TE WAKA MAORI
O NIU TIRANI.

"KO TE TIKA, KO TE PONO, KO TE AROHA."
VOL. 10.] PO NEKE, TUREI, MAEHE 10, 1874. [No. o.
HE KUPU WHAKAATU KI NGA HOA TUHI MAI.
He moni kua tae mai:—
£ s. d.
1874.—Na Kapene Mea, mo Manahi Karawa,
Hare Takerei, Paora Pene, Tiaki
Te Pakaru, Mohi Horua, Wiremu
Reweti, Eparaima Hohepa, Remi
Tupuahoronuku, Te Tawhiwhi,
me Komene, no te Niho-o-te-
Kiore, Taupo, katoa ratou (No. 4.) 500
 Rawiri Kahia o Runanga, Taupo,
ra Nepia ... ... ... O 10 O
1873-74.—Maika Pikaka, o Waikouaiti,
Otakou ... ... ... 1 O O
Na Rihari Wunu, Kai-whakawa, o Whanganui, mo:—
1873-74.—Te Hira Karatia, Hohia Nga-
karaka, Te Uranga Kaiwhare,
o Kai Iwi, (1873) Reneti Tapa,
(1874) Tamati Reina, me
Renata o Koroniti ... 3 O O
£9 10 O
Kaore ano kia tae mai ki a matou te reta i te moni e ki nei a
Henare Tamakeke, o Wairewa, kua tukua mai e ia i a Tihema
nei; kaore ano hoki kia tae mai te kotahi pauna e ki mai nei a
Henere Potae, o te Tai Rawhiti, kua homai e ia ki tetahi Pakeha
i Nepia kia tukua mai ki a matou.
Ko Rutene Tainguru o te Wakaki, Haake Pei, e ki aua kua
rakia nga kai i taua takiwa; a e kai ana nga Maori i te kakahi,
i te raupo.
Ko Mangai Uhu Uhu e whakaatu mai ana, e ki aua i te 9 o
Pepuere, i te Aute, Nepia, i marenatia ai a Kerehi Renata raua
ko Ngawiki Nguha, ko Arapata Renata raua ko Makereta Pupu,
me Arapata Niania raua ko Ritihia Ngotungotu. Ka mutu te
marena ka takoto te hakari a Renata Pukututu i roto i te teneti
nui. He nui nga Maori i hui ki reira no nga wahi katoa, e
rima te kau nga Pakeha. Ka mutu te kai ka turia te kanikani,
tae no ki te 12 haora e kanikani ana.
Ko Hori Waiti o Tokomaru, te Tai Rawhiti, mo ta matou
whakahe, i roto i te Waka o Hanuere te 27 kua taha nei, ki
ana kupu mo nga rangatira Maori, e ki mai ana he tangata ke
pea nana i tuhi taua reta, panga ana ko tona ingoa, to Hori, ki
roto—e ki ana e hara rawa i a ia. E ki ana hoki ko ona hoa
NOTICES AND ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Subscriptions received:—
From Captain Mair, for £ s. d.
1874.—Corporal Manahi Karawa, Cor-
poral Hare Takerei, Paora
Pene, Tiaki te Pakaru, Mohi
Horua, Wiremu Reweti,
Eparaima Hohepa, Remi
Tupuahoronuku, Te Ta-
whiwhi, and Komene, all of
Niho - o - te - Kiore, Taupo,
(No. 4) ... ... ... 5 O O
 Rawiri Kahia, of Runanga, Taupo,
via Napier ... ... ... O 10 O
1873-74   Maika Pikaha, of Waikouaiti,
Otago ... ... ... 1 O O
 From R. Woon, Esq., R.M., of
Wanganui, for Te Hira Ka-
ratia, Hohia Ngakaraka, To
Uranga Kaiwhare, of Kai
Iwi, (1873) Reneti Tapa,
(1874) Tamati Reina, and
Renata of Koronti ... 3 O O
£9 10 O
We have not received the money letter which  Henere Tama-
keke, of Wairewa, Canterbury, says he sent to us in December
last; neither have we received the one pound which Henare
Potae, of the East Coast, says he gave to a gentleman at Napier
to forward to us.
Rutene Tainguru, of the Wakaki, Hawke's Bay, says the
crops have failed in that district from the drought; and that
the Natives are subsisting on fresh water shell-fish and raupo
roots.
Mangai Uhu Uhu informs us that on the 9th of February, at
Te Aute, Napier, Ngawiki Nguha was united in marriage to
Kerehi Renata, Arapata Renata to Makereta Pupu, and Ara-
pata Niania to Ritihia Ngotungotu. A feast was given on the
occasion by Renata Pukututu in a large tent. A large number
of Natives collected from various parts, and about fifty Pakehas.
After the feasting was over, dancing commenced, and was kept
up till twelve o'clock at night.
Hori Waiti, of Tokomaru, East Coast, adverting to our cen-
sure, in the Waka of 27th January last, of his remarks respect-
ing Native chiefs, says some other person must have written the
letter in question and signed his (Hori's) name to it; he
disclaims all connection with it. He says both his Pakeha and

56
TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.
Pakeha me ona hoa Maori e kata ana ki a ia mo ana kupu
whakahe i nga rangatiratanga Maori, a e nui ana tona whakama.
Kua tukua tonutia nga nupepa ma Hone Hare Tikao ki
Akaroa, Katapere. Tena pea he tangata ke nana i tango mai i
te Pohitapeta. Me ui ia ki reira.
I tureeti rawa te reta a te Tiewhi i kore ai e panuitia.
Engari kei tera nupepa ka puta.
 Kua tae "mai ki a matou te reta a " Pakeha Maori," e ui ana
ki te tikanga o te kupu nei Maori. E kore e taea e matou inai-
anei te whakapau i nga matauranga ki runga ki tenei mea.
Engari no Hawaiki mai ano rapea taua kupu; tona tikanga, e
tau ana ki runga ti nga mea katoa no tenei motu ake ano, no
tetahi atu ranei motu i putake mai ai nga tupuna o tenei tu
tangata, te Maori nei, e noho ana i Niu Tirani inaianei; ina-
hoki, "tangata Maori," "pakeha Maori," "kiore Maori,"
"wai Maori," aha Maori atu—he mea anake no uta nei.
Tera e kitea e "Pakeha Maori," ratou ko ona hoa e tau-
tohetohe mai nei, e kore rawa e tika kia kiia te Pakeha
i whanau ki Niu Tirani hei Maori no Niu Tirani; no te
mea, ahakoa whanau ia ki konei, e hara ia i te tangata
tupu no tenei whenua, he tangata ke, he iwi ke, he mea haere
mai no ko atu. Koia hoki nga tarutaru no konei ake, ka
kiia he mea Maori  kaua nga mea i kawea mai ki konei whaka-
tupu ai.
Ka whakamatau matou ki te whakaputa kupu i tera Waka
mo nga reta maha kua tae mai nei.
Ko te utu mo te Waka Maori i te tau 10s., he mea utu
ki mua. Ka tukuna atu i te meera ki te tangata e Mahia ana
me ka tukua mai e ia aua moni ki te Kai Tuhi ki Po Neke wei.
TAKUTA RIWINGITONE.
He roanga no te WAEA o Pepuere 24, 1874.
E tika ana kia whakaaturia e matou ko tenei korero mo
Takuta Riwingitone, me ona haerenga me ona oraititanga, he
mea kohikohi mai no tana pukapuka kua taia e ia o ana haerenga,
me tetahi atu pukapuka iti marire hoki he mea ta na Waata
ratou ko Raka ko Taira, he pakeha ta pukapuka kei Ranana, a
kua whakahuatia taua pukapuka, tona ingoa, ko " Riwingitone
raua ko Tanare."
Ko te Rev. Rawiri Riwingitone, te mihinere kai-
haere i Awherika, i whanau ki Paranataia, he kainga
kei te tahataha o te awa e huaina ana ko te Karaire, e
tutata ana ki te taone ki Karaahikou i Kotarani, i te tau
1817. He tama ia na te tangata rawakore ano, engari he
rongo tika. He uri ia no etahi tangata rongo tika o
te iwi e noho ana ki te taha ki nga maunga, te taha
Nota, o Kotarani. Ko tona tupuna, he tangata mahi
paamu i Oruwha, tetahi o nga moutere e huaina ana
ko nga Heperitihi, kei te taha hauauru o Kotarani, a
i whanau te papa o Takuta Riwingitone ki reira.
Ko ana kupu enei mo tona tupuna kei nga korero
timatanga i roto i tona pukapuka o ana haerenga,
ara:—"I mohio rawa taku tupuna ki te korero i nga
tikanga katoa o te kawai o ana tupuna katoa tae atu
ki te ono whakatupuranga i mua atu i a ia; a heoi
taku e whakahi ana o aua korero tukanga iho, ko
tetahi tangata (tupuna ona) rawakore o taua moutere.
He tangata ia i nui haere tona rongo mo tona matau-
ranga nui me tona ahua tika. E korerotia ana, i tona
matenga ka karangatia e ia ona tamariki katoa ki
tona taha, ka ki, ' Na, i taku oranga kua kimi katoa
au i roto i te kawai o oku tupuna, a kaore rawa ano
au kia kite i te tangata he i roto i o tatou tupuna,
kaore kia kotahi noa nei. Heoi, ki te whai koutou,
a koutou tamariki ranei, ki nga tikanga he, akuanei
ia e hara i te mea no roto i o koutou toto; e hara
tena i te mea no koutou: Ko taku kupu poroaki
tenei ki a koutou:—Kia tika!' " A, i rite a Takuta
Riwingitone ki ona tupuna—he tangata tika ia.
No te kitenga ka kite tona tupuna e kore e ora
ona tamariki maha i tona paamu paku i te moutere
ra, katahi ka whiti mai ki te tuawhenua ki Kotarani,
ka noho ki Paranataia. Ko ona tamariki tane i riro
hei karaka, kai-tuhituhi nei, ki te mira katene, whatu
kahu, e tu ana i taua kainga i te tahataha o te awa
purotu. o te Karaire, i te taha ki runga atu o Kara-
ahikou. Ko nga teina me nga tuakana o te papa o
his Maori friends are laughing at him for contemning Maori
chieftainship, and he is in consequence much ashamed.
Hone Tare Tikao's newspapers have been regularly forwarded
to Akaroa, Canterbury. Possibly some other person has
received them from the Post Office. He should inquire.
Mr. Jeff's letter was received too late for publication. We
shall notice the subject in our next.
We have received " Pakeha Maori's" letter, inquiring the
origin and meaning of the term Maori. We are not, at pre-
sent, prepared to go into a learned disquisition on the subject.
No doubt it- came originally from Hawaiki, and it applies to
anything essentially Native in this country, or any country from
which sprung the progenitors of the aboriginal race now in-
habiting New Zealand, as " tangata Maori," native man; " pa-
keha Maori," native, or naturalised, pakeha; " kiore Maori,"
Native rat; " wai Maori," fresh, or native water, &c. Pakeha
Maori, and his friends in dispute, will see at once that a Euro-
pean born in New Zealand could not be called a Maori of New
Zealand, because his position here is purely adventitious—he is
of an alien race. In the same way the term is applied to plants
indigenous to this country, not exotic.
We shall endeavour in next Waka to notice some of the
numerous letters to hand.
 The Subscription to the Waka Maori is 10s., payable
in advance, per year. Persons desirous of becoming subscribers
can have the paper posted to their address by forwarding that
amount to the Editor in Wellington.
DR. LIVINGSTONE.
