains, now overgrown with " toetoe," will
in due time be cleared by fire; channels will be cut
to drain the land, and then that plaguing, impor-
tunate, wingless bird, with his interminable cry'
" Tikore," "Tikore," will disappear, and the land
will be planted with beautiful exotic trees and plants.
I have seen some of these kinds of trees and plants
in the Government Domain (or Botanical Gardens),
at this place. They are of various colours, white,
red, and black, with chocolate-coloured buds. The
leaves of some are straight and open, others are
curled up, and some have the appearance of black
wool. There was a great variety for the eye of the
beholder to observe, and to pucker up his cheeks
with laughter. There are also numerous beautiful
birds from various parts of the world, and many ugly
ones. These birds are confined in a place set apart
for them (an aviary). I did not see any trees of
New Zealand in this garden, but I was informed that
they have them in enclosures in other colonies of
this land. There is one, I am told, which the
Pakehas admire greatly; although, let me tell you,
it is merely a "mamaku" (a tree fern), a thing con-
sidered in New Zealand of no beauty whatever, yet
here it is highly prized. It was introduced by the
Government, and planted in various enclosures in the
country, because New Zealand trees and shrubs are
much esteemed here; the number of plants (of the
tree fern) will shortly amount to thirty. If I visit
any other part of this country I shall probably see
this tree (the "mamaku") ; and if I do, tears of
yearning will flow from my eyes at the sight of the
familiar tree of my own much-loved country.

My dear friends, I greatly admire the Pakehas of
this land, and also the Government of this country,
and its administration of public affairs under the
authority and powers of our Most Gracious Majesty
Queen Victoria, who is powerful to put down evil
and promote good in every part of the world; so that
we also, the Native tribes and Europeans of New
Zealand, may be enabled to do those things which
are good, and just, and true, based upon a foundation
of Christianity, love, and peace.

My dear friends of New Zealand, the practice pur-
sued by some of you of writing (in the Waka Maori)
to every part of the island, urging the reformation of
those men who persist in working all-manner of
evil is highly commendable and praiseworthy, for
it is on account of those evil doings that light and
knowledge have not reached us—that is to say, our
country. Perhaps you may say that I myself now
first commence writing to you. But my words to
you have had no limit. When I pull up a fish it has

140

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

o koutou kanohi, kia oreore hoki o koutou ngutu.
Ki te pai koutou ki aua korero, mauria, whakaarohia;

ki te ngakau kore koutou, whiua atu ki te pari.

Te 24 o nga ra o Aperira ka haere maua ko Kanara
Hinia i runga i te rerewe ki nga taone o te tuawhenua
ki te hoko hoiho mo nga turupa o Niu Tirani. Te
kau ma wha nga hoiho i riro mai i a maua, hoiho pai,
kaha ki te haere.

I te 25 o nga ra ka whakawhiti matou ko te
Makarini ma ki tetahi tarawahi o te awa o te taone.
Te take o ta matou haere, na te Kawanatanga i mea
kia kite matou i nga paraki tiaki mo te wahapu o to
ratou kainga. I to matou taenga ki taua paraki
katahi ka matakitaki ki te uaua rapea me te mohio o
tenei iwi, o te Pakeha, ki te karo i te hanga maro nei
a te kohatu. Ka poka iho i runga ka heke ki raro
karo haere ai, whakakokikoki ai, whaihanga whare nui
tonu atu ai, ki reira. He raiti ki te whakamarama haere
i a matou i raro i te whenua. Ko nga takotoranga
mo nga pu nunui, he mea whakaumu ki te toka, kia
pai ai mo te pareparenga o nga ngutu o nga pu ki
etahi wahi ina puta te hoa riri i aua takiwa. Taka
noa atu i te tangata kotahi te hanga toru te pae nei
te parepare. He mea wiira hoki, na reira ka ngawari
ki te hurihuri. Ka mutu ta matou matakitaki katahi
ka whakatakoto te tina ma matou ki roto ano ki nga
whare kohatu tiaki o taua paraki nei. Katahi ano te
kawanga o taua paraki. Kaore he tangata i tamene
ki taua hakari; he iti noa nei, ko nga tangata anake
o te Kawanatanga, me nga apiha hoki. Engari nga
mea i nui ko nga wahine. E kai ana e korero ana te
Pakeha, whakarongo kau ana te taringa Maori. Ou
hanga ra e te kuare ! E tama te puku ki te kawe
mai ki tenei whenua, a kite ana i te wahangu ! Noku
nei ano te tupuna o mua kua mohio ki te reo tawhiti.
Taka marire ki au tona tukunga iho, ana o mahi ra e
te whaka.toi ! Riro ke ana te matauranga o te Poro-
potitanga a te tupuna o tenei tangata i rau o iwi ke.
I ki hoki ra a tera, a te Rangitauatia, i te mea e
ngaro ana ano a Kapene Kuku ki tona kainga ki
tawhiti, kia toro rawa te pakiaka hinahina i runga i a
ia ka whakarongo ake a ia e kihi ana e hoihoi ana; a e
kihi nei hoki, e hoihoi nei hoki, a kua " tokomaha e
kopikopiko ana, kua nui haere ano te matauranga."