(Continued from " WAKA. " of 24th Feb., 1874.)
[Perhapa it may be proper to mention that this little sketch
of Dr. Livingstone's life and adventures is compiled principally
from his own published travels, and from a small volume pub-
lished by Ward, Locke, and Tyler, of London, entitled "Living*
stone and Stanley."]
The Rev. David Livingstone, the African traveller
and missionary, was born at Blantyre, upon the
banks of the Clyde, near Glasgow, about 1817. He
was the son of parents in humble life but of excel-
lent character. He was descended from a respectable
line of honest Highland ancestors. His grandfather
was a small farmer in Ulva, one of the Hebrides, where
his father was born. In the introductory autobio-
graphical sketch prefixed to his book of travels he
says:—" Grandfather could give particulars of the
lives of his ancestors for six generations of the
family before him; and the only point of the tradition
I feel proud of is this: one of these poor hardy
islanders was renowned in the district for great
wisdom and prudence; and it is related that when he
was on his deathbed he called all his children around
him and said, ' Now, in my lifetime I have searched
most carefully through all the traditions I could find
of our family, and I never could discover that there
was a dishonest man among our forefathers. If,
therefore, any of you, or any of your children, should
take to dishonest ways, it will not be because it runs
in our blood: it does not belong to you. I leave this
precept with you: Be honest!' " And Dr. Living-
stone was worthy of his ancestry,—he was an honest
man.
His grandfather, finding his farm in Ulva in-
sufficient to support a numerous family, removed to
Blantyre, and his sons were received as clerks in the
cotton mills of Blantyre, on the banks of the beauti-
ful Clyde, above Glasgow. Dr. Livingstone's uncles
all entered the army during the last French war, and
distinguished themselves greatly in the field. His
father remained at home, and carried on a small

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.
57
Takuta Riwingitone i riro katoa hei hoia, i te whawhai
whakamutunga ki a Paraani, ara ki o Wiwi; a i puta
to ratou rongo toa ki reira. Ko te papa o Riwingitone
i noho tonu i te kainga, he toa hokohoko ti tana (e
inumia nei) i te wahi tutata ki taua mira katene. I
mate ia i a Pepuere i te tau 1856, i te takiwa, ki ta
Takuta Riwingitone i ki ai, ara:—" I te taha ki raro
ahau o Tamupo (kei Awherika) i taua takiwa, e hoki
mai ana a hau; a heoi taku i wawata ai i reira ai, ko
te noho i te taha o te ahi o taku papa korero ai ki
aku haerenga i te nuku o te whenua."
Ka tae nga tau o Rawiri Riwingitone ki te kotahi
te kau, ka mea ona matua kia tukua ia ki te mahi
moni, hei whakarawaka i te oranga mo ratou, he
rawakore hoki no ratou. Na, ko etahi atu tamariki
pera me ia te rahi e kura ana, ko ia, ko te tamaiti i
waiho hei tangata rongo nui ki te toro haere whenua,
e mahi oranga ana mo ratou ko ona matua ki te mira
katene. I taua takiwa he nui rawa atu tona hiahia
ki te korero pukapuka kia taea e ia he matauranga
nui; kaore hoki ia i whai whakaaro ki etahi atu
tikanga. Ki hai ia i whakaaro ki te mahi uaua e mahi
nei ia, i hui katoa ona whakaaro ki te matauranga,
ara kia whiwhi pukapuka ia. Ko etahi o nga moni
utu o tona mahi, i te wiki tuatahi i mahi ai ia, i waiho
e ia hei hoko i tetahi pukapuka ako i a ia ki to reo
tawhito o Roma; a e ki ana ko ia ano:—" I tohe
tonu au ki te ako i taua reo, i roto i nga tau maha i
muri iho, i tetahi kura tuwhera i nga ahiahi, timata i
te waru haere ki te tekau o nga haora. Ka hoki mai
ki te whare ka mahi tonu ki te korero i aua pukapuka
taea noa te weheruatanga, haere ake ki te ata hoki;
ma te mea ka rere mai taku whaea ka kapohia atu te
pukapuka i aku ringa, katahi ka mutu, ka moe au.
I te ono o nga haora o te ata ka hoki au ki te mira
mahi ai, ka mahi tonu i reira taea noatia te waru
haora o te ahiahi, te haora mo te kura. He takiwa
iti anake mo te parakuihi mo te tina i hapa i te
mahi."
Ko tenei tohe nui kia taea he matauranga, i roto i
nga raruraru huhua e mate ai te whakaaro me te
kaha o tetahi tu tamaiti, he tohu ia no te kaha nui,
te maia te toa rawa, i kitea i taua tangata i muri iho;
ara i tona putanga rawatanga ki waenganui pu o tera
whenua nui whakaharahara, whenua tauhou, miharo
nui, i tohe ai " nga kingi, nga tangata matau, nga
tangata whakaaro nui o inamata noa, kia kitea kia
matauria e ratou, a kaore i taea." Na, ka whakaaro te
ngakau ki tenei tamaiti rawakore  he tamaiti i
ona tau, he tangata matua i ona whakaaro—
e whakauaua tonu ana ki te mahi i roto i nga
haora roa o te mahi i te mira i taua takiwa, a i te
po e oho ana e whakauaua ana ko nga mahara, te
haere ki te moe kia tau te mauiui i a ia, penei e kore
e ngaro te tikanga i nui ai ia i muri nei.
I taua takiwa e korerotia katoatia ana nga puka-
puka katoa e taka ana mai ki tona aroaro, haunga
ano nga matauranga tuturu e whaia ana hei ako
mana; engari ko nga pukapuka matauranga nui o te
ao, me nga pukapuka o nga haerenga whenua o te
tangata, tana i rekareka ai. Ko enei i muri nei,
ara nga korero haere whenua, he mea tino
rekareka rawa ki a ia; a e korero ana i aua
pukapuka me te tupu ake te whakaaro i roto i a
ia kia haere whenua ia; a nawai ra, kua waihotia
hei whakaaro tuturu mona i te ao i te po. Otira tera
nga uauatanga nui e arai ana i tona hiahia kia kore e
taea. He tamaiti rawakore ia; kaore hoki i ata
akona ki nga matauranga e tika ai te tangata; kaore
hoki he tikanga e tata ana ki a ia e taea ai tona
hiahia haere i nga whenua o te ao. Mehemea ko tetahi
tamaiti, ahakoa pena ano tona hiahia kia kite i te ao,
kua pouri, kua mate tona whakaaro, kua mahara e
kore rawa e taea tona hiahia, a kua ata tuturu iho ia
hei kai mahi noaiho, kua wareware iho ki nga hiahia
o tona tamarikitanga. Otira ko Riwingitone i tohe
business in tea in the neighbourhood of the cotton
mills.   He died in February, 1856, when, as
Dr. Livingstone writes, " I was at the time on my
way below Zumbo, expecting no greater pleasure in
this country than sitting by our cottage fire and tell-
ing him my travels ."
When David Livingstone was ten years old, his
father's means were so small that it was decided the
boy should be sent out to work, by way of adding to
the family purse; so that, while boys of his own
years were at school, the future illustrious explorer
was hard at work (as a "piecer ") in a cotton factory.
At this time his passion for books and learning was
so great, that it almost absorbed every other consider-
ation. Certainly he lost sight of the downright hard
work in which he was engaged, and thought only of
possessing books. With a portion of his first week's
wages he purchased a Latin Grammar, and he says,
"I pursued the study of that language for many
years afterwards with unabated ardour, at an evening
school which met between the hours of eight and ten.
The dictionary part of my labours was followed up
till twelve o'clock, or later, if my mother did not
interfere by jumping up and snatching the book out
of my hands. I had to be back at the factory by six
in the morning, and continue my work, with intervals
for breakfast and dinner, till eight o'clock at night."
This extraordinary example of perseverance under
difficulties that would have crushed the spirits of
most lads, was indicative of the immense energy
which he afterwards displayed in penetrating to the
mysterious centre of that vast continent which
"kings, philosophers, all the great minds of an-
tiquity, longed to know, and longed in vain." And
when one considers the case of the poor boy—a child
in years, but a man in heart;—toiling arduously
during the long factory hours of the day, and at
night devoting himself to severe study instead of
resting his wearied body in sleep, it is not difficult to
account for the greatness to which he attained.
In addition to his regular studies, he was at this
time reading everything that came in his way; but his
supreme delight was in works on scientific subjects
and books of travel. The latter he read with especial
delight; and as he read, the resolution to hereafter
travel and explore was formed, and grew until he
thought of it day and night. But there were difficul-
ties apparently insurmountable in the way. He was
a poor lad, only half educated, and out of any direct
channel through which he might proceed abroad.
Another youth with the same craving for seeing the
world would have desponded, and finally, regarding
his wishes as vain- sunk down into the ordinary opera-
tive, and forgot in a few years all his youthful
aspirations; but Livingstone was determined. to suc-
ceed, and he set himself the task of studying medi-
cine and theology, with a view to find employment in
the East as a missionary. At this time his anxiety
to complete his studies was so great that he read
not merely far into the night, but also while at work
in the mill, placing the volume upon a portion of the

58
TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.
tonu kia taea rawa ano tana i hiahia ai; na reira ka
tahuri ia ki te ako i nga tikanga o te mahi rongoa
(takuta nei), me nga ritenga me nga tikanga o te
whakapono, kia ahei ai ia te haere hei mihinere ki
nga whenua i te taha rawhiti o te ao. He nui rawa
tona hiahia i taua takiwa kia taea e ia nga matau-
ranga e whaia ana e ia; na reira ia ka tohe tonu ki
te korero i ona pukapuka, e hara i te mea i te po
anake, engari i te awatea hoki, i a ia e mahi ana i
roto i te mira. Tana mahi he whakatakoto i tona
pukapuka ki tetahi wahi o te mahini i tona aroaro
hei titiro mana i a ia e mahi ana; e mahi ana e titiro
ana, me te whakaaro ki nga tikanga i roto i tona
ngakau. Ka iwa nga tau i noho ai ia i te mira me te
tohe tonu ki te whai i te matauranga, kaore rawa he
kai awhina i a ia. I muri tata iho o tenei ka wha-
kanuia nga utu mona e nga tangata nana te mira
kia rahi ake; katahi ia ka whai tikanga i taea ai he
akoranga tika ki te reo Kariki, ki te mahi takuta,
me nga tikanga o te whakapono.
He tangata tino whakapono te papa o Riwingi-
tone; a nana i ako tona tama, i a ia ano e tamariki
ana, kia karakia ki te Atua, kia piri tonu hoki ki te
pono; a i tona kaumatuatanga kaore hoki ia i ware-
ware ki taua whakaakoranga. E hara i te mea he
rongo nui tona ki runga ki tana mahi haere whenua
anake; engari, ki ta te Tanare hoki i ki ai, he ta-
ngata ia kua pangia e te ringa o te Atua. Ko tona
ahua tika, hara kore, i roto i nga tau katoa o tona
oranga, e whakamiharotia nuitia ana e nga tangata
pono, ngakau tika, o te ao katoa, a na nga akoranga
tika o tona papa i pera ai ia.
Heoi, no te mutunga ka mutu tona mahi ako i a
ia ki nga matauranga o te ao, katahi ia ka whakaaro
kia haere ia ki Haina hei kainga mahinga mana i te
mahi takuta me te mahi mihinere, e tau ai he pai ki
nga tangata o tera whenua i a ia. Otira, i te wa ka
whano ka riro ia ki reira, ka puta he whawhai ki taua
whenua, a ka whakaaro nga kai manaaki i a ia e kore
e pai kia tukua ia ki reira.
Tera tetahi mihinere kei Awherika i taua takiwa,
ko Rapata Mawhata tona ingoa, he tangata kaha
rawa he tangata ngakau nui ki nga mahi a te Atua.
Kua toru te kau ona tau e mahi ana i reira i Pitiu-
ana, he wehenga no Awherika ki te taha tonga, e
whitu rau maero te pamamao atu i Keepa Taone, ki
te taha whakama. Ko Takuta Riwingitone i wha-
kaaro nui ki nga mahi a taua mihinere, a i mea ia kia
haere atu ia hei hoa mona; no reira ka whakarerea
e ia tona kainga ka rere atu ki Keepa Taone i te tau
1840. Kaore i roa e noho ana i reira ka haere ia ki
utu ki Kurumana; i tika ia ra Arakoa Pei, i te taha
rawhiti o Keepa Taone. He kainga a Kurumana e
nohoia ana e nga mihinere. Ko te kainga mihinere
tena i tawhiti rawa ki uta o Keepa Taone, e tu ana i
te whenua e huaina ana ko Pitiuana. Ka wha ona
tau e mahi ana i taua whenua, katahi ka marenatia ia
ki te tamahine o te Revd. Rapata Mawhata, a ka
haere tahi taua wahine i a ia i ona haerenga katoa
taea noatia tona matenga (o taua wahine ra) i te tau
1862. No te tau 1840; tae noa ki tona hokinga ki
Ingarani i te tau 1856, i mahi tonu a Takuta Riwi-
ngitone i nga mahi mihinere i Kurumana me etahi atu
kainga i te taha tonga o Awherika, a i etahi o ana
haerenga i tae rawa atu ano ia ki nga whenua i utu
rawa. Kotahi te takiwa i motuhia atu e ia tona no-
hoanga i roto i ona hoa Pakeha, noho atu ana i Ritu-
parupa, te wahi kore Pakeha; he kainga tena e rua
rau maero te pamamao atu ki te taha Nota o Kuru-
mana. E ono nga marama i noho ai ia ki  reira, he
mea kia mohio ia ki nga ritenga, me te rerenga wha-
kaaro, nga ture, me te reo, o tetahi wahanga o te iwi
o nga Pitiuana e huaina ana ko nga Pakueeni. I ako
hoki ia ki nga reo o etahi atu iwi mohoao, hianga, me
ona ritenga me ona tikanga karakia ki ona atua; ka
rua hoki ona haerenga i taua whenua nui whakahara-
machine at which he was working, so that he could
catch a sentence now and again, which he analyzed
as he stood - over the machine. For nine years he
remained at the mill, struggling on in the pursuit of
knowledge without assistance. Shortly after this
his wages were increased, and he was enabled to
procure first-class instruction in medicine, Greek,
and theology.
David Livingstone's father being an eminently
pious man, early taught his son to fear God and love
the truth; and the lessons which he received in
these early years he never afterwards forgot, He
was not only illustrious as a traveller and explorer,
but he was, as Mr. Stanley said, a man upon whom
the hand of God had been laid. His blameless life
called forth the admiration of honest, true-hearted
men everywhere, and this may in a great measure be
attributed to the early teachings of his excellent
father.
Having at length completed his studies, Dr. Living-
stone regarded China as the field in which he might.
labour as a medical missionary with profit to the
natives of that country. When, however, about to
embark for China, the opium war broke out, and it
was not deemed expedient for him to proceed thither.
At this time there was an active and energetic
missionary in Africa named Robert Moffat, who had
been about thirty years in the country, labouring
principally in the Bechuana country, which is a divi-
sion of Southern Africa about 700 miles in a north-
east direction from Cape Town.  Dr. Livingstone
having taken a deep interest in the labours of this
missionary, determined to join him, and he accord-
ingly left his country in 1840 for Cape Town. He
remained there but a short time, when he started for
Kuruman, in the interior, going round by Algoa
Bay, eastward of Cape Town. Kuruman is the most
distant missionary station inland from Cape Town,
situate in the Bechuana country. After he had
laboured four years in that country he married the
eldest daughter of the Rev. R. Moffatt, and she ac-
companied him in his travels till her death in 1862.
From 1840 till his return to England at the close of
1856, he laboured perseveringly as a missionary at
Kuruman and many other stations in Southern
Africa, and made several expeditions into the interior.
At one time he retired to a spot called Litubaruba,
situate some 200 miles north of Kuruman, and there
cut himself off from all European society for about
six months, by which means he became acquainted
with the habits, ways of thinking, laws, and language
of that section of the Bechuanas called Bakwains.
He also acquired a knowledge of the language,
habits, and religious notions of several savage tribes,
and crossed the continent twice from the shores of
the Indian Ocean to the Atlantic. His mode of
travelling was in covered-in waggons, drawn by a
number of oxen, and sometimes he travelled mounted
on the oxen themselves. He was always accom-
panied by a number of the natives as guides and
hunters. In one of his early journeys to the

TE WAKA. MAORI O NIU TIRANI.
59
hara, timata i te akau i te Iniana Ohiana put noa atu
ki te tai i tetahi taha, ki te Ataranatiki Ohiana. He wa-
kona ona mea i haere ai, ara he kaata nui, he mea
taupoki a runga, me te tuanui whare nei, he mea to
na nga okiha maha; he mea ano ka haere ia i runga
i te tuara o te okiha, hei hoiho. Haere ai ano hoki
etahi o nga tangata whenua hei kai arahi i a ia, hei
kai patu hoki i nga kuri mohoao hei kai ma ratou. I
tetahi o ana haerenga tuatahi ki nga maunga i huaina
ko nga Paakaa, e toru rau maero te pamamao atu ki
te taha whakama, i haere ia i raro i te whenua, he
mate hoki no nga okiha ki te to i nga wakona. Ka
rongo ia ki reira ki etahi mangumangu tauhou ki a ia,
he mea katahi ano ka hui mai ki tona tira, kaore i ma-
tau he tangata mohio ia ki to ratou reo, e korero ana ki
tona ahua me tona kaha, ka mea: " E hara ia i te ta-
ngata kaha, he tangata paku marire. Na te mea e whao-
ngia ana ona waewae ki roto ki te peeke (mo te tarau
tenei) i ahua rahi ai. Akuanei mate ai i te hae-
renga." Otira, ka kite ratou i muri, nana i whaka-
kaha i to ratou haere i kaha ai, po noa, ao noa. I
tae ano he Pakeha hokohoko ki aua maunga i mua
ai; otira kaore i ora, i mate katoa ratou ko ona hoa
i te piwa (kiri ka)—mate rawa atu. Te tikanga i
haere ai a Takuta Riwingitone ki reira, he whaka-
rite teihana nohoanga mihinere i roto i nga Pakue-
eni. No te hokinga mai ki Kurumana ki te tiki mai
i ona taputapu, ka tae mai hoki te rongo, i muri tonu
i a ia, ko nga Pakueeni kua panaia atu i o ratou
kainga e tetahi iwi, he whawhai okiha, kau, ma ratou
—he take whawhai tonu tena na nga iwi o te taha ki
uta i Awherika, he taonga nui hoki te kau ki a ratou.
Heoi, ka kimi ano a Takuta Riwingitone ki tetahi
atu kainga hei nohoanga mihinere.
Ko etahi o nga tangata o te takiwa ki Paakaa i
haere mai i a ia i tona hokinga mai ki Kurumana, a i
haere ia ki te whakahoki i aua tangata ki te kainga
o to ratou rangatira, a Hekomai; e rua, e toru
atu, rau maero o te whenua i haere ai. I haere ia i
runga i te okiha. No te hokinga mai ki Kurumana
ka kite ia i tetahi awaawa i huaina ko Mapota, a ka
waiho e ia taua awaawa hei kainga mihinere, ka noho
hoki ia ki reira i te tau 1843. Ka whano ia ka mate
i taua kainga. He nui te mate o nga tangata o
Mapota i te kuri nei i te raiona; tana mahi he rere
ki roto ki nga taiepa kau i te po kai ai i nga uwha.
Tetahi, he ngau ano i nga kahui kau i te awatea rawa
ano. He mahi hou tenei na te raiona i te awatea,
na reira nga tangata ka whakaaro kua whaiwhaiatia
ratou e tetahi iwi—ara kua tukua atu ratou ki te toa
o te raiona. Kotahi to ratou haerenga ki te patu
raiona, a hoki kau ana mai, kahore he raiona i mate.
Kua mohiotia ki te patua tetahi raiona kotahi i
roto i te kahui, e kore ona hoa e noho iho i taua
wahi, ka haere katoa atu he whenua ke noho ai. No
reira, no tetahi haerenga mai o nga raiona ki te kai i
nga kau, ka haere tahi atu a Takuta Riwingitone
i te iwi hei whakahau i a ratou kia toa ai ratou ki te
patu i tetahi, kia wehi ai te kahui, kia watea te
whenua. Rokohanga atu e noho ana nga raiona i
runga i tetahi puke hakahaka nei, he mea kua tu-
pungia e te rakau. Katahi ka karapotia te puke ra
e taua iwi, ka piki whakawhaiti haere, nawai ra ka
piri tonu ratou, kaore he putanga mo nga raiona.  Ko
Riwingitone raua ko tetahi tangata o taua iwi, ko
Mepawe te ingoa, i raro i te putake e tu ana. Ka kite
raua i tetahi o nga raiona e noho ana i runga i tetahi
toka i roto i te porowhitatanga o nga tangata nei. Ka
puhia atu e Mepawe, ka tu ke te mata ki te toka i
noho ai te raiona ra. Katahi ka ngau atu te raiona ra
ki te wahi i tu ai te mata, me te kuri nei ano ka ngau
ki te rakau e whiua ana ki a ia; muri iho ka rere
atu, puta tonu atu i te wehi o nga tangata. I wehi
ai ratou, he whakaaro kua makututia ratou. Muri
iho ka karapotia ano te puke ra; otira ko taua ahua
ano, ka rua nga raiona i tukua, ko te mea tuatahi ka
Bakaa Mountains, some 300 miles north-east of
Kuruman, he had to perform the journey for
the most part on foot, in consequence of some of
the oxen having become sick. Some of the natives
who had recently joined his party, and did not
know that he understood a little of their language
were overheard by him discussing his appearance
and powers:—"He is not strong; he is quite
slim, and only appears stout because he puts him-
self into those bags (tousers); he will soon knock
up." But they soon found he was able to keep
them at the top of their speed for days together.
These mountains had been visited before by a trader,
who with all his people perished from fever. Dr.
Livingstone's object in undertaking this journey was
to establish a mission station among the Bakwains;
but on returning to Kuruman to bring up his luggage,
the news followed him that the friendly Bakwains
had been driven from their homes by another tribe
in an outbreak of war for the possession of cattle—a
very common cause of war amongst the tribes in the
interior of Africa. He was obliged, therefore, to look
out anew for a suitable place for a mission station.
As some of the people from the Bakaa Mountains
district had accompanied him on his return to Kuru-
man, he made a journey of some hundreds of miles to
the residence of their chief Sekomi, for the purpose of
restoring them to that chief. This journey he per-
formed on ox-back. Returning again towards Kuru-
man, he selected the valley of Mabotsa as the site
of a missionary station, and removed thither in 1843.
Here an occurrence took place which was very nearly
fatal to him. The people of the village Mabotsa were
much troubled by lions, which leaped into their
cattle pens by night and destroyed their cows. They
even attacked the herds in open day. This was so
unusual that the people believed they were bewitched
—" given," as they said, " into the power of the lions
by a neighbouring tribe." They went once to attack
the animals, but returned without killing any.