Na, e nga uri o tenei tupuna, whakarongo mai.
Ka riro te matauranga o te poropititanga o to koutou
tupuna ki tetahi iwi ke, matau atu ai, mohio atu ai,
rangatira atu ai, nui atu ai, tiketike atu ai, pono atu
ai, tika atu ai, rawe atu ai. Erangi e te whanau, kia
wawe koutou te kite i nga matauranga katoa; me
tomo ki roto ki te puna o te matauranga, koia ia ko
te kura. Ma reira e whakakite ki a koutou nga
matauranga katoa, me te mea ano hoki ka rarua nei
au, a te reo Pakeha. Otira me mutu mai i toku
takiwa nei te kuaretanga; aua ki to koutou, no te
mea kei te ngawari o koutou na taringa. I whaka-
aturia ai e au toku kuaretanga hei tauira ki a tatou
tamariki; kia whakamutua ta ratou noho i roto i te
kuaretanga, penei me taua nei. Otira erangi pea
koe, ko tau pahunga rawa ano, E ai hoki.

He rakau i wareware i au o roto o te kaari a te
Kawana o tenei whenua. Ka whakaaturia nei ano,
kia mohio ai koutou mo ta koutou kite rawa ake a
mua e tupu ana ki Niu Tirani, hei reira koutou ka
mohio ko taua rakau tenei i whakaaturia mai nei i
Poihakena. Ko te ahua o taua rakau he tu a ma ;

ko nga rau kei te tihi anake, hei te ata ka humene

a large mouth (i.e., when I write you a letter it is
something worth reading), therefore I send you this
letter to interest and amuse yon. If it interest you,
receive it and reflect upon it; if it interest you not,
cast it over a cliff.

On the 24th of April, Colonel St. John and I went
by railway to some of the inland towns to purchase
horses for the troopers of New Zealand. We suc-
ceeded in obtaining fourteen strong and active
animals.

On the 25th, we, with Mr. McLean, crossed the
harbour, on the invitation of the Government, to
inspect the fortifications and batteries at the Heads
for the defence of the port. There we had ocular
demonstration of the power and knowledge of this
people—the Pakeha—in the excavation of the hard
rock. A shaft was sunk from above, and from
thence passages were cut, turning in various direc-
tions, and spacious apartments were scooped out.
We had lights to show us the way as we walked
along underground. The cannon were placed at
embrasures cut in the rock, so as to allow of their
being pointed against an enemy in any direction. For
greater convenience they are placed on wheels, and
one man can turn them about easily, notwithstanding
their great size. After we had seen these things,
dinner was laid for us within the stone fortress con-
nected with the batteries. This was the opening
ceremony in connection with the completion of the
works. There were but few people assembled there
on the occasion; none but Government officers and
people connected with the Government. There
were, however, a great number of ladies. During
dinner the Pakehas were talking and conversing with
each other, but the Maori ear listened in vain. Such
is ignorance ! What assurance ! to come to this
country and be dumb ! Mine was the ancestor who
understood distant tongues; but I, his descendant,
have to submit to mortification and annoyance. The
divination and prophetical knowledge of my ances-
tor have passed away to other strange races.  Whilst
Captain Cook was yet in his own distant country, he,
the Rangitauatia (the ancestor alluded to), said that
when the roots of the slow-growing hinahina tree
had spread over his grave, he would hear the clatter-
ing of a foreign tongue, and the noise of numbers.
And so it is: we have the clatter of a foreign tongue,
and "many run to and fro, and knowledge has
increased."