It is well known that if one in a troop of lions be
killed, the others leave that part of the country.
The next time, therefore, the herds were attacked,
Dr. Livingstone went with the people, in order to
encourage them to rid themselves of the annoyance
by destroying one of the marauders. They found
the lions on a small hill, which was covered with
trees. A circle of men was formed round it, and
they gradually closed up, ascending pretty near to
each other. Livingstone was down below on the
plain with a native named Mebalwe. They saw one
of the lions sitting on a rock within the now closed
circle of men. Mebalwe fired at him, and the ball
struck the rock on which the animal was sitting.
He bit at the spot struck, as a dog does at a stick or
a stone thrown at him; then, leaping away, broke
through the opening circle of men and escaped.
The men were afraid to attack him on account of
their belief in witchcraft. The circle was again
formed, but they allowed two other lions to escape
in the same way. According to the custom of the
country, they should have speared the lions in their
attempt to escape. The party then returned towards
the village, and, in going round the end of the hill

60
TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.
toru ai. Tona tikanga, me wero i te raiona i a ia e
oma ana. Katahi ratou ka hoki whaka te kainga;
ka tae ratou ki tetahi pito o te puke, e huri ana ki
tetahi taha, ka kite ano a Riwingitone i tetahi raiona
e noho ana ano i runga i tetahi toka, he rakau
paku nei i mua mai o te toka e tu ana. Katahi ka
puhia nga kohatu taua ruao tona pu ma roto i te rakau
ra; e toru te kau pea iari te pamamao atu o te
raiona. Katahi ka pa te karanga a te iwi ra; " Kua
tu! Kua tu! " Ka kitea e Riwingitone te whiore o
te raiona i runga atu o te rakau e tawhiu ana. Katahi
ia ka karanga atu;—" Taihoa; kia purua ano e au
taku pu." E akina iho ana e ia nga mata, ka
hamama nga waha ki te karanga. Tona ohonga i oho
ai, te tahuritanga atu ka kite ia i te raiona e rere mai
ana ki runga ki a ia. Inamata kua mau nga niho o te
raiona ki tona pakihiwi, hinga ana raua tahi ko te
raiona ki te whenua. Ngunguru ana te raiona ki roto
ki tona taringa, ngau ruru ana me he kiore e ngaua
rurutia ana e te kuri. E ki ana ia kaore ia i rongo
mamae, kaore ia i wehi; i tu a ahua wairangi ona
whakaaro, engari ko te mohio i mohio tonu ia. Tona
hurihanga i a ia kia pahemo atu ia i te taumahatanga
o te raiona, e tu ana hoki tetahi waewae ki tona kohamo,
ka kite ia i nga kanohi o te raiona e titiro atu ana ki
a Mepawe e tu mai ana i tahaki e whakamatau ana ki
te pupuhi i te raiona. He tupara ngutu parera te pu,
no te puhanga he heke anake nga kohatu taua rua; ka-
tahi ka whakarerea te Riwingitone e te raiona, ka mau
ki te huwha o Mepawe. Ka rere mai tetahi tangata ki
te wero i te raiona, i a ia e ngau ana i a Mepawe.
Ka hopungia e te raiona taua tangata ki te pakihiwi;
heoi ko te matenga tena o te raiona i mate ai, ina-
mata kua hinga ki te whenua, kua mate—kua mate
ke atu i nga mata i tu ki a ia, e whakamate ana tena
e ngaungau ki te tangata na. Ko te iwi o te amo-
wahie o te ringa o te Riwingitone i maru rawa,
mawhaki rawa nga maramara, te kau ma tahi nga
waitohu o nga niho o te raiona i tona ringa.
Tena tetahi rangatira no nga Pakueeni o reira i
waiho e Takuta Riwingitone hei hoa mona, whakahoa
ana raua ki a raua, ko Hekere tona ingoa. I tahuri
taua rangatira ki te whakapono ki te Atua; a he nui
tona mahi awhina i a Takuta Riwingitone i ona
haerenga i muri iho. No tona kitenga he nui rawa
te hiahia o Takuta Riwingitone kia whakapono nga
tangata o taua iwi ki a te Karaiti, ka mea ia;—" He
mahara tau tera e whakarongo enei tangata ki te
korero kau? Ma te patu anake ratou te rongo ai ki
aku korero; a, ki te pai koe, ka whiua ratou e matou
ko aku tangata ki te wipu, katahi ka rongo katoa,
ka whakapono katoa." He mea tauhou ki a ia, he
mea miharo nui, te ata korero ki nga tangata ware
kia tahuri mai ki te Whakapono; ara ko nga tu
tangata e kore nei ia e pa ki a ratou ki te ui ki ta
ratou e pai ai i runga i etahi atu tikanga. I te
rangi i iriiria ai ia, me ona tamariki, he tokomaha i
huihui mai kia kite i te iriiringa. Ko etahi i mahara,
ko nga tangata e iriiri ana ka whakainumia ki te wai
kua whakahanumitia ki te " roro tangata mate;" a i
miharo nui ratou no te kitenga he wai-maori kau te
mea i iriiria ai. Na etahi tangata whawhai ki te
Whakapono, e noho ana i te taha Tonga, taua korero
parau ra. Mo te hiahia o Takuta Riwingitone kia
haere ia kia kite i nga iwi o uta rawa, ka tuhi atu
taua rangatira ki te koraha nui i huaina ko te Kara-
hari, ka mea;—" E kore rawa koe e puta i tena
koraha ki nga iwi e noho mai ana i tera taha. E
kore rawa e taea e matou nei ano, e nga mangu-
mangu. Heoi te wa e taea ai e matou ko te wa e
tupono ai he ua nui, kia tupu nui ai hoki nga me-
rangi o te koraha. Me i kore aua merangi, ko matou
ano, nga tangata nona te kainga, ka mate ano—mate
rawa." Otira i puta ano a Riwingitone i taua koraha
i muri mai, ko Hekere ano hoki tona kai-awhina.
Kaore he Pakeha kia puta i taua koraha i mua atu i
Livingstone saw one of the lions seated on a rock as
before, with a little bush in front of him. He took
aim through the bush at a distance of thirty yards
from the animal, and fired both barrels into his body.
The men called out, "He is shot! He is shot!"
Livingstone saw the lion's tail erected in anger
behind the bush, and turning to the people he said,
" Stop a little till I load again." He was in the act
of ramming down the bullets when he heard a shout.
Starting and looking half round he saw the lion in
the act of springing upon him. In the same instant
the lion caught him by the shoulder and they both
came to the ground together, the lion growling in
his ear, and shaking him as a dog would a rat. He
says he had no sense of pain or feeling of terror; he
was in a sort of dreamy state, though quite conscious
of all that was happening. Turning round to relieve
himself of the weight, as the beast had one paw on
the back of his head, he saw the eyes of the lion
directed to Mebalwe, who was trying to shoot him at
a distance of about ten yards. His gun, a flint one,
missed fire in both barrels, and the lion immediately
left Livingstone and seized Mebalwe by the thigh.
Another man attempted to spear the lion while he
was biting Mebalwe. He caught this man by the
shoulder, but at that moment the bullets he had
received took effect, and he fell down dead. The
bone of Dr. Livingstone's arm was crunched into
splinters, and eleven teeth wounds were left in
his arm.
Dr. Livingstone became very much attached to a
chief of the Bakwains named Sechele. This chief
embraced Christianity, and was afterwards of great
assistance to Livingstone in his travels . Seeing the
anxiety of Dr. Livingstone that the people should be-
lieve in Christ, he once said, " Do you imagine these
people will ever believe by your merely talking to
them? I can make them do nothing except by thrash-
ing them; and, if you like, I shall call my head men,
and with our whips we will soon make them believe
altogether." The idea of using persuasion and en-
treaty to common people to become Christians, whose
opinion on no other matter would he condescend to
ask, was especially surprising to him. On the day
on which he and his children were baptized, great
numbers attended to see the ceremony. Some
thought, from a calumny circulated by enemies to
Christianity in the south, that the converts would be
made to drink an infusion of " dead men's brains,"
and were astonished to find that water only was used
at baptism. In reference to Dr. Livingstone's desire
to visit some of the tribes in the interior of the coun-
try, he said, pointing to the great Kalahari Desert,
" You can never cross that country to the tribes
beyond. It is utterly impossible even for us black
men, except in certain seasons, when more than the
usual supply of rain falls, and an extraordinary growth
of water melons follows. Even we who know the
country would certainly perish without them." But,
assisted by Sechele himself, Livingstone did sub-
sequently cross that desert; which had never pre-
viously been crossed by any white man, though often
attempted, but always with fatal consequences.

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.
61
a Riwingitone; he tokomaha i whakamatau, he mate
tonu tanga hanga.
Ko te rangatiratanga o taua iwi, he rangatiratanga
kaumatua. Ko ia tangata, ko ia tangata, e riro ana
hei rangatira, hei ariki, mo ana tamariki. Ko o ratou
whare e taiawhio noa ana te tu i waho mai o tona; 
ka nui haere ona tamariki, ka nui haere hoki tona
mana, to te ariki. No kona he hanga te tamariki e
manaakitia nuitia ana, e atawhaitia nuitia ana. Ko
nga tangata rawakore, ka piri atu ki te tangata whai
taonga, a ka kiia hei tamariki mana. Kei waenganui
tonu te turanga o te whare o te tino ariki o te
kainga; ko nga whare o nga rangatira o raro iho, me
a ratou tamariki, me a ratou tangata katoa, kei
tahaki mai e tu ana, puta noa ki tetahi taha ki tetahi
taha.
Ko etahi wahi o Awherika, i etahi takiwa o te tau,
o tino rakia rawatia ana i te ra; mimiti rawa te wai o
nga awa, pau ana te whenua katoa atu i te ra, puka-
takata ana tena; he nui nga kuri o te koraha e mate
ana i te kore wai, tare ana nga arero ki waho. Heoi
te mea e taea ai he wai i aua takiwa, me keri ki te
whenua kia hohonu he rua; a he mea ano e kore
rawa e taea he wai. Tera nga tohunga, kei nga iwi
katoa, hei karakia i te ua kia ua ai, He " takuta ua "
ano hoki a Hekere, me tana whakapono ano ki taua
mahi. I tetahi tau raki ka mahara nga Pakueeni
kua makuturia to ratou rangatira, a Hekere, e
Takuta Riwingitone, i kore ai e karakiatia he ua;
katahi ka mui mai nga kaumatua ki a Takuta
Riwingitone kia tukua a Hekere ki te mahi i tetahi
ua, " kia iti nei," ki ta ratou i ki ai. Ka mea;
—" Ki te kore koe e whakaae ka mate te kaanga,
ka marara ke hoki matou. Whakaaetia mai
kia kotahi noa nei tona mahinga mai i te ua,
kati; katahi matou ka haere katoa mai ki to
kura, nga tane, nga wahine, me nga tamariki, ki
reira waiata ai, inoi ai, ki tau e pai ai." Ka karakia
te takuta ua , ka tango he manawa raiona, he whekau
no nga kuri maka o te koraha, he kiri nakahi, me
nga tarutaru me nga akaaka noa atu o te ngahere-
here, hei mahi mana; ka whanga marire nga tangata,
no te putanga e te ua ka kiia na te karakia o te
takuta ua i puta i.
Kei nga takiwa raki ka rupeke mai nga kuri nui o
te koraha ki nga wahi i nga puna wai noho ai, a
patua ana e nga tangata whenua i roto i tetahi kari
i huaina ki to ratou reo he " hopo." He taiepa te ho-
po, e rua taiepa, tetahi i tetahi taha tetahi i tetahi ta-
ha, he penei nei  te ahua; kei te whaititanga he mea
teitei rawa, he mea matotoru rawa. Kaore e tutakina
ana i te whaititanga, engari he mea whakatika tonu
atu, i tetahi taha i tetahi taha, kia rima te kau iari te
roa, hei ara mo nga kuri; he korua kei te mutunga,
he mea keri kia waru putu te hohonu, te kau ma rua
putu te roa me te whanui. He mea whakatakoto
nga taha ki te rakau taimaha hei tauwharenga kia
kore ai nga kuri e taea te piki. He mea whakauwhi
a runga ki te raupo hou, kia ngaro ai te korua. Ko
nga taiepa he kotahi maero te whanui i te pito tima-
tanga. Katahi ka hui mai te iwi ka taiawhio haere i
te whenua, ka toru ka wha maero e haere ana, me te
whakawhaiti haere mai ki te tuwheratanga o nga
taiepa; na ka whati haere mai nga kuri o te koraha,
nga kau, nga tia, nga aha atu, ka mene mai ki wae-
nganui o nga taiepa e tuwhera ana hei ara mo ratou.
Katahi ka whaiti mai nga tangata, ka hamama haere
nga waha ki te a mai i nga kuri ki te whaititanga o te
hopo; kei reira etahi tangata, kei nga taha e huna
ana, hei kai wero i nga kuri. Katahi ka rere tonu atu
nga kuri i te wehi, u a ratou; ka rere atu ki roto ki
te ara whaiti e tuwhera ana i mua atu i a ratou, haere
tonu atu taka tonu atu ki roto ki te poka; ma te
mea ka ki tonu, katahi ka puta etahi ma runga i nga
tuara o etahi. He hanga aroha nui ia. Katahi ka
hihiri rawa te iwi ki te werowero i aua kuri ataahua,
The government of these people is patriarchal,
each man being chief of his own children. They
build their huts around his, and the greater the num-
ber of children, the more his importance increases.
Hence children are esteemed a great blessing, and
are always treated kindly. A poor man attaches
himself to a rich one, and is considered his child.
The principal chief has his house in the middle of the
town, and the other chiefs with their dependants
build all around it.
Some parts of Africa at certain seasons of the year
are subject to excessive droughts; many of the rivers
dry up entirely, and the whole country is scorched up;
many of the animals die from want of water, which is
only to be obtained by sinking deep wells, and not
always then. There are priests or magicians in-
every tribe who profess to be able to bring rain.
The chief Sechele was himself a noted " rain doctor,"
and believed in it implicitly. On the occasion of
one of these droughts the Bakwains believed that
Dr. Livingstone had bound Sechele with some magic
spell, and he received deputations of the old coun-
sellors, entreating him to allow the chief to make
only a few showers;—" The corn will die if you
refuse, and we shall become scattered. Only let
him make rain this once, and we shall all, men,
women, and children, come to the school and sing
and pray as long as you please." The rain-doctor
performs his incantations, using lions' hearts, and
the internal parts of various wild animals, serpents'
skins, and plants and roots of every description; the
people wait, and when rain comes it is ascribed to
the agency of the rain-doctor and his spells.
Very great numbers of large animals congregate
near the springs in these seasons of drought, and the
natives kill large numbers of them in a trap called a
" hopo." The hopo consists of hedges, in the form of
the letter V, which are very thick and high near the
angle. Instead of the hedges being joined there,
they are made to form a lane of about fifty yards in
length, at the extremity of which a pit is formed,
about eight feet deep, and about twelve feet in
breadth and length. Trunks of trees are laid across
the margins of the pit, so as to form an overlapping
border, rendering escape almost impossible. The
whole is carefully covered with green rushes, effect-
ually concealing the pit. The hedges are frequently
a mile long, and about as much apart at their extremi-
ties. A tribe, therefore, making a circle three or
four miles round the country adjacent to the opening,
and gradually closing up, are sure to enclose a large
body of game of various kinds. They then drive it
up with shouts to the narrow part of the hopo, and
men secreted there throw their javelins into the
affrighted herds, and on the animals rush to the
opening presented at the converging hedges, and into
the pit, till that is full of a living mass. Some escape
by running over the backs of the others. It is a
frightful scene. The men, wild with excitement,
spear the lovely animals with mad delight; others of
the poor creatures, borne down by the weight of their
dead and dying companions, every now and then
make the whole mass heave in their smothering
agonies. The Bakwains often killed in this way
sixty or seventy head of large game in a single week

62
TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.
pai nei; tu ana te tara o te tangata, he mahi ahuareka
nana. Ko etahi o aua kuri kua takahia ki raro e
mate ana i te taumaha o etahi, u a ratou; a e wha-
kangarue ake ana e pana ake ana i te katoa i te
korikoringa i te mate. E tae ana ki te ono te kau,
ki te whitu te kau, nga kuri e mate penei ana i nga
Pakueeni i roto i te wiki kotahi; a e kainga ana e te
katoa, te iti me te rahi, te rawakore me te mea whai
rawa.
Kaore matou e whai takiwa ana kia roa atu he
korero ma matou mo nga mahi a Takuta Riwingitone
i tenei putanga o te Waka; engari e mea ana matou
kia korerotia ano i tera putanga.
TURANGANUI.
TE HUINGA O NGA MAORI KI A TE HUPERITENE.
I TE Hatarei, te 14 o nga ra o Pepuere kua taha nei,
ka haere atu i Turanganui te Huperitene o Akarana
ratou ko ona hoa, ka haere ki Pakirikiri. He nui
nga Ma ori, e toru pea rau, i hui ki reira kia kite i a
ia, ki te karanga hoki ki a ia ki Turanga. He nui a
ratou korero ki a te Huperitene; i whakapuakina
katoatia e ratou o ratou whakaaro ki a ia mo nga
tikanga o to ratou kainga. He mea tuhituhi ki te
pukapuka. Ko nga kupu whakahoki enei a te Hupe-
ritene ki a ratou.
E hoa ma, tena koutou. Taku tangi ki a koutou,
no matou katoa ko aku hoa i haere tahi mai i au i
Akarana. E whakapai ana au ki a koutou mo to
koutou karanga aroha ki a matou. He manaaki
tenei na koutou ka haere nui mai nei koutou ki konei
ki tenei hui. Tenei kei au a koutou korero, a kua
ata whakarongo au ki a koutou kupu. Ko etahi o
nga tikanga i roto i taua korero e tika ana kia wha-
kaputaia mai ki au hei whakaaronga maku, a ko taku
whakaaro e mea ana kia taea e au aua mea te wha-
kaahua ke, te whakapai kia pai, kia rite ai ki ta kou-
tou, me ta o koutou hoa Pakeha o tenei whenua nui,
e hiahia ana; ko etahi o aua tikanga ma koutou ake
ano, koutou ko te Kawana e whakatika e tika ai.
Ko nga mea e ahei ai au te whakatika, maku ano ena
e tirotiro; engari ko etahi me kawe e koutou kia
tirohia e to koutou hoa, a te Makarini, a e mohio ana
au akuanei ano ia tahuri ai ki te whakaora i o koutou
mate, ki tana e ahei ai, mehemea ka kite ia he mate
ano to koutou.
E kore e korerotia e au te take o etahi o o koutou
mate. I mua ai e mahi tika ana, e whakahaere tika
ana, koutou; kaore ano hoki kia maha noa nga tau
kua taha nei i muri mai o taua takiwa. I reira ai he
mahi nui ta koutou ki te hokohoko ki Akarana; he
kaipuke hoki a koutou ake ano i reira ai hei kawe-
kawe i a koutou witi, aha atu, ki Akarana. Otira i
ohorere te tukunga iho o te pouritanga ki runga i a
koutou, a i whakamarara ketia koutou i roto i te
pouritanga o taua takiwa whakawehiwehi, a ko o
koutou hoa Pakeha i noho tahi i a koutou i omaoma
ki etahi wahi oranga mo ratou. . Ko tenei e hari ana
au ki te ao marama ka whiti nei ano hoki ki runga ki
a koutou, a hei takiwa marama tenei ka tuwhera nei
i mua i a koutou ko o koutou tamariki. Kua wha-
kapouritia nuitia koutou e nga mahi a etahi tangata
kino; ko tenei kua whakamaramatia koutou e te
Kuini kia hoki mai ki o koutou kainga me a koutou
mahi ahu-whenua. Kaua koutou e pouri ki nga ma-
hinga kua taha atu nei. Me kaha ano koutou ki a
koutou mahi ahu-whenua, aha atu. Mahia te whe-
nua; he momonatanga tona, ka rere noa ake te kai
i a ia hei oranga mo koutou ko o koutou tamariki, a
ka toe ano hoki etahi hei hoko ma koutou ki te Pa-
keha. Whakaaraia ano nga kura, kia tata ki o kou-
tou kainga, hei ako i o koutou tamariki; awhinatia o
and every one, rich and poor, partook of the prey.
We cannot afford time or space to pur sue Dr.
Livingstone's adventures further in this issue; but
we trust to be able to continue the subject in our
next.
 TURANGANUI.
MEETING OF NATIVES WITH HIS HONOR THE
SUPERINTENDENT.
ON Saturday, the 14th day of February last, His
Honor the Superintendent of Auckland, and party,
proceeded from Turanganui to Pakirikiri. A large
number of Natives, probably three hundred, assem-
bled at that place to meet him, and to welcome him
to Turanga. They presented an address to him
containing their thoughts and desires in reference to
the affairs of their district; and much conversation
subsequently took place between him and them.
The following is the Superintendent's reply:—
MY FRIENDS,—Salutations to you.
On behalf of myself and of my friends who have
come with me from Auckland, I greet you. I thank
you for the cordial welcome you have just given us.
It is very kind of you to come here in such large
numbers to attend this meeting. I have your address,
and have listened to your statements with attention.
There are several matters referred to therein which
are very properly stated for my consideration, and
which I trust to be able to alter and improve so as to
meet your wishes  and the wishes of your European
friends and neighbours in this great district; there
are others which can only be made straight by your-
selves and by the Governor. Such things as come
within my own power to amend, I shall attend to; but
you must bring the other complaints under your
friend Mr. McLean's notice, who will, I am sure, do
all in his power to remedy your grievances where he
thinks you are aggrieved.
I need not remind you of the cause of many of
your complaints. Not very many years ago you
were going on well, and you had a large trade with
Auckland; you had your. own vessels on the Coast, in
which you conveyed to the port of Auckland your
own grown wheat and other produce. But darkness
suddenly overshadowed you, and you were scattered
in the deep gloom of that terrible time, and your
European friends who had settled down beside you
were obliged to fly for safety to other places. I am
very glad to see that the light of day is again shining
upon you, and that bright prospects are opening
before you and your children. You have been
greatly discouraged by the evil deeds of bad men;
but now you have been encouraged by the Queen to
return to your places and resume your industry.
You must not allow yourselves to be cast down by
the past occurrences. Be active again in your works
of industry. Till the ground; it is rich, and will
readily yield food for yourselves and your children,
and leave plenty over and above that for sale to
Europeans. Let schools for instruction of your chil-
dren be again established near your dwelling-places,
and assist your European friends who have confi-
dence in your land, and who are settling in large
numbers in your district, without any fear of a

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.