Now, ye descendents of that ancestor, behold!
The knowledge of which he prophesied is in the pos-
session of a strange people ; with them are wisdom,
knowledge, prosperity, greatness, power, truth,
advancement, and all excellencies. But, my friends,
make haste to acquire knowledge ; dip into the foun-
tain of knowledge—that is to say, attend the schools.
There you will have the means afforded you of
acquiring general information, and you will obtain a
knowledge of the English language, my ignorance of
which has so embarrassed me. Let the time past
suffice for ignorance ; let the future be improved by
the young, who are of a nature plastic and capable
of being taught. I am setting forth my ignorance
as a warning to our children, that they may no longer
abide in the ignorance of their elders. You children
at all events will obtain some crumbs of knowledge.
It is well.

I forgot to mention a tree which is growing in the
Government Domain here. I will tell you some-
thing about it now, so that if you ever should see such
a tree in New Zealand, you will recognize it as the
tree about which I wrote you from Port Jackson.
It is a tree of a very light colour; it has leaves only
 upon its top, which curl inwards in the morning, and

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.

ona rau ki te tihi, hei te ahiahi ha heke iho ki runga
ki tona tinana ; he pera tonu tana mahi i nga taima
katoa.

I te 30 o nga ra o Aperira ka whakakite nga hoia
o te taone ki a te Makarini i to ratou mohio ki te
pupuhi i nga pu nunui. A kite ana matou ka nui
rawa te rawe me te hohoro o nga mahi a aua hoia ki
te whakataka haere i te hanga whakahara nei, a te
repo. Engari kaore i nui aua hoia, kotahi ano rau.
Te take, he whenua rangimarie. Mei pena me Niu
Tirani, tera ano e nui atu nga hoia.

No te mutunga ka tapoko maua ko te Makarini Id
roto ki tetahi whare whakakitekite i nga mea katoa
o te ao ; ara o nga whenua katoa, o nga moana katoa.
Kei roto i taua whare nga kuri ngau tangata nei, te
pea raua ko to taika. Te kino o tona ata ki te titiro
atu, mau ana te wehi. Kei reira ano hoki nga ika
horo tangata nei, me nga mea whakamate tangata
katoa, e kore e taea e au te tuhi ki tenei pakapuka.
Kei reira ano te autaia nei a te neke. Penei me te
upoko teretere nei te upoko me te kaki. Erangi ko te
roa o taua autaia nei, e hara i te hanga. I tangohia
rawatia e to raua rangatira ki waho haere ai, kia
kite maua ko te Makarini. He taru tere te haere.
He mangu tona arero ; huhua noa atu ona korope-
wapewa. I kite ano au i etahi mahuna tangata

mangumangu i reira. Kei to mau tonu nga kiri o
nga kanohi. He mea rara pea ki te ahi, penei me ta
te Maori nei.

Heoi o aku e whakaatu ki a koutou. Kaore e
taea e au te tatau te tini o nga mea katoa.
Na to koutou hoa

NA MEIHA ROPATA,

o Ngatiporou.

HE RETA POROPOROAKI.