63
koutou hoa Pakeha e whakapono ana ki to koutou
kainga, e whakanohoia nuitia ana te whenua i to
koutou takiwa nei, a kaore hoki e pairi ana koi ma-
hia ano nga mahi kino, kohuru, a nga tangata kino
kua ngaro atu nei i roto i a koutou. Ko aku kupu
ako enei ki a koutou; a e mea ana au e kore pea e
whakaparahakotia e koutou. Heoi.
Na to koutou hoa,
NA TE WIREMUTANA,
Huperitene.
TUTUKITANGA WHAKAWEHIWEHI I TE
MOANA.
E RUA RAU E RUA TE KAU MA ONO NGA TANGATA
KA MATE.
TENA te korero, kei nga nupepa mai o Ingarani inai-
anei, o tetahi matenga nui i te moana, he tutukitanga
no tetahi tima o Wiwi me tetahi kaipuke noaiho o
Ingarani. Tena etahi moutere e iwa, ko nga Ahore
te ingoa, e tu putuputu ana i te moana i te taha
hauauru o Potukara, e 800 maero te pamamao atu i
taua whenua, kei te ara tonu o nga kaipuke e rerere
ana i waenganui o luropi o Amerika. Ko taua tima
o Wiwi (Ville du Havre) e rere mai ana i Niu laaka
(i Amerika) ki Hawera (he taone tunga kaipuke i te
takutai ki te taha hauauru o to Wiwi whenua), he
kawe mai i nga meera me etahi tini tangata; no te
tatanga ki aua moutere ka tutuki raua ko tetahi kai-
puke noaiho, ko te Raka Ana te ingoa, no Karahikou,
he taone kei Kotarani; no te 2 o nga haora o te ata
po nei i. te 22 o nga ra o Nowema i tutuki ai, a i roto
i nga miniti te kau ma rua tonu kua totohu rawa.
Nga tangata i runga e 313, he wahi iti kua matemate
katoa, he tokoiti hoki nga morehu.
He nui nga tangata rangatira i runga i taua tima,
e haere mai ana i Amerika me a ratou wahine me a
ratou tamariki ki o Wiwi noho ai i te takiwa o te
hotoke. Nga morehu, he tamariki etahi kua ngaro
nga matua, he matua etahi kua ngaro nga tamariki;
ko etahi, i ngaro ko nga tuahine, ko nga tungane.
I to takiwa i rere mai ai taua tima i Niu laaka, puta
noa mai ki nga rangi katoa o muri, i ngaro katoa te
moana i te kohu, pouriuri ana; a i tupato tonu te
kapene me nga apiha kei mate to ratou tima, matatu
tonu ana. I te po o te Taitei, te 20 o Nowema, ka
ahua mahea te kohu; a i te Parairei ka kaha te hau, ka
ngarungaru te moana. Te po o te Parairei he po
marama. katahi ka haere nga tangata ki te moe, ka
ora hoki te ngakau i te kohu kua mahea, e mahara
ana ka rere pai tena to ratou kaipuke ki te kainga.
Ko te kapene, ki hai i mahue i a ia te papa ki runga
o te tima i te rerenga mai ra ano i Niu laaka, katahi
ia ka heke ki raro ki te moe, ka waiho tetahi o nga
apiha o raro i a ia hei tiaki i te tima. Heoi, i te moe
katoa nga tangata, haunga nga kai tiaki o te tima, a
ahua pai marire ana te haere. I te rua o nga haora
i te ata o te 22 o nga ra, te Hatarei, ka oho whaka-
rere ake ratou katoa i te moe i to rato u kaipuke kua
pakia; ngateri ana te kaipuke i te ihu, i te ke, puta
noa ki te tangere. Ko te rerenga i rere ake ai nga
tane, nga wahine, me nga tamariki, ki te papa ki runga
o te tima, ko nga kahu moenga anake nga kahu.
Katahi ratou ka kite i te ihu o tetahi kaipuke nui e
tawharara ana i runga i to ratou tima, ka rongo hoki
ki te pokaretanga o te wai e rere ana ki roto ki te
tima—he tohu no te mate. Ko te Raka Ana, he
kaipuke nui no Karahikou, i rere mai i Riwapuuru e
rere ana ki Niu laaka, kua tutuki ki te taha katau o to
ratou tima ki waenganui pu. Te kau ma rua putu te
whanui o te wahi i pakaru rawa o te papa o te tima;
rua te kau ma rima, tae ki te toru te kau, putu te roa
o te pakarutanga o nga papa rino o te kaokao o te
tima. Ko te moana e ngarungaru ana i taua wahi,
engari ko te hau i iti marire. Ki hai i tika te
whakaaro o nga tangata i te wehi, he ponana noa iho
repetition of the dark deeds of the bad men who
have passed away from amongst; you. These are my
words of advice", which I am sure will not be dis-
regarded by you. Enough. From your friend
J. WILLIAMS ON,
Superintendent 
TERRIBLE COLLISION AT SEA.
TWO HUNDRED AND TWENTY-SIX LIVES LOST.
THERE is an account in the late papers from
England of a dreadful accident at sea—a collision
between a French steamer and an English sailing
ship. There is a group of islands, nine in number,
called the Azores, situate about 800 miles west of
Portugal, in the track of vessels sailing between
Europe and America. The French steamer (Ville
du Havre) when off these islands, bound from New
York for Havre (a commercial port on the west coast
of France) with mails and passengers, came into
collision with the sailing ship the " Loch Earn," of
Glasgow, at 2 o'clock on the morning of the 22nd
of November, and was sunk in the brief period of
twelve minutes, with nearly the whole of her crew
and passengers, numbering 313 souls. Many of the
cabin passengers were gentlemen with their wives.
and families, who were leaving America to spend the
winter in France. Among the survivors are children
who have lost their parents, and parents who have
lost their children; others, their sisters and brothers.
From the time of the vessel sailing from New York
a thick fog prevailed, which necessitated the most
careful attention on the part of the captain and
officers. On the night of Thursday, the 20th No-
vember, the fog began to clear away, and on Friday
a breeze sprang up, which raised a somewhat heavy
swell. Friday night was a bright starlight night, and
passengers and crew, relieved to some extent from
the danger which surrounded them during the fog,
retired to rest with hopes of a pleasant voyage to
France. The captain, who had scarcely quitted the
deck since the vessel left New York, went to his
cabin about 12 o'clock, leaving the second officer in
charge. The passengers were all in bed, and every-
thing seemed going on well. About 2 o'clock a.m. on
Saturday, the 22nd, all were startled from  their slum-
bers by a dreadful crash, which seemed to shake every
part of the vessel. Men, women, and children rushed
on deck in their night-dresses, to see the bows of a
 large vessel projecting over the deck of the " Ville
du Havre," and to hear the rushing of the water
into their own ill-fated vessel. The " Loch Earn,"
a large vessel belonging to Glasgow, bound from
Liverpool to New York, had struck them on the
starboard side, just about midships, cutting a hole in
her deck twelve feet deep, and breaking in the
iron plates of the steamer for twenty-five or thirty
feet. There was rather a heavy sea on at the time,
but very little wind. The terror which prevailed
among the passengers paralyzed their efforts to save
themselves. Many threw themselves on their knees
in prayer; many giving themselves up to despair on
hearing the water rushing into the vessel, and, feeling
that she was rapidly sinking, never quitted their
state rooms—fathers, mothers, and children going
down together. At this moment there was no out-
cry, but all seemed to meet calmly the death that
was soon to overtake them. From the force of the
collision the mainmast and mizenmast fell, smashing
in their fall the two large boats of the steamer, and
killing numbers of passengers; and from the rapidity

TE WAKA'MAORI O NIU TIRANI.
te ahua. Ko etahi i koropiko ki te inoi ki te Atua;
he nui, no te rongonga ki te wai e rere mai ana ki
roto ki to ratou tima, kua mohiotia he mate tena he
totohu, a kaore tonu i puta ake ki runga, i noho tonu
i roto i o ratou takiwa, a heke tahi ana ki raro, ngaro
tahi atu ana i te wai—nga papa, nga whaea, me nga
tamariki, heke tahi atu ana ki raro. I taua takiwa
kaore i rangona te waha o te tangata e tangi ana,
kaore he aha; e tatari mane ana te katoa ki te mate,
he wahangu katoa. Na te kaha o te akinga mai o
tera kaipuke ka hinga te rewa o waenganui o te tima,
me te mea i te ta, ki runga ki nga poti nunui e rua o
taua tima, a pakaru ana, mate ana hoki nga tangata
tokomaha i te hinganga; a e rua tonu nga poti paku
nei i taea e nga heramana te kokiri ki te wai, i te
hohoro hoki o te totohu o te tima. Kotahi tonu hoki
te kau ma rua nga miniti i muri o te paanga mai o
tera kaipuke kua totohu rawa te tima me nga tangata
katoa o runga; ko tetahi apiha o te tima i puta, kua
taea ke atu hoki e ia te kokiri i te weera poti ki te
wai, me etahi heramana hoki tokowhitu kua eke ki
runga ki te poti o te kapene—heoi nga mea i puta,
ko etahi i ro wai katoa.
Ka watea atu te Raka Ana i te tima katahi ka
haere tonu, ka taea te kotahi maero ka noho mai ka
tuku mai i ona poti e wha hei tiki i nga tangata i ro
te wai e pupuri ana ki nga papa pakaru, ki nga poito,
ki nga kaho, ki nga aha atu, hei whakarewa i a ratou.
He nui o nga mea e tu ana i te papa ki runga o te
tima i te totohutanga i puea ake ki runga rewa ai, a
i taea e nga poti etahi; ko etahi i heke rawa ki raro
ngaro atu ai. Ko tetahi wahine i ora, ko tona tane
me ona tamariki tokowha i mate katoa atu; tokotoru
nga tamahine i ora, ko o ratou matua i ngaro katoa
atu; ko tetahi tai tamariki tane i ngaro tona papa,
me tona whaea, me tona tuahine. Kotahi te wahine
turoro e kawea ana e tona tungane ki o Wiwi, ki te
wahi ora mona, i mate; ko te tungane i ora.
Te ekenga o nga morehu ki runga ki tera kaipuke,
ki te Raka Ana, he hanga whakaaroha rawa. Ko o
ratou mea katoa i ngaro katoa; ko o ratou kahu
moenga anake nga kahu i runga i a ratou; kaore hold
i whai takiwa hei whakakakahu i o ratou kahu i te
takaretanga, a na te mea i tupono ratou ki etahi mea
e maanu ana i runga i te wai i to ratou pueatanga
ake i ora ai ratou. Ko to ratou mate i roto i te wai,
he mate nui rawa i te hauaitu, ka whano ka mate
rawa. Tae rawa atu nga poti ki te tango mai i a
ratou i runga i nga paraki pakaru kua mate rawa i
te mataotao i te hauaitu, he wahi iti hoki kua taka ki
te wai.
No te tirohanga ki te ihu o te Raka Ana ka kitea
he nui te pakaru. Muri iho ka kitea tetahi kaipuke
e rere mai ana, ka tohutohungia atu kia tata mai,
katahi ka tu mai taua kaipuke; he kaipuke ia no
Amerika, i rere mai i Niu laaka, a e rere atu ana ki
Ingarani. Katahi ka kawea nga morehu ki runga
ki taua kaipuke, e waru te kau ma whitu ratou, a i
atawhaitia nuitia ratou e te kapene o taua kaipuke.