Ko tenei reta he mea tono na nga Maori kia taia:—

Rotorua, Maehe 28, 1874.
E HOA, Te Makarini,—Tena ra koe. He poroporoaki
atu tena naku ki a koe. Kua taea oku tau o toku
tamarikitanga taea noatia toku Kaumatuatanga;

koia i puta ai taku poroporoaki, i au ano e ora ana,
mo nga iwi e rua—mo te Maori mo te Pakeha ano
hoki. Hei konei ra e hoa, Te Makarini. Kia rite
tau mahi ki nga iwi e rua a nga ra i mua e haere mai
nei ki o nga tau kua pahure, i puta ai tou aroha ki
nga iwi o te motu mo tenei ao maramatanga, kua
tiaho nei. He aha koa ra, mate noa ake matou nga
Kaumatua i piri ki te mana o te Kuini, e haere a
marama ana. E hoa Te Makarini, hei kona ra.
Na to hoa,

Na Te AWE KOTUKU.

Ko te Awe Kotuku i mate ki Rotorua i te 14 o
nga ra o Aperira kua taha nei. Ko tetehi ia o nga
kaumatua rangatira o te Arawa. He uri tenei tangata
no Rangi-te-Aorere—he tupuna ingoa nui i roto i a
te Arawa, he tupuna toa. Na Rangi-te-Aorere i
whawhai a Mataaho raua ko Kawaarero, hinga ana
i te parekura i Rotorua, tangohia ana hoki a Mokoia,
te motu e tu ana i waenga o Rotorua. No reira i
whiwhi ai nga uri o Rangitihi ki taua motu, otia ki
te whenua katoa o Rotorua, a taea noatia tenei ra.

He kaumatua pai a te Awe Kotuku. He toa ki te
whawhai i nga riri o mua, a rokohanga noatia mai e
te Whakapono. Ko ia te tangata nana i whakatupu
te Whakapono, a tukua ana e ia ki te Hahi tetahi

in the evening open out and hang down, and this con-
tinues without ceasing.

On the 30th of April, the Artillery Company were
exercised in Mr. McLean's presence, for the purpose
of showing their proficiency in the management and
firing of the big guns. They went through their
exercise with great skill and precision, and moved
the guns about with rapidity and case, notwithstand-
ing their great size and weight. These soldiers are
not numerous ; there are only one hundred of them.
The reason of this is that the country is at peace ; if
it were like New Zealand, doubtless the number
would be large.

After the drill Mr. McLean and I visited a build-
ing wherein are exhibited things from all parts of
the world, of all lands and of all seas. There was
the bear and the tiger—wild, man-eating animals.
Their faces were most hideous looking, enough to
frighten any ono. There were reptiles which swallow
men, and a variety of things destructive of human
life, which I cannot here describe. There also is that
monster the snake. It has a head and neck some-
what similar to that of the ground shark. Its length
is something extraordinary. It was taken out by
the keeper, so that wo might see its motion, and it
moved along rapidly. Its tongue was black, and it
had a number of rings round its body. I saw there
some preserved heads of black men. The skin was
still on the faces. Probably they had been dried
over a fire, as the Maoris used to preserve heads.

I shall now conclude, for I cannot describe to you
the numerous things which are here.

From the friend of you all,

MAJOR ROPATA,

of Ngatiporou.

A VALEDICTORY LETTER.

THE following letter is published by desire of the
natives :—

Rotorua, 28th March, 1874.
FRIEND, ME. MCLEAN,—

Greeting. These are my last words to you. My
years, from childhood to old age, have passed away ;
therefore, whilst life yet remains to me, I bid fare-
well to both races—Pakeha and Maori. Farewell,
my friend Mr. McLean. Let your future policy with
respect to both races be what it has ever been during

the years which have passed, in which you have shown
love to the tribes of this Island, and brought about
the light which now shines. What the' we, the old
men who held fast to the power of the Queen, pass
away, a bright dawn (of civilization) is appearing.
Farewell, my friend Mr. McLean.

From your friend,

TE AWE KOTUKU.

The Awe Kotuku died at Rotorua on the 14th of
April last. He was one of the principal old chiefs
of Te Arawa tribe, and a descendant of a distin-
guished ancestor of that tribe named Rangi-te-
Aorere, renowned among all the Arawas for hia
bravery in battle. He fought at Rotorua against
the chiefs Mataaho and Kawaarero, defeated them,
and took possession of the island of Mokoia, in lake
Rotorua. Hence the descendants of Rangitihi
obtained possession of that island and the surround-
ing country, which they hold to this day.

The Awe Kotuku was a good old man. In his
younger days he was noted for his bravery, and
fought in the old wars until peace was brought about
by the introduction of Christianity. He was an

142

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI

whenua kei Rotorua, ko te Ngae te ingoa, kotahi pea
mano eka, hei whenua tuturu. mo te Hahi ake tonu
atu. He whakaaro nona kia tuturu tonu ai te Ka-
rakia me te Whakapono ki tona moana ki Rotorua.
I te Whakapono kua paku ki nga wahi katoa o tenei
motu, ko te wa tenei i putaputa ai nga rangatira o
ia iwi o ia iwi ki nga wahi katoa haere ai, puta atu
ki Akarana, ki Po Neke, ki hea ki hea. Tena ko te
Awe Kotuku ki hai ia i pai mo te haere atu ki etahi
wahi, ahakoa he tata ; Tauranga, a Taupo ranei, a
Whakatane, ki hai rawa ia i tae ki awa wahi, haunga
hoki nga wahi tawhiti atu. I whakaaro hoki ia kia
whaia mai ia e te aitua ki Rotorua. No tona kore-
heketanga katahi ka rite tana i whakaaro ai—kua
aitua nei ano ia ki Rotorua.

HE TOA TANGATA OEA TONU.

I TE riringa i Peina (Spain), i te tau 1812, kotahi te
Apiha o Wiwi, ratou katoa ko te tohu hoia e haere
ana i a ia, i mau i nga Paniara (Spaniards). Katahi
ka mauria e te Paniara, ka unuunuhia nga kahu, ka
whakawhaititia ratou (nga hoia o Wiwi i mau ra) i
tahaki tu ai; ko te tahuritanga ki te pupuhi—me te
mea he rahui poaka e puhia ana. Pupuhi tonu, a,
ka rupeke ki te whenua takoto ai—ko te haerenga o
o nga Paniara i haere ai, he mahara hoki kua mene
katoa ki te mate. Ki hai i taro e ngaro ana ka
whakaputa ake te Apiha i roto i te tahua tupapaku ;

ko te haerenga atu ki tonu nuinga, tae tonu atu i
taua rangi ano, me te whakamiharo ake ki a ia ano i
te kore tunga ona.

I tetahi rangi, i muri tata iho, ka mau ano taua
Apiha i tetahi rangapu Paniara ano; unuhia ana e
ratou ona kahu, tu ana ko te kiri kau; katahi ka
whakatarewatia tahanga tonutia ki te rakau. Ki hai
ano i ata iri noa ki runga ki te rakau ka puta ake
etahi o nga hoia o Wiwi i runga hoiho, ka patupatua
nga Paniara ki te hoari, ko etahi ki te tapahi i to
taura i mau ai te apiha ra, ka taka ia ki te whenua—
he wahi iti e takoto ana ka hoki ake te manawa, ka
ora ano.

Hua noa pea kati he mate mona; kauaka—po toru
ki muri iho ka mau ano i nga Paniara tuatahi, i te
hunga nana i pupuhi ona hoia i te maunga tuatahi, i
puta ra ia i roto i te tahua tupapaku. Mahara ana
taua hunga ra kua mate noa ia ; no te kitenga e ora
tonu ana ka ponana noa iho nga whakaaro. Katahi
ka mea ratou me mea ke he matenga mona, kia kore