No te 30 o nga ra o Nowema ka tae taua kaipuke ki
tetahi taone kei Ingarani ko Kaatiwhi te ingoa,
katahi ka atawhaitia aua morehu ki roto ki nga
paparikauta o taua taone.
Ka te Kapene tetahi i ora; kotahi te haora e noho
ana i roto i te wai ka riro ake i tetahi o nga poti.
He tino Kai-whakawa no Amerika tetahi o nga
tangata i runga i taua tima, he tiati—e haere ana ki
o Wiwi raua ko tona wahine. No te mea ka tata te
tima te heke ki raro, ka hopungia e ia nga ringa o
tona wahine, ka ki, " Kia toa ra taua ki te mate, kia
manawanui." Kotahi te wahine e kiia ana i whaka-
orangia me te peeke moni i tona kaki e mau ana, e
rua rau pauna ki roto. Ko Kapene Hanita tetahi o
nga rangatira i runga i taua tima, me ona tamahine
tokotoru  he Kapene ia no runga i nga kaipuke
manuwao o Amerika. Tokorua o aua tamahine i ora,
with which the vessel went down, the crew were only
able to launch the whaleboat and the captain's gig.
In twelve minutes from the time when the two
vessels came into collision the "Ville du Havre" had
gone down, carrying with her the whole of the crew
and passengers, with the exception of the second
lieutenant, who was in the whale-boat, which was in
his command, and seven of the crew, who had
scrambled into the captain's gig.
The " Loch Earn," after getting clear of the " Ville
du Havre," kept on her course tor a mile, and then
hove-to and launched four other boats to pick up the
passengers and crew, who were floating about on the
sea, some on pieces of plank and on life-buoys, others
on casks, or anything that would serve to keep them
afloat. Those who were on deck when she sank
and afterwards floated, were picked up; but a large
number sank to rise no more. One lady who was
saved lost her husband and four children, three young
ladies lost their parents, and one young man lost
father, mother, and sister. One gentleman going
with his sister to France for the benefit of her health,
found that she was among those who had gone down
in the vessel.
The scene on the deck of the "Loch Earn" was
most distressing. Those who were saved had lost
their all; the ladies and gentlemen who escaped had
only time to rush on deck in their night-dresses, and
all owe their safety to the circumstance of being able
to reach something floating when they rose to the
surface. Their sufferings during the time they were
in the water were intense, the cold rendering them
almost lifeless. When taken off the pieces of plank
into the boats, but little life remained, and they must
soon have fallen into the water from cold and ex-
haustion.
On examining the bow's of the " Loch Earn" it was
found that she was much damaged; and when an
American ship, which was afterwards discovered to
be the " Tremontain," hove in sight, signals were
made to her, and she hove-to. It was found she was
bound for Bristol from New York, and the survivors,
eighty-seven in number, were transferred to her,
where every attention was paid to them by Captain
Urqubart. The "Tremontain" came to anchor on
30th November in Cardiff Roads, and sent the sur-
vivors on shore, where they were received at several
of the hotels in the town.
The captain of the steamer was amongst the
rescued; he was picked up by one of the boats after
having been an hour in the water. Among the pas-
sengers was a United States judge, travelling to
France in company with his wife. As the ship was
sinking, he was seen to clasp his wife's hands, and
just before they became engulfed, he exclaimed,
" Let us die bravely." One lady is reported to have
been rescued with a bag of gold, said to have con-
tained £200, round her neck. The first-class pas-
sengers included Captain Hunter, of the American
navy, and his three daughters. Of the daughters
two were rescued; the other and the father were

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.
65
ko tetahi me tona papa ano i mate. E tu ana ratou i
runga i te papa o te tima e poroaki ana te papa ki
ona tamahine, ka mea kua mohio ia tera e ora tetahi o
ana tamahine, ko Mei te ingoa. Ko tona kupu tenei
ki taua kotiro, " Kua mohio au ka whakaorangia koe
e te Atua; tenei ano he mahi mau kei te ao te takoto
ake nei; me haere tonu ano koe," ara mo te ora
taua kupu. He tika hoki: ko taua kotiro me tona
teina, tuakana ranei, ko Ani, i ora ano; ko raua
etahi i tae ki Kaatiwhi. Heoi.
Ko te te kau ma wha tenei o nga tima nui kua
ngaro i taua moana, me nga tangata tini noa o runga,
i muri mai o te tau 1840.
I rokohina ano te Raka Ana e te tupuhi i muri i
tona pahemotanga atu i te wahi i pakaru ai te tima, a
ki hai i kaha i te pakaru kino o te ihu; tae rawa ki
te 28 o taua marama ka whano ka totohu. I reira
ka tupono mai tetahi kaipuke, ko te Piritihi Kuini;
katahi ka eke katoa nga tangata o te Raka Aua ki
runga ki taua kaipuke, ka whakarerea to ratou kai-
puke ki te moana mate atu ai.
HE WHARANGI TUWHERA.
Ko nga Pakeha matau ki te Reo Maori e tuhi mai ana ki
tenei nupepa me tuhi mai a ratou reta ki nga reo e rua—te reo
Maori me te reo Pakeha ano.
Ki a te Kai Tuhi o te Waka Maori.
Hotereni, Hauraki, Pepuere, 1874.
E HOA.—Tenakoe, i a koe e mahi tonu nei ki te
panui i nga whakaaro o nga kai tuku korero hei
utanga mo runga i to tatou waka, kua karangatia
nei, ko te Waka Maori o Niu Tirani—ara ko te kai
kawe i nga whakaaro mo nga korero a nga tangata
katoa o o tatou motu. Na kona rawa tatou nga iwi
o enei motu i kiia ai he iwi kotahi. Whiti atu ana
ki tera motu o to tatou Koroni, mei kore to tatou
takawaenga, ta tatou nupepa, penei kua. kore tatou o
tatatata Id a tatou. Na ta tatou nupepa rawa tatou
i whakatata i tata ai tatou i a tatou whai ki e whai ki
nei tatou i roto i ta tatou nupepa.
Na, kei te whakamiharo ahau ki te whakaaro ranga-
tira o Whanganui, me ora atu iwi o te motu nei, e
hapai nei,, e hanga nei, i tenei nupepa. E hoa
ma, e kore ahau e whakama ki te whaki ake i
taku he, i to tenei moana i to Hauraki. Rere! Ki
tonu te Pohitapeta o Hauraki, i te putanga mai o nga
meera, i nga nupepa o te Waka Maori e tukua mai
ana ki nga rangatira o tenei takiwa; wharara ana te
tuara o te kai waha mai i aua nupepa nei ki Hotoreni.
Heoti, kaore ano tetahi o nga ingoa o nga tangata ki
a ratou nei aua nupepa i kitea noatia ki roto i nga
rarangi ingoa o te hunga e utu ana i nga nupepa ki a
ratou. Heoi anake, ko te ingoa o tetahi kaumatua
rangatira, o Maihi te Hinaki o Whitianga, o o te taha
ki te tai rawhiti o Hauraki.
Na, e hara taku tuhituhi i te mea kia kaua a ratou
nupepa e tukua mai ki a ratou; engari e whaki ana
au i te whakaaro o enei nga rangatira e kore nei e
hapai tahi i tenei taonga nui e tukua mai ana Id a
tatou, e hapai nei nga tangata o Whanganui. He
taonga takawaenga te nupepa i waenganui o nga iwi
mohio katoa o te ao. Nate nupepa hoki i waenganui
i nga iwi Pakeha i tatatata ai nga tangata o tetehi
koroni ki o tetehi atu koroni, o tetehi rangatiratanga
ki o tetahi atu rangatiratanga. He mea pai ano
tenei reta aku hei mea e whai mahara ake ai nga
tangata e whiwhi ana i tenei nupepa ki te utu i a
ratou nupepa.
E whakawhetai ana ahau ki te whakaaro pai,
mohio, rangatira, ano hoki o Whanganui me ona
rangatira mo to ratou ahu nui ki te hanga i te Waka.
E tika ana kia whai etahi i te tauira kua takoro i a
ratou.*****
HOANI NAHE.
drowned. As they stood on the deck, the father,
while taking an affectionate farewell of his daughters,
expressed his belief that his daughter May would be
saved. " I know God will save  you," he said; " there
is something for you to do; you must go on again."
Miss May Hunter and her sister  Annie were two of
the twenty-seven passengers who landed at Cardiff.
This is the fourteenth lange  Atlantic liner totally
lost, with great sacrifice of life, since 1840.
The " Loch Earn" aftyerwards encountered some
heavy gales, and so much damage had been done to
her bows in the collision that by the 28th of the
same month she was in a sinking state. She fell in
with a ship called the " Brittish   Queen," and all her
people were transferred to that ship, and the '' Loch
Earn" abandoned to her fate.
OPEN COLUMN.
European correspondents  who have a knowledge of Maori
are requested to be good enough i; i fnfcu,re to forvvard their
communications in both languages.
To i7ie Editor cf the Waka Maori.
Shortland, Hauraki, February, 1S74.
rR!END,—Greeting. I compliment you on your
work of publishing abroad the thoughts of those who
write tor our canoe, that is to say, the WaJca Maori
of New Zealand—the vehicle of conveyance for the
thoughts and words of all men of this our country.
It is this which unites the tribes as one people.
And with respect to the people of the oiher island of
our Colony, w^ere it not tor our uewspaper facilitating
an interchange of thought between us, we should
have no connecting link with those people. We
have to thank our newspaper that we are enabled to
speak to each other.
I am much pleased with the w"ay in which the
people of Whanganui, aud some other parts of the
countrv, have come forward to support ihe news-
paper. I will not allow shame to prevenfc me from
acknowledging the remissness of our people of
Hauraki in this matter. The post-office of Hauraki,
when the mails arrive, is filled with the Waka Maori
newspaper tor the chiefs? of this district, and the
back of the man wlio carries them to Shortland is
bent with t!ie weight of them ; neverfcheless, I do not
see in the acknowledgment of ?ubscriptions the names
of many of those who receivc them. I have only
seen the name of one old chief, Maihi Te Hinaki, of
Whitianga, on the east coast of Hauraki.
Now, I am not writingthat thcirnewspaper should
be withheld ; but I wish to show up these chiefs who
will not assist in supportin^ this great benefit con-
ferred upon us, as the Whanganui people do. A
newspaper is an institution among all intelligent
peoples in the world. By means of their newspapers
the Pakehas of one colony have reciprocal commu-
nication with those of another, and those of one
kingdom with those of another. I frust this letter
of mino may be a means of inducing those who
receivo the newspaper to pay for it.
I highly appreciate the action of the Whanganui
people and their chiefs, and the intelligence they
have shown in so nobly supporting the Wak-a. Let
others imitate their example.
^ * * * »
HOANI NAHE.

66
TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.
[Kua whakarerea e matou nga korero whakamu-
tunga o te reta a Hoani, no te mea e whakaaro
ana matou he korero hara ia ki etahi atu iwi, he
korero e pouri ai ratou. He tangata mohio a
Hoani. Akuanei ia kite ai, Id te ata whakaaro ia,
he mea tika kia kore aua tu korero e utaina ki tenei
Waka, no te mea ko tona tikanga o tenei nupepa ko
te ako matauranga, ko te oranga, ko te kotahitanga
o nga iwi, me te whakatupu i te whakaaro aroha i
roto i a ratou].
Ki a te Kai Tuhi o te Waka Maori.
Nepia, Pepuere 15, 1874.