•ai e puta ake ano tona iho ki te aomarama. He
tangata nui, uaua rawa, taua apiha; he tino toa rawa

he maha noa atu hoki nga Paniara kua mate i a ia
i nga riringa i mua atu ra, na reira he ingoa wehi
tona ingoa ki a ratou, a, mea ana ratou me mate rawa
te taniwha ra. Heoi, mauria ana putikitia rawatia ana
nga waewae ki te harakeke, me nga ringa ki muri ki
te tuara; katahi ka kawea ka makaia ki roto ki
tetahi awa hohonu i reira. Totohu tonu te tangata
ra, no te taenga ki raro ki te whenua ka rewa ake ano
ki runga. No te pueatanga ake ki runga ka

whakamaro i tona tinana, ka maanu haere i runga i te
ia o te wai, me te titiro nga Paniara i te tahataha ki
ta ratou tangata. No te pahemotanga atu ki tawhiti,

ngaro atu i nga Paniara, katahi ka okeoke te
tangata; ka kukume i ona ringa; ka whakauaua tonu
ki te whakamatara i ona waewae me ona ringa ano ;

kukume tonu, whakawiri tonu, nawai ra ka taea—ka
matara ona ringa me ona wawae. Katahi ka kau ki
uta—inanoa kua tae ki ona hoa, kai te korero i tona
putanga i te mate. Heoi, karangatia ana e ona hoa
he ingoa mona ko TOA OKA TONU—inahoki he tangata
ia kua puhia, kua whakatarewatia,  kua makaia ki ro
te wai, te mate hoki.

enthusiastic supporter of the Christian religion, and
contributed largely towards its growth and extension
in the Rotorua district. He made a free gift to the
church of a piece of land at Rotorua, called the Ngae,
probably a thousand acres in extent, as he was
anxious that religion should take root and grow in
his district. at Rotorua. When the Christian religion
had made its way to all parts of the island, then the
chiefs of the various tribes began to travel about
visiting each other at Auckland, Port Nicholson, and
other places. But the Awe Kotuku was not fond of
travelling- to strange places; and although Taupo,
Tauranga, and Whakatane were near at hand, he
never visited those places, much less places at a
distance. His wish was that death might overtake
him at Rotorua. And now, in his old age, what he
desired has happened—death has seized him at
Rotorua.

THE IMPERISHABLE HERO.

DURING the campaign in Spain, in the year 1812, a
French officer and the detachment under his com-
mand were taken prisoners by the Guerillas, who
stripped the unfortunate men, placed them in ranks,
and fired at them as if they had been a herd of swine.
The prisoners having all fallen to the ground, the
Guerillas quitted the spot in the full assurance that
every one of them was killed; but scarcely were the
Spaniards out of sight before the officer extricated
himself from the dead bodies and regained the army
the same day, congratulating himself on having
escaped from the hands of his enemies without the
slightest wound.

Shortly afterwards this unlucky officer had the
misfortune to be captured by another party of
Guerillas, who stripped him stark naked and hanged
him on a tree. The poor victim had been suspended
but a few seconds, when some French dragoons
galloped up, dispersed the Spaniards, and quickly cut
down the officer, to whom animation was soon
restored.

A third time was this resuscitated soldier doomed
to be made a prisoner ; and, to add to his bad luck,
by the self-same party that had, as they imagined,
shot him a few days before. Great was the astonish-
ment of the Guerillas at finding alive and unhurt the
man whom they perfectly remembered by the insignia
of his rank and his herculean form. After stripping
him in their customary manner, they decided on a
mode of death that they conceived would rid them
for ever of the murderous effect of his sabre, too well
known to the Spanish army ; they, therefore, bound
firmly with strong cord his feet and hands, the latter
behind his back, and in this state plunged him into a
deep river running in that vicinity. The victim,
after striking the ground, though considerably
stunned, returned naturally to the surface, and
allowed, himself to be floated away by the current,
preserving  the appearance of a dead body, but anxi-
ously watching his enemies, who, from the shore,
endeavoured to make sure of his death. He thus
continued to float for a considerable time, until at
length, being entirely out of sight of the Guerillas, he
strove to release himself from the bandages. This
was no easy task, the water having swelled and tight-
ened the knots. By dint of perseverance and
strength, however, he at last contrived to clear him-
self, swam to the shore, and, in a short time after-
wards, merrily related to his comrades his third
adventure, which fairly entitled him to the appella-
tion of "The Imperishable Hero," he being an
extraordinary instance of a man shot, hanged,
drowned, and yet alive.

Printed under the authority of the New Zealand Government, by GEORGE DIDSBURY, Government Printer, Wellington.