E HOA,—Tenakoe. Me tuku e koe tenei reta ki te
Waka Maori. E whakatika ana au ki nga reta a
Horomona Hapai raua ko Hori Waiti, me a raua
whakaaro mo nga korero at te Pokiha raua ko Hare
Reweti, mo te kino o tenei kai, te waipiro, me nga
tini he e pa mai aua ki te tinana o te tangata i runga
i te kainga i taua kai. Ko taku kupu ano tenei i
mua, a tae noa mai ki tenei ra, kia puma taua kai,
kia whakamutua tona mahinga, kia herea nga kai mahi.
Kaore hoki kia mohiotia he tikanga o te kainga hei
kai. Mehemea hei hinu ka popotia ki te upoko, mo
te tinana ranei, mo nga waewae ranei, ka kawea ano
ki reira. He iwi kino nga tangata o Tokomaru i mua
ki te kai waipiro; inaianei ka nui te pai, ka mahue i
a ratou te kai waipiro, a ka toe te rau pauna a Hori
Waiti a mua ake nei hei hoko taonga mona. Katahi
ano ka kore e pa mai ki a ratou a mua atu nga mate
i mate ai rato u i mua ai.
Ki taku mahara hoki e kore e taea te whakamutu
i te mahinga o tenei kai, o te waipiro; e kore ano
hoki e taea he ture hei arai atu i te hoko, no te mea
hoki kei te kai katoa nga tangata nunui o te ao i tenei
kai kino. Ka kite ano au i nga taone katoa ko nga
whare nunui papai, e mahia ana hei hoko i taua mea
kino nei. Koia au i mahara ai e kore e taea te arai
atu.
Heoi ano te arai pai ko ta Horomona Hapai raua
ko Hori Waiti—me arai i o raua ake tinana.
NA HENARE RE POTAE.
[E tika ana ta Henare Potae. Mehemea ka
araitia tenei hanga mate e nga tangata katoa atu, ia
tangata, ia tangata, i tona tinana ake, hei reira te
mutu ai to tatou kitenga i nga rori katoa o a tatou
taone e tu ana era tu whare nunui, papai, i hangaia
hei hokohoko i taua mea kua waihotia hei kanga mo
te tangata—hei rore ataahua aua whare hei hopo i te
tauhou. Kia mohio koutou, ko ia tangata ko ia
tangata e whakatakoto ana. he tauira kore e kai i te
waipiro i tona tinana ake ano, e hara tana i te mea e
pai ai ko ia anake ano, engari he hapai tikanga tana
e ora ai, e hari ai, e tika ai, ona hoa tangata katoa atu.]
Ki a Te Kai Tuhi o te Waka Maori.
Whanganui-a-Tara, Pepuere 18, 1874.
E HOA.,—Tenakoe. Mau tenei e uta ki runga ki to
tatou Waka. Kua wha te kau oku tau i noho ai au
i tenei motu. I whanau a hau i Niu Tirani nei, a
ahakoa he Pakeha au, kua tangatamaoritia i te roa o
taku noho ki waenga o nga tangata Maori. Ko taku
kupu tenei. Katahi au Ita kite i te tino aroha o te
Kawanatanga ki nga iwi Maori; ko te aroha tenei,
ko te tuku haere i te Waka Maori ki nga iwi i nga
wahi tawhiti o enei motu, kaore he wahi e kapea ana.
Kei nga wahi katoa e nohoia ana e te tangata, aha-
koa he kaumatua ruarua pea, tera te waka te hoe mai
ra; wherahia ake, ka kitea nga tini korero hei ako i te
tangata, hei arahi atu i a ia ki te mohiotanga. Tena
[We have omitted the latter part of Hoani's letter,
because we think it is calculated to give offence to
certain other tribes. Hoani is a man of intelligence,
and he will see, on due consideration, that all such
subjects should be avoided in a paper like the Waka,
which has for its object the instruction, welfare, and
union of the tribes, and the promotion of cordial
relations between them all.]
To the Editor of the Waka Maori.
Napier, 15th February, 1874.
FRIEND,—Greeting. I beg that you will insert
this letter in the Waka Maori. I quite accord with
the letters of Horomona Hapai and Hori Waiti, and
their sentiments respecting the speech of Mr. Fox
and the letters of Mr. C. O. Davis, in relation to this
vile drink, spirituous liquor, and the multitude of
evils which are brought upon the human race by
indulgence in its use. I have always persistently
maintained that the use of it should be discontinued,
the distillation of it suppressed, and those who distil
it imprisoned. No imaginable good has ever been
derived from its use as a beverage. If it could be
used as oil for the hair, or to anoint the body, or to
rub into a man's legs and feet, something might be
said in its favour. The people of Tokomaru were
once greatly addicted to the vice of drinking; but
they are now reformed; they have abandoned the
practice, and Hori Waiti will not ia future spend his
pounds by the hundred in drink, but in goods of
value for his use. They will henceforth escape the
ailments and ills to which they have been subject.
I fear the production of spirituous liquors cannot
be suppressed, and that no prohibitory law will be
effectual in stopping the traffic, because all the great
men of the each indulge in the use of this pernicious
drink. I observe in all the towns that the largest
and most magnificent buildings are erected for the
purpose of trading in this evil thing; therefore I
imagine it cannot be suppressed.
The most effectual suppression is that of Horomona
Hapai and Hori Waiti—a suppression of it in their
own persons and practice.
HENARE POTA.E.
[Henare Potae is right. If every man would
suppress this fatal habit in his own person and prac-
tice, we should no longer see, in every street in our
towns, these magnificent buildings erected for deal-
ing in this curse of mankind—splendid traps to
ensnare the unwary. Remember, that every man
who sets an example of sobriety in his own conduct
and person is not only benefiting himself, but he is
doing something towards making all his fellow-
creatures healthier, happier, and better men.]
To the Editor of the Waka Maori.
Whanganui-a-Tara, February 18, 1874.
FRIEND,—Greeting. Will you please take this on
board our canoe? I have lived forty years in this coun-
try. I was born in New Zealand, and, although I am a
Pakeha, it may be said in some sense that I am a
Maori, from my long residence among the Native
people. This I have to say, that I believe the
Government have never given a greater proof of their
good-will to the Native race than in the circulation
of the Waka Maori amongst the tribes in every part
of these islands, no place being omitted. To every
inhabited spot, it may be by only a few old men, the
Waka finds its way, bearing on its pages varied infor-
mation and instruction to lead the people in the way

TE WAKA MAORI O NIU TIRANI.
67
nga kupu mo Niu Tirani nei, nga kupu ano hoki mo
nga whenua ngaro.
E hoa, e te Kai Tuhi, tena koe. Kia kaha koe i
runga i to mahi uta i to tatou waka, kia mohio ai nga
tangata Maori ki nga mea e ngaro ana ki a ratou
inaianei.
Na to hoa,
TE PEKA.
PANUITANGA.
KUA mea mai a Mohi Turei, a Henare Turangi, a
Mokena Kohere, me Hori Karaka, o Waiapu, te Tai
Rawhiti, kia Panuitia atu e matou kia mohiotia ai he
motu rakau nui ta ratou, a e hiahia ana ratou kia
whakaritea he tikanga ki tetahi Pakeha e tukua ai
aua rakau hei kanikani mana. He nui nga kahikatea
kei taua motu rakau, he roroa he papai. E tata tonu
ana ki te awa ki te Arai.
Me pa te tangata ki a te Rev. Mohi Turei kei
Turanganui, kei reira te ata rongo ai ki nga tikanga
e whakaaetia ai te mahi.
TOKOWHITU NGA TANGATA. MATE I TE
KAIPUKE PAKARU.
Kaore i kitea i mua ai ki Werengitana nei tetahi
marangai kia rite te kaha ki te maranga i pa ki Po
Neke i te Hatarei kua taha nei. Taua rangi i pupuhi
tonu te tupuhi kaha rawa atu, a taea noatia te ahiahi
—pakaru ana etahi kaipuke me nga poti i roto i te
kokorutanga o Po Neke. No te ahiahi ka whiti te
hau ki te tonga, a tae rawa atu ki te weherua
kua kaha rawa ano te pupuhi. Ko te Werengi-
tana me te Hairuha, he kaipuke no Po Neke taua
rua, no te ahiahi o te Parairei i rere atu ai
e rere ana ki Niukahera, (he tiki waro). Ko enei
kaipuke, taua rua, na te kaha o te hau i whakapae ki
uta ki runga ki nga toka i te taha hauauru o te
ngutu awa o Po Neke; a ngakungaku noa ana.
Tokowhitu nga tangata i mate. Ko tetahi o nga
mea i mate he wahine no tetahi pakeha tu a ranga-
tira ano o Po Neke nei, me ona tamariki tokorua, i
mate katoa. He haere ta taua wahine me ona
tamariki ki Niukahera, ka hoki mai ai. E kore e taea
e matou te ata whakapau i tenei nupepa nga korero o
tenei mate nui, whakaaroha, e pouri nei te taone
katoa.
HE TANGATA MATE.
Ko te rangatira ko HAPURONA IWIMAIRE, o
Taranaki, i te 26 o Pepuere kua taha nei. E rua nga
marama e mate ana ka hemo. I mate ia i te Paraki
i te Arei; ko ia hoki te kai tiaki i taua Paraki.
Ko HEREWINI KAIRAKAU, he kaumatua rangatira,
i te 5 o Pepuere, i Poti Riwhi, Katapere.
Ko RAHAPA  HINETITAMA, i te 18 o Pepuere, i
Akaroa, Katapere. He kuia ia i manaakitia nuitia e
tona iwi.
of knowledge. They have information given them
not only respecting New Zealand, but other countries
also.
My friend, Mr. Editor, I salute you. May you be
strengthened in your labour of imparting knowledge
to the Maori people, so that they may know the
things which are now hidden from them.
From yours, &c.,
—— BAKER.
NOTICE.
MOHI TUREI, Henare Turangi, Mokena Kohere, and
Hori Karaka, of Waiapu, East Cape, request us to
give notice that they are the proprietors of a large
timber bush, and are desirous of making an arrange-
ment with some European for the cutting of the
same. The bush contains a quantity of long, straight,
white pine, and is situate in close proximity to the
Arai River.
Full information as to terms can be obtained on
application to the Rev. Mohi Turei, at Turanganui.
LOSS OF SEVEN LIVES BY SHIPWRECKS.
ONE of the most severe gales ever experienced in
Wellington, passed over the city on Saturday last.
During the whole of the day it blew a perfect hurri-
cane from the north, and considerable damage was
done to the shipping and boats in the harbour. In
the evening the wind changed to the south-east,
and by midnight it was again blowing a heavy gale.
The ship " Wellington " and the barque " Cyrus," both
belonging to Wellington, had sailed on the Friday
evening, bound for Newcastle. Both these vessels
were driven by the force of the gale on the rocks on
the west side of Wellington Heads and broken to
pieces, and seven lives lost. Amongst those lost were
a lady, the wife of a gentleman residing in Welling-
ton, and her two children. They were passengers by
the Cyrus for Newcastle. We cannot in this issue
give the details of this most disastrous and melan-
choly occurrence, which has spread a general gloom
over the city.
DEATHS.
The chief HAPURONA IWIMAIRE, of Taranaki, on the
26th of February last, after two months illness. He
died at the Arei Blockhouse, of which he had taken
charge.
HEREWINI KAIRAKAU, an aged chief, on the 5th of
February, at Port Levy, Canterbury.
RAHAPA HINETITAMA., an aged woman, much res-
pected by her tribe, on the 18th of February, at
Akaroa, Canterbury.
Printed under the authority  of the New Zealand Government, by GEORGE DlDSBURY, Government Printer, Wellington.